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784 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
November 11 
Farmers’ Club. 
[Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the writer to insure atten¬ 
tion. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put questions on a separate piece of paper.] 
Van Deman’s Fruit Notes. 
ALL SORTS OF QUESTIONS ANSWERED. 
Life of Standard Pears. 
How long should standard pear trees live? 
Which two of the standard pears are best 
for Winter? d. e. s. 
Shelby Basin, N. Y. 
Standard pear trees almost live for¬ 
ever, as one person’s life goes, and 
sometimes outlive several generations 
of man. There are pear trees near De¬ 
troit, Mich., that were planted by the 
French settlers about 200 years ago. 
One that my grandfather planted in 
Ohio, nearly 100 years ago, is yet in 
bearing condition. The average stand¬ 
ard pear tree does not live more than 40 
years, but if the trees are properly cared 
for, there is no reason why they should 
not flourish and bear well for over 50 
years. Blight and the “cow with a 
crumpled horn,” which is said to be “the 
nurseryman’s best friend,” make away 
with a large proportion of those that 
are planted. Many of them die from 
these causes and neglect, before they 
have borne a single pear. Two of the 
best Winter pears are Lawrence and 
Krull. 
Keep Peach Trees Out of Apple Orchard. 
I have a 40-acre apple orchard, planted 
two years ago. The land is in corn, and 
the trees are cultivated from three to five 
times each season. I wish to know whether 
you would recommend planting a peach 
tree between the apple trees one way? I 
thought by so doing I could get full bene¬ 
fit of the peach trees by the time the apple 
trees commence to bear. If so, what va¬ 
rieties would you recommend for com¬ 
mercial use? A. T. 
Amity, Mo. 
Never say another word about setting 
peach trees among the apple trees. It is 
a very bad practice. I know this by 
some costly experience in Kansas, as 
well as by much observation, and the 
opinions of such of my friends as L. A. 
Goodman, J. C. Evans, of Missouri, and 
J. H. Hale, of Connecticut, and others 
who have tried it, and are among our 
best and largest fruit growers. The 
peach trees wlill rob the soil and shade 
the apple trees too much, even if they 
do not seem to be close enough. Mine 
were a rod from the apple trees, on or¬ 
dinary upland prairie, and had good cul¬ 
tivation and general care. If the apple 
trees in this orchard of A. T.’s are 30 
or more feet apart I would recommend 
planting between them in the rows run¬ 
ning north and south Missouri Pippin 
apple trees. This will double the num¬ 
ber of trees :in the orchard, and yet 
leave wide spaces between the rows run¬ 
ning east and west. Within the next 15 
years, if the orchard be well cared for, 
these fillers will have borne fruit 
enough to pay for the cost of the entire 
orchard and leave money to its credit 
besides. For the first 15 years or so it 
is the most profitable apple for all 
the western States (except where the 
trees are killed by the severe blizzards). 
It bears early and abundantly, and looks 
handsome. Besides, it is of fair quality, 
and keeps nearly as well as Ben Davis 
or Winesap. 
Starting a Chestnut Orchard. 
I wish to put out some chestnuts to 
raise a chestnut orchard. What variety 
would you recommend? Can the new va¬ 
rieties, like Paragon, be grown from nuts? 
When is the proper time to plant, and 
how? Where can I get nuts of the new 
varieties? At what age ought they to be¬ 
gin bearing? Are they profitable to raise 
for lumber? A. n. p. 
So. Pittsfield, N. H. 
• Paragon is the best variety, all things 
considered, that has been well tested. 
The nuts of this or any other variety 
Will not bring trees that will bear ex¬ 
actly the same kind, but they will, prob¬ 
ably, be something like those on the 
original trees. Grafted trees are the 
only ones that will surely do so. These 
are costly, because of the difficulty in 
getting the graft to take. The proper 
time to plant chestnuts, or almost any 
kind of nut, is in the Fall, as soon after 
gathering as possible. This must be done 
to keep them moist. But do not plant 
them more than an inch or so deep. 
In case the place where it is desired to 
plant them (is not ready, mix them with 
double their bulk of loose soil in an old 
tin can that has holes in the bottom, 
so that it will not hold water, or any 
other metallic or earthenware vessel of 
similar character. Bury this in the 
earth in a moist but not wet place, and 
cover it with a stone or something else 
that the mice cannot get through to eat 
the nuts. Plant the nuts very early in 
the Spring. I now have a nice lot of 
Paragon chestnuts buried in this way, 
and carefully marked by stakes. Seed¬ 
ling trees of this class (European), are 
likely to bear at about five years from 
seed, and the Japan class still earlier. 
Fresh chestnuts may be had of many of 
the nurserymen, if immediate applica¬ 
tion is made for them. No time should 
be lost in doing this, or the nuts will 
be too dry to germinate. I would not 
expect to get timber from these trees 
that would be of much value for lumber, 
for even the large wild chestnut trees 
are not very well suited for this use. 
The lumber is likely to be knotty and 
full of “shakes,” or open seams. Ali 
chestnut lumber is good for is posts and 
rails, as it is very durable. 
Peaches, Apples and a Wind-break. 
1. Will some practical fruit grower give 
the name of the best three peaches for 
commercial planting? Late ones are pre¬ 
ferred; also the best three Winter apples. 
2. Does the Sutton come into bearing 
earlier than Baldwin? Can I do any bet¬ 
ter than to plant Sutton, Boskoop and 
Wealthy? 3. I wish to plant a hedge on 
the west side of the orchard, as the loca¬ 
tion is on high land, and the Fall winds 
shake off the fruit badly. I do not wish 
to plant evergreens, but. would like a 
hedge with a dense foliage, shed in the 
Fall; a slender quick grower preferred. 
Lyons, N. Y. c. A. G. 
1. Cbairs, Salway and Crothers are 
three excellent, late, freestone peaches. 
The first two are yellow, and the other 
one white fleshed. All of them are of 
superior quality, very handsome, and 
the trees bear well. Three good Winter 
apples for commercial purposes, to be 
planted in New York are Sutton, Hub- 
bardston and York Imperial. 
2. Sutton does generally begin to bear 
earlier than Baldwin, and better still, it 
is more constant in its bearing. It is a 
good Winter apple for New York. 
Boskoop is not well tested anywhere, 
but it is a very handsome red and yellow 
Winter variety, and seems to do fairly 
well in some few sections where it has 
been tried. But I would not plant more 
than a few trees of it, and those for 
trial. Wealthy is only a Fall apple, but 
bears very early and heavily. 
3. Carolina poplar would, probably, 
suit the requirement of a quick-growing 
and rather tall tree for a Summer 
wind-break 'in any location where the 
temperature does not fall extremely 
low. It is one of the very fastest grow¬ 
ing trees I know, but does not make a 
good permanent forest tree. The wood 
is of very little value, as it is very soft 
and easy to decay. 
Trees for Western Fences. 
E. G. F„ Cobden, Ills.— 1. What are the 
relative periods that posts made of Red 
cedar, Osage orange and Black locust will 
last in the ground? 2. How should the 
seed of these three trees be saved and 
cared for until planted? 3. Give directions 
for planting each kind. 4. About how 
many years will be required to grow a post 
four inches in diameter and seven feet 
long of each variety named? 
1. Well-seasoned posts of Red cedar 
and Black locust will last from 20 to 50 
years, lasting much longer on high 
gravelly soil than on low black loamy 
soil that is saturated with water in 
Spring and dry in Summer and early 
Autumn. The Osage orange 'is reported 
equally durable, but I have had no per¬ 
sonal acquaintance with it, as it is not 
reliably hardy in northern Illinois, not 
one tree in 2,000 planted in the northern 
tier of counties ever getting to be six 
inches in diameter. 
2. Red cedar seed should be gathered 
in Fall or early Winter, mixed with 
sand and allowed to freeze. Keep it in 
a cool, damp place during the Summer, 
and sow the following Spring or second 
year, covering the seed lightly. It 
should be shaded with lath frames or 
brush the first year. Black locust seed 
may be kept dry the first Winter, but 
should be soaked in very warm water 
about 24 hours before sowing; even then 
part of it will not come up until the 
second year. 
3. I would advise planting the Red 
cedar 4x4 feet apart, as it is a very 
branching tree, and must be planted 
close to have it make a rapid upward 
growth. The locust can be planted 5x5 
feet. Mark the land in either case both 
ways of the field, and plant at the inter¬ 
sections. 
4. The sap wood of either variety rots 
very quickly. To have four inches of 
heart wood it would take 15 to 25 years 
with the Red cedar and five to eight 
years with the Black locust. A number 
of years ago we cut down a Red cedar 
wind-break that had been planted over 
20 years, and used the trunks for fence 
posts. They were from five to seven 
inches in diameter, and we thought we 
would not have to rebuild that fence for 
20 years at least. In two years the sap 
wood had rotted, and the boards had 
fallen off (this was before the days of 
barb wire), leaving the posts still stand¬ 
ing, but only two to three 'inches in di¬ 
ameter. In southern Illinois, where the 
Osage orange does well, I would advise 
planting as close as 4x4 feet, as it 
branches out so plentifully that it would 
take it years to make a large tree other¬ 
wise. THOS. H. DOUGLAS. 
Waukegan, Ill. 
Strong 
Bones 
In speaking about Scott’s 
Emulsion for children, you 
should not forget that it con¬ 
tains Same and soda, just 
what the child must have to 
form strong bones and good 
teeth. It’s this forming time 
you want to look after. 
Growing bodies must have an 
easily digested fat. Just think how 
much of it there is in miik, as cream. 
Scott’s Emulsion 
is even more easily digested than 
cream. It’s surprising how chil¬ 
dren thrive when given it. 
Don’t keep the children living on 
the edge of sickness all the time. 
Make them strong and rugged, 
plump and hearty. Scott’s Emul¬ 
sion of Cod-liver Oil and the Hypo- 
phosphites of Lime and Soda will do 
this for them. 
At all druggists: 50 c. and $ 1 . 00 . 
SCOTT & BOWNE, Chemists, New York. 
Jadoo Fibre and Jadoo Liquid 
Will give you Early Crops and Large Crops 
of Vegetables or Fruit. 8end for Catalogues 
and be convlnoed of the merits of these 
new Fertilizers. 
THE AMERICAN JADOO CO., 
815 Falrmount Avenue. Philadelphia, Pa. 
ni AUrn and other Grass Seeds FOR SALE. 
ULUVCn Wr te Ur samples and prices. 
Bourbon Elevator and Milling Co., Bourbon. Ind. 
For Sale—Seed Potatoes. 
NEW QUEEN—one year from State of Maine- 
fine stock, *1.50 per bagof two bushels. 
M. GARKAHAN, Kingston, Pa. 
“Durability is 
QrtTJJTOCC— bushels. Seedsmen or 
rU j A I uLv Growers. Maule’s Commercial. 
Bovee, Irish Cobbler. Early Harvest and others 
Choice Sample Pound mailed 15 cents. 
S. J. SMITH S POTATO FARM, Manchester, N. Y 
Better Than Show” 
The wealth of the multi-millionaires is 
not equal to good health . Riches without 
health aie a curse, and yet the rich, the 
middle classes and the poor alike have, in 
Hood's Sarsaparilla, a valuable assistant 
in getting and maintaining perfect health. 
Grape Vines 
Descriptive and Price List free. 
Cnrrint», Gooseberries and other Small 
Fruit Plants. Extra quality. Warranted true. 
T. S. HUBBARL) CO., FUEDONIA, N. Y. 
-J . CABBAGE 
JL IcHltS le'ttuci 
Cheap in Large Lots. 
J. LINTHICUM, Woodwardville, A. A. Co.,Md. 
fl O NEW YORK STRAWBERRY PLANTS bv 
I &L mall for $1. T. C KKVITT, Athenia, N. Y. 
Choice Fruit Trees, Vines, Shrubs, Plants, Bulbs, 
etc. Illustrated Catalogue and Pjice-Llst Free. 
8 . E. HALL, Cherry Valley, Ill. 
DEAPU TDCCQ - 0ne year from bud. 2 J^c.and 
rtrtun InLLu up—ail leading varieties. 
It. S. JOHNSTON, Box 4. Stockley, Del. 
ftl jmCTflAIE—Potted Plants all gone. 100.000 
UlbAUd I wllb choice plants for Spring de¬ 
livery. F. F. MERCERON, Catawissa, Pa. 
The President Wilder Currant 
and other choice new fruits can be had at 
bottom prices of the subscriber. Send 
for descriptive list and prices to 
8 . D. WILLARD, Geneva, N. Y. 
Pedigree Strawberries 
Recommended to all strawberry growers by Rural 
N iw-T orker M arch 11, ’99, and praised by It Jnly 17 
’97 and July 16. ’98. We offer JOE, CARRIE 811, VERS, 
STELLA and REBA in pot^grown plants at 25o each, 
*2 per doz„ $5 per 100; and ROBBIE and NETTIE, the 
best late strawberries yet introduced, at 25c. each, $2 
per doz., 16 per 100. Plants to be all pot-grown and to 
be delivered after July 1st. Orderquick; stockllmited 
JOS. H. BLACK , SON & CO., Hightstown, N. J. 
Apple Seedlings. 
We offer the following grades: 
First-class, 3-16 inch and up, straights. 
Second class, 2-10 to 3-16 inch, straights. 
Branched, 3-16 inch and up. 
These Seedlings are equal to any on the market, 
and offered at reasonable prices. We also have 
a large stock of Root Grafts. Address 
F. S. PHOENIX, Bloomington, Ill. 
FALL FLANTING. 
Our CATALOGUE tells all about the Trees, Plants and Vines that can be planted with safety in the 
Fall, and explains why you should plant at this season. U3f It will be mailed Free. Send your address 
T. J. DWYER & SON, Box 1, Cornwall, N Y. 
etc. advertise themselves. The best always cheapest. 
Have hundreds of car loads of 
FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES. 
40 acres hardy Boses, 44 greenhouses of Palms, 
lj\ Ficus, Ferns, Roses, Etc. Correspondence solicited. 
Catalogue and price list free. 
THE STORRS & HARRISON CO., Painesville, Ohio. 
We can supply 
every demand. 
All stock select- 
A MILLION TREES 
ed, grown and budded with expert knowledge of the orchardists needs. 
VICTOR PEACH our newest. I MAMMOTH BLACK TWIG 
Earliest in cultivation. Hardy, vig-1 highest colored large Winter Apple, 
orous. Fruit large, firm, good ship-1 Deep red, delicious flavor, good 
per, fine flavor and color. I keeper. Ask about these, our Plum 
andother trees. Asparagus and Strawberry plants. Ill ust’d Catalogue free. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, Box 29, BERLIN, Md. 
