826 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER: 
November 25 
MILK IN CENTRAL MASSACHUSETTS 
BOMB HARDSHIPS OF Mil.KM AKERS. 
Dangers from Dishonest Inspectors . 
Near By Market. —The milk produc¬ 
ers within a short distance of large 
towns have a decided advantage in being 
able to establish routes and sell milk 
direct to consumers. Some also work up 
a trade in butter, eggs and vegetables, 
as many people prefer to buy these per¬ 
ishable goods at first hand rather than 
th rough the markets. While their brother 
milkmen who are too far away from 
large towns to dispose of their products 
'in this way, are obliged to wrestle with 
creamery sharks, city milk contractors 
and frauds of all kinds, they have but 
few of these troubles, and usually get a 
fair price for milk. Worcester, Mass., is 
a city of about 100,000 inhabitants. In 
conversation with one of the local milk 
inspectors, I learned that nearly all of 
the milk produced within a radius of slix 
or seven miles is disposed of in the city. 
About 90 licenses are issued to milkmen, 
and the last annual report of the in¬ 
spectors showed that an average of 
5,997% cans of 8% quarts each are con¬ 
sumed daily in this city. The retail 
pfiice is six cents per quart the year 
around. The milkmen have an associa¬ 
tion, with agreement to maintain this 
standard, and tbe rule is fairly well 
lived up to. Bottles have not been used 
to any extent until recently, but are now 
becoming popular. They certainly are 
a great improvement over cans, as more 
or less dirt gets into milk in the old 
plan of dipping it out of the cans on tbe 
streets, and some milkmen are very 
careless in their methods of handling it. 
I saw a large number of these bottles in 
the workroom of the Sealer of Weights 
and Measures in the Worcester Court 
House, and learned that the law requires 
that the bottles shall be measured, and 
the sealer’s mark put on all that hold 
the proper quantity, while those that 
fall short are destroyed. 
Standards; Tuberculosis. — The 
standard of butter fat required in milk 
by the Massachusetts law is 3.7 per cent. 
Of course some grade cows will drop be¬ 
low this. A man who looked at the 
humorous side of the case saiid that it 
was a little rough to be fined $50 because 
your cow gave milk that did not come 
up to the standard. The inspectors re¬ 
commend milkmen to bulk all milk, 
that is, to put it into one large recep¬ 
tacle, and mix thoroughly, making a uni¬ 
form quality. Thus, if one cow gives 
milk below the standard, the better milk 
wtill bring it up. Of course, this is also 
an advantage to the consumer, as it 
makes a desirable uniform quality. No 
one wishes Jersey milk one day and 
sky-blue the next. In this section, less 
than half the cows are Jersey, the re¬ 
mainder being Holstein and other heavy 
milkers. 
There has been but little tuberculosis 
in central Massachusetts recently. When 
the scare first came out, the State in¬ 
spectors condemned and quarantined 
cattle bight and left, often without any 
good reason. They abused their powers 
and misused the cattle owners, but the 
laws have been revised so that the mat¬ 
ter is now handled more fairly. I was 
told that the local inspectors have had 
but one case where milk had been 
treated with chemicals. The guilty par¬ 
ty acknowledged that he used the 
“freezine,” but thought that it was all 
right, as the druggist from whom he 
bought it said it was harmless! 
Some Hard Troubles. —The local 
mlilkmen have their troubles, however. 
Occasionally there is a State inspector 
with an unusual thirst for “glory.” He 
comes along, gets a sample from the 
milkman, takes it away to be tested, and, 
if it fails in the least, the milkman 
suffers. But how is the producer to 
know that he is fairly treated? If he 
knows that the milk is not adulterated, 
and has been up to standard before, he 
naturally wonders why lit should fail 
now, and suspects that the inspector has 
tampered with it. If a man adulterates 
milk, he ought to be severely punished, 
but he should not be condemned without 
having a chance to defend himself, and 
knowing for a certainty that he is re¬ 
ceiving fair treatment. One of the 
county authorities who issues licenses to 
milkmen tells them that, if anyone de¬ 
mands a sample of milk that they are 
selling, they have a right to demand that 
he take a sample for them out of the 
same can, and seal the package himself. 
Then the milkman can take that sample 
to the proper county official to be tested 
for himself, and he is thus protected 
against possible over-enthusiastic 'in¬ 
spectors with a minus amount of hon¬ 
esty. Perhaps there may be no very 
good ground for the suspicions that 
milkmen have regarding the honesty of 
inspectors, but I heard of at least one 
case where a State inspector did not care 
to take a sample of milk where the pro¬ 
ducer insisted that ne have a like sam¬ 
ple to test for Ms own protection. It is 
hard to believe that an official, just for 
the sake of making a “bluff” of uncom¬ 
mon watchfulness in his position, should 
do such a despicably mean thing as to 
tamper with a sample, in a way that 
would unjustly condemn a man, but the 
strife for political capital, as well as 
money, leads a man into strange actions. 
A local philosopher remarked to me: “A 
wad of money pokeu under a man’s nose 
will sometimes turn his mind wrong 
side out, and make him do all sorts of 
things. We have some bad grade cross¬ 
ings here, and time and again the citi¬ 
zens have been certain that they had 
things fixed so that the Legislature 
would make the railroads do away with 
the crossings, but, when the time comes, 
things go just as the railroads wish.” 
Ensilage Popular. —Ensilage is used 
freely in this section of New England, 
and people laugh at the idea of its in¬ 
juring the milk in any way. One man 
said: “I wouldn’t take $1,000 for my silo 
if I couldn’t replace lit.” Another who 
had used a silo for two years felt pro¬ 
voked with himself for not building it 
before. Of course corn is the principal 
stuff used for ensilage, but one man 
said that he had used clover, and, al¬ 
though it turned black, the cattle ate 
it readily. Another made ensilage of 
any green crop he happened to have, 
commencing with green rye. Much of 
the large Eureka corn is put into silos 
in this section. This is said to grow at 
times to the height of 17% feet, and to 
yield anywhere from 30 to 40 tons per 
acre. The quality is not quite equal to 
the smaller varieties, but the enormous 
yield makes it more profitable for the 
grower. w. w. h. 
The Umatilla Indians are selling their 
little cayuses, on their Oregon reservation 
to the horse cannery at Linnton. A good 
many of the Indians, like their white 
brothers, have decided that it pays better 
to sell worthless horses at $2.50 a head, fox- 
canning, than to feed them on Bunch- 
grass needed by more valuable stock. 
Burden-bearing Dogs.—A writer in the 
Popular Science Monthly, discussing the 
reasoning powers of animals, has this to 
say of dogs: For a number of years I was 
a resident missionary in the Hudson Bay 
Territories, where, in the pi-osecution of 
my work, I kept a large number of dogs 
of various breeds. With these dogs I 
traveled several thousands of miles every 
Winter over an area larger than the State 
of New Yoi’k. In Summer I used them to 
plow my garden and fields. They dragged 
home our fish from the distant fisheries, 
and the wood from the forests for our 
numerous fires. They cuddled around ms 
on the edges of my heavy fur robes in 
wintry camps, where we often slept out in 
a hole dug in the snow, the temperature 
ranging from 30 degrees to 60 degrees be¬ 
low zero. When blizzard storms raged so 
terribly that even the most experienced In¬ 
dian guides were bewildered, and knew not 
north from south or east from west, our 
sole reliance was on our dogs, and with an 
intelligence and an endurance that ever 
v on our admiration they succeeded in. 
bringing us to our desired destination. 
Horse Owners! Use 
GOMBAULT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
A Safe Speedy and Positive Core 
The Safnt, Beat BLISTER ever used. Takes 
the place of all liniments for mild or severe action. 
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Horace 
and Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY 
OR FIRING- Impossible to produce scar or blemish. 
Every bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction 
Price 91.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or 
sent by express, c harter » paid, with full directions 
for its use. Send for descriptive circulars. 
THE LAWRENCE-W1LLIAMS CO., Cleveland O. 
McDOUGALL’S 
non-poisonous 
Sheep Dip and Cattle Dressing 
Scab Specific and Insect Exterminator 
on Sheep, Cattle, Horses, Goats, Dogs, 
Poultry, etc. Is a true specific for Scab ; 
exterminates all insects on all animals; 
protects from flies of all kinds; heals all 
sores and wounds; finely stimulates the 
growth of wool; ensures efficiency with per¬ 
fect safety. Free from ihe danger and in¬ 
jurious effects of poisonous dressings. 
Write for descriptive circular. 
F. PORTER THAYER & SON, 
54-56 Stone St., New York, Sole Agents for tbe U. S. 
(R. Vincrnt Ross, Manager.) 
Cows barren 3 years 
MADE TO BREED. 
PE* Moore Brothers, Albany, N. Y. 
nCATU TO I IPC on UENS and CHICKENS 
UlA I n IU LlUL M-puge book free. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, B. 1. 
» Vah Illicit to know how to raise CALVES 
TOU TTISn cheaply and successtully with¬ 
out milk, write to J. VV. BARWKLL. Wa"kegau. 11 . 
“lifINTEn ECRfi” is S little booklet 
ninlEK CtltlO that tells all about 
how to get cirga In winter. Tells also about the 
BANNER JUNIOR ROOT AND VEGETABLE CUTTER. 
Cuts all roots into poultry food fust, tine and cosy. 
Makes heus lav, broilers grow, ducks fat Booklet free. 
0. E. THOMPSON & SONS, YPSILANTI, MICH. 
Hand Bone, Shell, and 
. Corn Mills for Poultrymen. 
Daisy Bone Cutter. Power Mills. 
Circular and testimonials Free. 
WILSON BltOSs., Easton, Pu. 
LOTS OF EGGS 
winter, Rummer mid all the time* 
Properly fed, Green Cut Bone makes a steady 
layer of any hen. She will lay double the eggs. 
MANN’S NEW BONE CUTTER 
cuts It liner, fanter and easier than any other 
and they break less and last longer. We make 
A CLOVER CUTTER that actually 
cuta clover—no plaything. Also Mann’s Crystal 
Grit and Swinging Feed Trays. Catalogue Free, 
P. W. MANN CO., Box 15. Milford. Mass 
Which Was Created First— 
The Hen or the Egg ? 
Poultrymen may differ in their opin¬ 
ion as to this question, but all agree 
that green cut bone prepared by 
Webster & Hannum Bone Cutter will 
double the egg yield. Your ration 
should contain at least 20 per cent of 
green cut bone—not dried bone—for 
best results. 
We have not space here to tell you 
all the reasons why our bone cutters 
arc better than all others, hut w egitar- 
antee it to he so or return your money. 
Stearns Clover Cutters and Grit Crushers are 
the best and cheapest. 
Our booklet tells all about these machines and how 
to make poultry pay. Write to-day. 
E. C. STEARNS & CO., Box 20Syracuse, N. Y. 
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ 
Nothing Under the Sun 
will Make Hens Lay and keep them 
healthy conditlou all the year ’round like 
in 
♦ BANNER EGG FOOD 
: AND TONIC 
♦ Thousands can testify to iis excellent merits. 
♦ A trial will convince ycu 1 lb. can 25c-; 5 cans, 
♦ $1. For the month of November only, we 
^ will sell a 1-lb. can 15c or 7 cans !$1. Now 
A Is your chance to lay in a supply of this Food 
▲ and you will have plenty of Eggs when cold 
A weather comes. Our immense illustrated Cat- 
^ aloguefree. Address 
a Excelsior Wire and Poultry Supply Co., 
X 28 Vesey Street, New York City. 
♦ W. V. KUSS, Proprietor. 
♦ N.B. If sent by mail add ltlc. per can for postage. 
♦ When xoriUmj kindly mention this paper. 
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ 
Breeders’ Directory. 
C hoice Delaine and Black-Top Ewes and Rams for 
sale cheap. Smooth bodies; no wrinkles; all reg'd. 
Correspondence Invited. M.C.MulkiD, Friendship.N.T 
Large English Berkshires and Po¬ 
land Chinas. Pairs not akin. Pigs eight weeks 
old, $3 each. Sixty head: must sell. 
W. A. LOTHERS, Lack, Pa. 
"White Wyandottks Exclusively.— 
Write wants. Spencer’s Poultry Farm. Phenlx. R. I. 
For Sale. — Mammoth Bronze Tur¬ 
keys, $3. JOHN H. JANNEY. Brighton Md. 
Bronze Turkeys, one-eighth wild.— 
20-pound Toms. 13: 10 or less, *2; pure Bronze same 
price. Golden Wyandotte Cockerels II 10 *1.50each. 
CARSON & SONS, Rutland Ohio. 
Closing-Out Sale of Poland-China 
Swine, either sex and all ages. Young Boars for 
service a specialty. Address 
JAY HEATH, Cortland, N. Y. 
C HENANGO VALLEY 8TOCK FARMS, Greene, N. 
Y.—Dutch Belted and Jersey Cattle; Dorset and 
Rambonlllet Sheep; Poland-Cblna, Jersey Red and 
Suffolk Pigs; White and Bronze Turkeys. Peafowl* 
and Blooded Chickens. Seed Wheat, $2; Rye, II: 
best in the world; bags free. 
Cheshires, Oxford Sheep, Leghorns. 
Oxford Ram and Ewe Lambs, Ewes and Ewe Lambs, 
Registered and high grades. Also Rose and Single 
Comb White. Buff and Brown Leghorns. Cheshires. 
Boars for service, sows bred and pigs. 
HOMER J. BROWN. Harford, Cortland Co., N. Y 
Southdown Rams and Cheshire Boars 
for Sale. Four Yearling Southdown Rams, four 
Cheshire Boar Pigs and one yearling Cheshire Boar, 
all eligible for registry and all tit for service. 
H. C. WEBBER. Manager Long Meadows Farm, 
Baldwin8ville, N. Y 
GUERNSEYS. 
84 Cows averaged 399 pounds 
butter eacli in 1898. Some 
choice young stock for sale. 
ELLERSLIE STOCK FARM, 
RHINECLIFF. N. Y. 
Registered Jersey Cattle 
For Milk and Butter. 
R. F. SHANNON, i*07 Liberty St., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
HOLSTEINS 
FOR SALE. 
Heavy milking cows, line Heifers and richly-bred 
Bulls, ready for service, at very reasonable prices, 
high quality considered. Write now. state j st.what 
you want, to UKLLHUKST FARMS Mentor O. 
Sale of Guernseys. 
Registered stock of all ages, trom dams having un- 
nsual records. 8upt. Mahton Sager, Orangeville, Pa. 
HOLSTEIN BULL CALVES 
of the best breeding, from 3 to 10 months old. Chester 
Whites, smooth and growthy. Pamphlet free. Prices 
right CHAS. K. RECORD, Peterboro, N. Y 
Shetland Ponies 
Fon s^XjE. 
WATKINS FARM, Detroit. Mich. 
BLOODED LIVE STOCK 
Sheep —Oxfords.Shropshires.Soulh- 
downs. Fancy Poultry. Pigs— 
Berkshires. Poland-Chinas, Chester 
Whites, Yorkshires. Catalogue free. 
H. L. HOLMES, Harrisburg, Pa 
Poland hi as Berk- 
shires & Chester Whites. Choice 
Pigs, 8 weeks old. mated not 
akin. Bred sows and service 
Hoars cheap. Poultry. Write 
for hard times prices and free 
circular. Hamilton & Co.. Kosenvlck, Chester Co , Pa 
ClfKiTHf-flnt As our business prevents 
uiuoiug l/Ul Oiub prompt attention being given to 
our herd, we will close them out at private sale, at 
pork prices. F. H. GATES & SONS, Chittenango.N V. 
Cheshires from Foundation Herd. 
Spring and Fall Pigs; both sexes. 
E. W. DAVIS, Torrlngford, Conn. 
j HO BETTER-INCUBATORS 
I and none that hatch a greater percentage 
I of good eggs with less attention or at less 
j exi»ense. Our catalogue PRINTED IN 5 
LANGUAGES tells all about it—illustra- 
tions, descriptions and prices. Sent for 6c. 
( DK8 MOINES INCUBATOR CO., 
Box HO. Be* Moines, fa. 
Before you pay a cent. Hot Water or Hot Air 
Seud 4 cents for No. TA Catalog of valuable information and 
testimonials. BUCKEYE INCUBATOR CO., Springfield, Ohio. 
l'HK IMPROVUJ 
VICTOR Incubator 
Hatches Chicken, by Steam. AbwlaUly 
.elf- regulating. Tb* simplest, mut 
reliable, and cheapest flrst-clasa H ate has 
In the market. Circulars FREE. 
OEO. EKTEL CO.. QUINCY. ITT., 
HATCH CHICKEHS 
BY 8TEAM-witkti* 
simple, perfect, self-regulating 
EXCELSIOR I NCUBATOR 
Thousands in suooessfnl operation. 
Circulars fra* I I Lowest priced 1 it-olass hatcher mads. 
Bend 6c. for I GEO. H. BTAHL, 
Illus. Catalog. | 114 to 1 8. 6th 6t, Quincy, III. 
