862 
December 9 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
TICKS AS CA TTLE MEDICINE. 
The microbe causing Texas cattle- 
fever has been demonstrated to be a 
minute form of animal life, small 
enough to live within a red blood cor¬ 
puscle, upon the substance of which it 
feeds. Southern cattle, which are an¬ 
nually infested with cattle ticks, have 
the fever in a mild form, and soon be¬ 
come immune against all further at¬ 
tacks, but continue to carry the organ¬ 
ism in their blood, while in a state of 
perfect health. If cattle raised outside 
of the fever zone are inoculated with 
blood from these immune cattle, they 
soon have mild symptoms of the fever, 
which in turn immunizes them, and 
they can be pastured in entire safety in 
tick-infested fields. It is, however, often 
difficult to secure sufficient fresh blood 
from immune animals to inoculate 
large herds of cattle, and it is impossi¬ 
ble to transport the blood any consid¬ 
erable distance in safety, so the officials 
of the Louisiana Experiment Station, 
Baton Rouge, La., have been looking 
around for some substitute, and have 
hit upon the plan of using blood from 
the ticks themselves. Ine tick extracts 
blood from the animal to which it is at¬ 
tached, and the microbe of Texas fever 
accompanies the blood. 
It is found that ticks hatched from 
the eggs of such a tick are capable of 
transmitting the fever when they be¬ 
come attached to susceptible cattle. 
Ticks taken from native cattle, fully 
inflated with blood, are sterilized ex¬ 
ternally by washing with a weak solu¬ 
tion of bichloride of mercury, cleared of 
the mercury by washing in boiled 
water, mashed in a mortar, and then, 
after mixing with enough water to form 
a fluid pulp, injected under the skin of 
a susceptible animal. The result showed 
characteristic symptoms of the fever, 
and a prompt recovery. The blood of 
cattle treated with tick-pulp was capa¬ 
ble of transmitting the disease to sus¬ 
ceptible animals, proving beyond a 
doubt that the tick inoculation was 
successful. It is thought that the virus 
of Texas fever can be transmitted any¬ 
where, and kept for considerable 
periods by means of prepared tick-pulp. 
FEEDING VALUE OF CARROTS. 
What is the feeding value of carrots, as 
compared with beets or turnips? Is it safe 
to feed carrots to sheep that will lamb in 
March? What is the value of carrots, 
compared with corn, for feeding sheep and 
cows? s. w. F. 
Plainville, Mich. 
The following table shows the com¬ 
parative feeding value of carrots, sugar 
beets, turnips and corn ensilage: 
Dry Albumin- Carbo- 
Matter. oids. Hydrates. Fat. 
Per Ct. Per Ct. Per Ct. Per Ct. 
Carrots . 
15 
1.4 
12.5 
Sugar beets. 
19 
1.0 
16.7 
Turnips . 
8 
1.1 
6.1 
C. ensilage.. 
20 
1.1 
10.99 
It will be seen from this table of 
analyses 'that carrots compare very fa¬ 
vorably with sugar beets, turnips and 
corn ensilage. The carrot is highly 
prized by many as a stock food. It is 
highly relished by horses, and can be 
fed to other stock as well. Its value 
rests not so much on the amount of di¬ 
gestible nutrients which it contains, as 
upon the fact that it forms a succulent 
food, and is relished by stock very much 
as an apple is relished by a person. 
Carrots in reasonable quantity can be 
fed to sheep that will lamb in March, 
and only good will result therefrom. 
We have in the above table shown the 
comparative analysis of carrots and 
corn ensilage. The corn ensilage con¬ 
tains a higher per cent of dry matter, 
and also .contains a relatively higher 
per cent of carbohydrates and fat. Car¬ 
rots may be substituted for a part of the 
ensilage ration for either cows or sheep. 
Where no ensilage is available, then 
carrots can be used to advantage for a 
part of the ration fed to cows, horses, 
sheep or hogs. r.. a. c. 
A GOOD OLD HEN. 
Our old friend, 0. W. Mapes, is still 
studying the hen question. He has a 
hen called Old Speckle, which he is 
pushing for a record, after the style of 
the cowmen who push their cows to see 
how much milk and butter they can 
produce. Mr. Mapes has told the fol¬ 
lowing story in the Middletown Press. 
These notes were printed September 
20: 
“The laying of eggs is an instinctive 
effort of life to perpetuate its species. 
It is put forth spontaneously in the nat¬ 
ural breeding season. If her food con¬ 
tains all the elements necessary to make 
eggs and in the proper proportion, she 
cannot help laying eggs at such time of 
the year any more than she can help 
breathing. The broody fever is another 
instinctive effort of life to perpetuate its 
species. This effort is only put forth 
under homelike surroundings. All that 
it is necessary to do in order to break 
up a broody hen is to place her where 
she will feel like a cat in a strange gar¬ 
ret. This destroys the homelike sur¬ 
roundings, and the current of life is 
immediately turned to the production 
of eggs. Eggs are not formed singly, 
but in groups. When the broody hen 
lays her last egg her body contains a 
group of partially-developed eggs in size 
all the way from a full-sized yolk to the 
minute ova. If the hen is allowed to in¬ 
dulge her propensity to sit, this group 
of partially-developed eggs is reab¬ 
sorbed in the circulation except the 
small ova. 
“When the current of life is again 
turned toward the production of eggs 
she must have time for this whole group 
again to develop before she can lay an 
egg. This usually takes from two to 
three weeks. In my experiments with 
Old Speckle I have kept watch of her, 
and as soon as she shows any signs of 
becoming broody I hustle her off to a 
new pen, where the surroundings are 
entirely different from her old home. In 
this way I save all the time necessary 
for those small eggs to be atrophied 
and grow up again. The latter part of 
July she w r as broody, but I succeeded in 
making her lay seven eggs that week. 
She usually lays for two or three suc¬ 
cessive days and then skips a day. Her 
food contains everything needed to 
make eggs, as nearly as I am able to 
provide it. Corn is king of poultry 
foods, and she always has a dish of 
corn lying before her; in another dish 
I mix a food that is particularly rich in 
the elements deficient in the corn. This 
is nitrogen and mineral matter. The 
nitrogen I usually get in wheat bran or 
middlings, and the mineral matter by 
evaporating whey. When we speak of 
mineral matter the thought naturally 
turns to stones, ore, etc. The Creator, 
however, has not given the animal life 
the power to digest and assimilate such 
matter. This power is only given to 
vegetable life. After vegetable life has 
once taken up matter from the soil and 
combined it in organic forms, then ani¬ 
mal life can utilize it, and not before. 
The cow is a vegetarian, and extracts 
from her food everything necessary to 
make a perfect food for ber calf and se¬ 
cretes 'it in her milk. Practically all of 
the mineral matter is left in the whey 
of milk after the butter and cheese are 
extracted. This makes it one of the 
best sources of supply for what is lack¬ 
ing in corn and wheat bran. Insects, 
worms, etc., make the usual source of 
supply when the hen has free range. 
“Old Speckle, however, has been 
closely confined most of the time, and 
I trust to her instinct to guide her as 
to which dish she shall eat from. Only 
twice since October 15 last year has she 
missed giving me an egg for two con¬ 
secutive days. If she keeps it up at this 
rate for a year she is likely to “break 
the record.” Knowing as I do that a 
hen can lay 200 or more eggs in a year, 
that ber food costs less than $1 a year, 
that there is an unlimited demand for 
strictly fresh eggs, and that it is only 
one man’s work to feed and care for 
several thousand hens, is it any wonder 
that yours truly is an enthusiast as to 
the future possibilities of the poultry 
industry?” 
DISEASE FROM THE COW. 
A freight-handler died in a Brooklyn 
hospital a few days ago from anthrax or 
malignant pustule, probably contracted by 
handling hides in a vessel from a southern 
port, which he and others had been unload¬ 
ing. He noticed a small swelling on the 
neck, near the left jaw, on a Saturday night, 
and picked it with a pin. The neck and 
nearby glands soon began to swell. Ho 
came to the hospital on the following Alon- 
day in great pain, and almost in a state 
of collapse. By Tuesday night he died, 
after the upper part of the body had be¬ 
come swollen almost beyond recognition. 
An autopsy showed the tissues and organs 
packed full of the little rod-like bacilli 
known to be characteristic of anthrax. He 
had probably transferred some of the germs 
from a diseased hide to a slight abrasion 
on his neck, and thus infected the system. 
Anthrax is one of the most deadly dis¬ 
eases that can be communicated to man 
by animals, and is happily very rare in 
this country, being practically limited to 
cases of Infection from handling foreign 
hides, as the disease is almost unknown 
among our native cattle. It is danger 
ously common in some portions of Europe 
and South America, where at times it has 
caused a considerable loss in horned cattle. 
One of the earlier triumphs of the noted 
Prof. Pasteur, of France, was to identify 
the bacillus of anthrax and prepare cul¬ 
tures for inoculating healthy cattle, and 
thus render them immune from the dan¬ 
gerous effects of the disease, which has 
been successfully used for many years. He 
found that the anthrax bacillus, while of 
astonishing virulence in the blood of ani¬ 
mals having normal temperatures of about 
98 degrees, similar to that of man, could 
not exist in temperatures a few degrees 
higher; thus chickens and pigs, having 
natural temperatures of about 100 degrees, 
cannot be inoculated with anthrax, as the 
germ quickly perishes from the effects of 
this slight elevation. Thus we see the 
narrow life conditions under which the 
germs of many diseases must exist. 
With the exception of the dreadful and 
long-enduring disease of glanders, which 
has been communicated, in a few instances, 
from the horse to man, anthrax and rabies 
are the only dangerous diseases that are 
likely to be contracted from contact with 
domestic animals, though they have been 
accused of conveying almost all known in 
fectious diseases. Trichinosis, from eat¬ 
ing pork infected with trichina, is ex¬ 
tremely rare and, notwithstanding the 
great outcry against the danger of con¬ 
tracting tuberculosis from milk products, 
not a single case has been proven to have 
originated in this manner. 
My little girl, Julia, was taken with a Cough, and at 
times was prostrated with fever. I began administer¬ 
ing small doses of Jayne's Expectorant. Every time 
it gave relief and did its work satisfactorily —(Mr6.) 
E. N. WALLERIUS, Vermillion, Minn., Nov. 13,1895. 
For the Liver use Jayne’s Painless Banative Pills. 
—AA~. 
Horse Owners! Use 
GOMBAULT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
A Safe Speedy and Positive Cure 
The Safest, Kent BLISTER ever used. Takes 
the place of all liniments for mild or severe action. 
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Horses 
and Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY 
OR FIRING- Impossible to produce scar or blemish. 
Every bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction 
Price $1.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or 
sent by express, charges paid, with full directions 
for its use. Send for descriptive circulars. 
THE LAWRENCK-WILLIAMS CO.. Cleveland O. 
McDOUGALL’S 
non-poisonous 
Sheep Dip ^Cattle Dressing 
Scab Specific and Insect Exterminator 
on Sheep, Cattle, Horses, Goats, Dogs, 
Poultry, etc. Is a true specific for Sqab ; 
exterminates all insects on all animals; 
protects from flies of all kinds; heals all 
sores and wounds; finely stimulates the 
growth of wool; ensures efficiency with per¬ 
fect safety. Free from the danger and in¬ 
jurious effects of poisonous dressings. 
Write for descriptive circular. 
F. PORTER THAYER & SON, 
54-56 Slone St., New York, Sole Agents lor the U. S. 
(R. Vincent Ross, Manager.) 
EUREKA STEAM FEED 
P.nntfPRSaves H to K your 
U(JUIVCn c orn and other feed. 
Makes mouldy hay, straw- and 
corn stalks sweet and digestible. 
ENABLES YOU TO MAKE 
STOCK FOOD OF POTA¬ 
TOES AND NEARLY EV¬ 
ERYTHING RAISED. Made 
of heavy boiler steel. Tested 
to 100 lbs. hydraulic pres¬ 
sure. Only 500 for sale. Cash 
price, 821.50. Saves you at 
least 30 per cent. Order 
now. Write for FREE cat¬ 
alogue of Buggies, Cutters, 
Harnesses, Tank Heaters, _ 
Corn Shellers, Feed Cutters, Horse and other 
Powers, Washing and Sewing Machines, Household 
articles, <Sc. Write: CASH SUPPLY & MFG. CO., 
KALAMAZOO, MICH. 
Breeders’ Directory. 
Chester Swine, service boars. Collie 
Pups. Circular. PAINE, South Randolph, Vt. 
White Wyandotte Cockf.kels.— None better 
Write wants. Ralph Woodward, New Rochelle, N. Y 
White Wyajcdottes Exclusively.— 
Write wants. 8pencer’s Poultry Farm, Phenix, R. I. 
Wanted. —Buyers for recorded Ayr¬ 
shire Bull calves aud Shorpshire Ram lambs. Choice 
stock. Hillside Farm, Box 4(5, Gouverneur, N. Y. 
C HENANGO VALLEY STOCK FARMS, Greene, N. 
Y.—Dutch Belted and Jersey Cattle: Dorset and 
Rambouillet Sheep; Poland-Chtna, Jersey Red and 
Suffolk Pigs; White and Bronze Turkeys. Peafowls 
and Blooded Chickens. Seed Wheat, $2; Rye, $1; 
best in the world; bags free. 
HOLSTEINS 
FOR SALE. 
Heavy milking cows, fine Heifers and richly-bred 
Bulls, ready for service, at very reasonable prices 
high quality considered. Write NOW. state Just what 
you want, to DhLLHURST FARMS, Mentor. O. 
Registered Jersey Cattle 
For Milk and Butter. 
R. F. SHANNON. 907 Liberty St., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
HOLSTEIN BULL CALVES 
of the best breeding, from 3 to 10 months old. Chester 
Whites smooth and growthy Pamphlet free. Prices 
right CHAS. K. RECORD, Peterboro, N. Y 
Sale of Guernseys. 
Registered stock of all ages, from dams having un¬ 
usual records. Supt. Mahion Sager, Orangeville, Pa. 
BLOODED LIVE STOCK 
Sheep —Oxfords.Shropsliircs, South- 
downs. Fancy Poultry. Plg»— 
Bcrkshires, Poland-Cliinas, Chester 
Whites, Yorkshires. Catalogue free. 
H. L. HOLMES, Harrlaburg, Pa 
Reg Poland hmas.Berk- 
ires & Chester Whites. Choice 
Pigs, 8 weeks old, mated not 
akin. Bred sows and service 
Boars cheap. Poultry. Write 
for hard times prices and free 
circular. Hamilton & Co., Rosenvlck, Chester Co , Pa 
Hncintf Ollt *\5llP~ As our business prevents 
Ulujlllg-UUl. Julo prompt attention beinggiven to 
jur herd, we will close them out at private sale, at 
Extra Fine Cheshire Pigs. 
We have a few fine ones, 10 weeks old. 75 pounds 
ormore Catalogue free. Cheap to quick buyers. 
C. K. CHAPMAN, Peruville, N. Y. 
K 
LARGE 
NGLISU 
BERKSHIRES 
Send for Catalogue. 
C. FRED. BOBUART, LowvUle. N. Y. 
BRONZE TURKEYS 
from heavy set stock. Pairs not akin. 
Also Shropshire sheep and Chester 
White swine; tine stock a specialty. 
SIDNEY SPRAGUE, Falconer, N. Y. 
If You Wish 
to know how to raise CALVES 
cheaply and successfully with¬ 
out milk, write to J. W. BAR WELL, Waukegan Ill 
Cows barren 3 years 
MADE TO BREED. 
p™* Moore Brothers, Albany, N. Y. 
WOODWARD'S WATERING BASIN, 
t STABLE NECESSITY. BEE WHAT OTHERS SAY OK IT: 
Cirtul.r. Free. J. 8. WOODWARD A SON. LOCK PORT. S. ij 
COOK Your FEED and Save 
Half the Cost—with the 
PROFIT FARM BOILER 
With Dumping; Caldron. Emp¬ 
ties its kettle in one minute. The 
simplest ami best arrangement for 
cooking food for stock. Also make 
Dairy and Laundry Stoves, 
Water and Steam Jacket Ket¬ 
tles, Hoff Scalders, Caldrons, 
etc. (W~ Send for circulars. 
D. R. SPERRY & Co., Batavia. Ill. 
There is really only one cooker for 
the practical farmer — that is, if he 
wants the most economical in first 
cost, fuel and repairs ; the most dur¬ 
able, convenient and simple; the 
quickest in heating, and absolute full 
measure—that is the Heesen. If you 
don’t believe it, let us send you 
our booklet on what a feed cooker 
should be. IVe absolutely guar¬ 
antee satisfaction. Sev¬ 
en sizes—15 to 70 gals. 
Sold only direct from factory 
to farmers. 
HEESEN BROS. & CO., 
28 High St., Tecumseh, Mich. 
