1898 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
io3 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
(■CONTINUED.) 
of the fraud. Cases in Massachusetts 
courts similar to our own had been car¬ 
ried to the United States Supreme Court, 
and upon the decision of that court, 
rested the legality of the actions taken 
under our State laws. I think that most 
of the readers of The R. N.-Y. remem¬ 
ber with what flourish of trumpets and 
sounding of cymbals that decision was 
proclaimed to the citizens of our State. 
The Armour Packing Company had been 
beaten at every point, and the claims of 
the Department of Agriculture against 
them, amounting to nearly 81,700,000, 
would have to be paid. Yes, they had 
run the old fox into a hole. The ground 
had been critically examined and there 
were no means of escape. A short con¬ 
test with the railroad companies for ac¬ 
cess to their books, that a determination 
might be made as to the number of 
pounds of the fraudulent article which 
had been delivered in the State, was said 
to be the only obstacle in the way for a 
grand swoop of the 81,700,000. If I have 
been correctly informed, that obstacle 
was brushed aside. 
With the information which I have, 
and from my standpoint, I cannot see 
how any one who is interested in the agri¬ 
culture, or the people of our State, 
would, for a moment, entertain any prop¬ 
osition for a settlement less than the full 
amount of the claim. The statement has 
been made (and I think authoritatively) 
that the Armour Packing Co. has made 
a proposition to pay 820,000. If the com¬ 
pany pleads guilty of fraud to the 
amount of 820,000, and those who have 
the matter in charge have evidence that 
it is 81,700,000, it certainly must be in¬ 
cumbent upon some State official to col¬ 
lect it, and not to enter into any com¬ 
promise. In the sale of oleomargarine 
by the Armour Packing Co., the dairy¬ 
men of our State were robbed, and our 
people defrauded, and nothing but a 
clean, clear statement of the facts will 
satisfy. If the defendant were a pauper, 
the atmosphere surrounding this matter 
would not be so hazy. A secret com¬ 
promise must necessarily bear the seal 
of dishonesty. a. r. Eastman. 
DISHORNING BEEF CATTLE. 
It is now nearly 10 years since the dis¬ 
horning of cattle became, in any sense, 
popular. In order to learn how this 
operation is regarded by beef cattle 
growers, we sent the following questions 
to the large western beef packers : 
What proportion of the cattle that come to your 
yards are hornless ? Is dishorning practiced ex¬ 
tensively on the large ranges ? Does this opera¬ 
tion seem to be performed on the young calf, or 
are the horns removed after they have obtained 
some growth ? Do you find many cases where 
stubs or spurs have grown after the horns were 
removed ? In a general way, do you find that 
dishorning is a useful or necessary operation ; 
in other words, does it pay from the standpoint 
of. a handler of beef cattle ? 
The following answer given by the 
Armour Company is typical : 
It is quite likely that the larger pro¬ 
portion of dishorned cattle are raised in 
the feeder districts. The tendency now, 
though, is to send the comparatively 
young animals from the great ranges to 
the feeder districts, and develop them 
there. This, undoubtedly, results in the 
production of much better animals, and 
avoids the tendency to stunt, which is 
likely to occur if a young animal is win¬ 
tered on the ranges. For actual range 
purposes, an animal is, probably, better 
with the horns on, since it gives him 
more courage, or rather, more confidence 
in himself, and a better disposition to 
hustle for feed. It is, therefore, likely 
that most of the cattle are dishorned 
after they have obtained some growth. 
The practice of destroying the horn germ 
with acid is extensively carried on. The 
operation, however, at any stage does 
not seem a dangerous o: e. From our 
own observations, very few stubs or spurs 
are grown after the horn has been re¬ 
moved. As packers, we, probably, pay a 
little more for dishorned cattle. They 
always ship better, resulting in less 
bruising, and while the scratching of 
horns on the hides very rarely does any 
great damage, it is frequently discrimin¬ 
ated against by the hide buyers. The 
dressed carcass is, also, blemished, if any 
bruises occur. In the main, therefore, 
dishorned cattle dress much better. 
Where cattle are kept up, we should say, 
by all means, that the dishorning system 
is preferable for packing-house purposes. 
“INTENSIVE CULTURE " FOR HOGS. 
How can I handle four acres of land so as to 
get the greatest amount of hog feed from it ? 
Indiana. subscriber. 
This answer is based on the supposi¬ 
tion that the food to be used in fatten¬ 
ing the hogs will be grown outside of 
the four acres. For Indiana conditions, 
I don't know any better plan than the 
following: Divide the four acres into 
three equal parts. The first year, sow 
on No. 1, five pounds of Dwarf Essex 
rape seed early in the Spring. Sow along 
with the rape a heavy seeding of the 
Medium clover. In seven weeks from 
the time of sowing the rape, there would 
be an excellent pasture for the swine, 
and still later in the season, there would 
be a pasture of rape and clover mixed. 
The second year, this plot would pro¬ 
vide clover pasture until Autumn. Then 
sow it with rye. The third season, pas¬ 
ture the rye in the Spring, and follow 
with cow peas. Treat plots Nos. 2 and 3 
similarly, with the difference that some¬ 
thing different would have to be grown 
on plot No. 2 the first year, and on plot 
No. 3 the first and second years. This 
would be in order to start the rotation 
properly. It would be a three-year ro¬ 
tation. When once properly started, the 
plots would furnish rye, clover, rape and 
cow peas. The pigs could be changed 
from one to the other. The amount of 
pasture furnished would be immense, 
and the fertility of the land should vir¬ 
tually be maintained for almost any 
number of years through the growing 
of the clover and cow peas. Half the 
crops grown would be renovating crops. 
The seeding in each instance should be 
heavy to provide such forage. Of course, 
such a rotation would not answer on 
heavy clay land. It is intended to meet 
the conditions of a prairie soil. Many 
do not seem to know that rape furnishes 
an excellent pasture for swine. It may 
be sown at any time from Spring until 
the end of July, hence rape alone may 
be made to furnish pasture for swine all 
Summer from, say six or seven weeks 
after the opening of Spring until Au¬ 
tumn. PROF. THOMAS SHAW. 
Aphtha or Thrush of the Mouth in Young Sheep. 
My 130 lambs from 8 to 12 months old, were 
bought December 10, 1897, at the East St. Louis 
stock yards. I am feeding them clover hay and 
crushed corn, and occasionally some oats and 
bran. They have been healthy until a few days 
ago, I noticed one had a sore mouth, and on ex¬ 
amination, find that, in each corner of its mouth, 
on the edge of the lips, there are sores resembling 
the ordinary seed wart. At first, they do not seem 
very sore, but they continue to spread, until they 
go clear around the mouth, both on the upper 
and lower lips, and finally, get to be scabby sores. 
I have been applying pure carbolic acid. What 
is the trouble and a remedy ? What is the cause ? 
Is it contagious ? w. r. p. 
Illinois. 
The sores are due to a form of aphtha or thrush 
of the mouth. The lambs were, probably, affected 
when you purchased them. A malignant form 
of the aphtha becomes epidemic or contagious iu 
some cases, as appears to be the case in the pres¬ 
ent outbreak. Examine all of the lambs care¬ 
fully, and separate the healthy from the infested. 
Drench each lamb with two to three ounces (ac¬ 
cording to the size of the lainb) Epsom salts dis¬ 
solved in warm water. Cauterize the sores every 
other day by rubbing lightly with a stick of 
nitrate of silver. Then sponge the mouth two 
or three times daily with a saturated solution of 
borax or boracic acid. Place the following 
powder in troughs or boxes where the lambs can 
lick it at will: Chlorate of potash, four ounces; 
nitrate of potash, two ounces; common salt, one 
pound, mix. It will be well to give the unaffected 
lambs a quantity of these salts as a preventive. 
Discontinue the feeding of the corn to the sick 
lambs, and give them only the bran and oats for 
their grain ration. p. l. k. 
PEACHTREES 
at wholesale or retail. Officially declared free 
from scale or injurious insects. Rest stock 
? ;rown. Strawberry Plants —63 varieties; all 
rom new beds. Apple, Pear, Plum, and other 
stock. Send for new Catalogue to-day. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, Berlin, Md. 
Horse Owners Should Use 
GOMBATTIiT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
Hit GREAT FRENCH VETERINARY REMEDY 
A Safe, Speedy and 
POSITIVE CURE. 
Prepared 
exclusive¬ 
ly by J. B. 
GombaulS 
ex-Vetert* 
nary Sur¬ 
geon to 
the French 
Government 
Stud. 
SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY OR FIR1NO 
Impossible to produce any scar or blemish. The Safont 
be.t BLI8TCR ever used. Takes tho place of all lini¬ 
ments for mlldor severe action, Itcmnvcs allltunchci 
Or Blemishes from Horses or Cattle. 
As a HUMAN REMEDY, for Rheumatism, 
Sprains, Sore Throat, Etc., it is invaluable. 
WE GUARANTEE C A U ST IC "balsam' wCI 
produoe more actual results than a whole bottle of 
any liniment or spavin cure mixture ever made. 
Itvery bottle of Caustic Balsam sold is Warran¬ 
ted to give satisfaction. Price $ | .50 per bottle, Sold 
by Druggists, or sent by express, charges paid, with full 
directions for its use. Send for descriptive circulars, 
testimonials, etc. Address ' 
THE) LAWRENCE-WILLIAM 8 CO., Cleveland, O. 
j Plants 
I * and Trees. 
PEACH TREES (75 varieties); STRAW¬ 
BERRY PLANTS (50 varieties); PLUM 
TREES (Japan and European); APPLE 
TREES (100,000); Pear, Quince, Apricot 
and Cherry Trees. BLACKBERRY 
PLANTS grown from root cuttings. 
Raspberry Plants—a full list of Black, 
lied, and Yellow kinds; also a full line 
Q of Nursery Stock of every kind. Illus- 
tratedand Descriptive Catalogue free. 
« JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., 
« Village Nurseries, - Hightstown, N. J. 
*QQOOOQQOOQOO0C0G9900 
EASY TO TELL. 
One can easily tell why so many of our 
readers are ordering their fruit trees of 
Call’s Nurseries, when our leading hor¬ 
ticulturists and fruit growers write like 
the following. S. W. Knisely, of N. 
Robinson, O., writes: “The trees I re¬ 
ceived from S. W. Call, Perry, O., were the 
finest trees I ever saw come from any 
nursery.” H. C. Whitney, of Eaton, N. 
Y., writes : “ I can honestly say I never 
saw finer trees than I received from 
S. W. Call, Perry, O.” Stanford True- 
blood, of Denovia, la., says : “ The trees 
that I received from S. W. Call were as 
nice a lot of trees as I ever saw.” Call’s 
1898 Price List is now ready. Send for 
one. 
IFYOU WANT STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
WILL GROW 
SEMD YOUR NAME AND ADDRESS 
TO w. F. ALLEN JR 
SALISBURY. MD. 
„ AND HE WILL SEND YOU HIS 
f 32 PAGE STRAWBERRY CATALOGUE 
r CONTAINING 17LARGE NEWSTRAWBERRY 
r ILLUSTRATIONS,FREE-ALS0 SAMPLE COPY 
OF THE strawberry CULTURIST 
AND SMALL FRUIT GROWER ■ SEND NOW.IT WILL PAY YOU. 
NORTHERN PLANTERS 
should get our catalogue of tested 
varieties of Strawberries, Hnwp- 
berrlcH.rurrunt*, AMpnmgim.F'rult 
and Ornamental Trees, Seed Corn 
and Potntoe* Write to-day—free* 
Coe A Converse, No. 9, Fort AlkhiHon, WIs. 
OHdlRF.STRAWBERRIES 
UllUIUk FRESH DUC PLANTS. 
Nick Ohmeh, Margaret, Skakokd, Ruby, Carrie, Etc. 
•lou.ooo Clyde, 180,0110 Gl. n Mary, 400.000 Marshall Writ* f or efiti- 
mate on large lots. 100 varieties. CATALOGUE SENT FREE. 
C. A FLAiVSBl H(;il. LESLIE. MICHIGAN. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS"™ ELKS 
CLYDE, OLKN MARY, WM. BELT and 15IH- 
MAHCK. Catalogue free. 
ENOS W. DUNHAM, Stevensvillo, Mich. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
Circular free. 15. KING, Tewksbury, Mass. 
A PERFECT MARVEL. THE BEST' 
TOMATO IN THE WORLD and Just what' 
1 everyone wants. It is EXTRA early and bears 1 
i abundantly and continuously through tho entire 1 
i season. Tho fruit is bright red and of the finest 
flavor; tho plant Is distinguished from all 1 
others I5Y its tree form, standing erect and J 
requiring no support at all. No one who has a j 
garden should he without it. S 
F. B. Stokes, Franklin, Tenn., writes ; “I’ve tried f 
your Extra Early Tree Tomato the last two years ? 
and it’s the tinest variety I’ve ever grown or seen.” ? 
J. E. Saukford, Toecoa, Ga. says: “Your Extra 5 
Early Tree Tomato is simply “great.” It holds its § 
fruit upright without any staking.” i 
Beet, Dewing’s. Early round table variety. t 
Ituilinli, Scarlet Turnip. Extra early sort. 5 
JLefttie.es, Early Market. Fine for private use. \ 
t H'urnip, Snowball. A splendid table sort. C 
r We will send one packet each of the Tree Tomato, f 
g Beet, Radish, Lettuce and Turnip for only lOe. I 
\ CHOICE FLOWER SEEDS. 
? -6 those who do not wish Vegetable Seeds wo 5 
g will send onexmeket eneltof the folloieiny 5 
5 17 vurletien of Vlotver Seeds for lOe: 5 
t Asters, Finks, Antirrhinum, Mignonette, Poppies, F 
5 Alyssum, Zinnias, Nigella. Godetia, Pansy, Calen 3 
t dula, Petunias, Sweet William, Portulaca, Sweet S 
5 Peas, Calliopsis, Candytuft. J 
j SOME RARE GERMAN PANSIES, t 
S To those who wish Pansy Seeds we will send one > 
j packet eaeh of tho following rare Pansies for v 
» only lOe ; Beauty, fawn; Snow Queen, white; 5 
5 Blue Prince, blue; King of Yellows, yellow. Or for 5 
5 G cents in stamps we will send either a packet of s 
% the Extra Early Tree Tomato, or a largo packet of § 
5 our Star Mixed Pansy Seeds. Our Handsome Ulus- S 
5 trated Catalogue and 30 cent Certificate mailed « 
? with any of tho above. Mention this Paper. ? 
; U|V 9 Oft SEED GROWERS, f 
a I" AI & UU., ST. PAUL, MINN. 5 
A Good Horticultural Paper 
GIVEN FREE FOR ONE YEAR 
with every $2.00 order for fruit und Berry Plant**. 
All leading 1 varieties. Stock fully guaranteed. Our 
handsome calendar and descriptive catalogue sent free. 
R. J. Stahdin, Box 4 Bridgman, Mich. 
BERRY 
plants of all kinds; best plants; bottom 
prices. Lucretia Dewberry, $4 per M. Cat. 
free. Slaymakkr & Son, Dover, Del. 
6 BEST STRAWBERRY.— 6 plants of each 
(mail), for $1: Bismarck, Glen Mary, Carrie, 
Ridgeway, Wm. Bolt and NiekOhmer Catalogue 
free. T. C. KKVITT, Athenia, N. J. 
MY Cata¬ 
logue of 
100 varieties 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS CDCC 
0S E.J. HULL, Olyphant, Pa. I lll-L 
MUNGER 
| V I zooacres In plants. 
THE NEW RASPBERRY 
for “FANCY MARKET.” 
Money in it. Catalogue free. 
W. N. 8CARFF, New Carlisle,Ohio 
“ PEARL GOOSEBERRIES 
Free from Mildew, most Prolific Gooseberry Known. * 
Gooseberries, Raspberries, Strawberries, 
Currants, Blackberries, Grapes, Etc. 
nrUCIiDrn I am the largest grower in the world. 
It [III Lin Dili Oursoil Especially adapted for growing 
extra strong plants. Before buying get my prices. 
I can save you money. Catalogue Free. 
ALLEN L. WOOD, ROCHESTER. N. Y. 
Specialties at Baird’s Nursery. 
Peach trees by the 1,000 or car load, Japan Plums 
and Erie Blackberry plants from root cuttings. If 
you want to buy, our prices will Interest you. 
D. BAIRD & SON, Baird, Monmouth Co., N. J. 
Trooc anrf Plante - Bu y your trees South. Koonce 
lIGGo anu I I all to Pear, Wickson Plum, Horton 
Apple, Magnolias. Triumph, West, Mathew’s Beauty 
Peaches —the trio for market. No Scale; no Yellows. 
Cat. free. The Easterly Nurseries, Cleveland, Tenn. 
IOq. Dose, price list free. LEWIS K0L3C1I, Fredgnlv H. X. 
1,000 Peach Trees VZ CTi 
to 3 ft., mostly branched, with freight prepaid to any 
station east of Miss. River for $19: or 500 for $11. 
Sample prepaid, 25c. Other sized trees proportional 
prices. R. S. JOHNSTON, Box No. 4, Stockley. Del. 
TREES. 
Apple, Plum. Pear, Peach and Cherry, all in 
NURSERY How now; fresh dug, well packed and 
RIGHT in EVERY way. Get our catalogue before 
ordering, and you will learn how to save money. 
C. F. MACNAIR & CO.. Dansville, N. Y. 
JAPAN PLUMS 
Large stock of best 
varieties at lowest 
rates. Full assort¬ 
ment of Trees and 
Plants. Get our prices before ordering elsewhere. 
Catalogue free. Established 1369. 150 acres. The 
Geo. A Sweet Nursery Co., Box 1005, Dansville, N. Y. 
TRCCO and plants at very low prices. 
IuLLO Apple, Plum, Cherry, 5c. Peach, 3c. 
Cat. free. Reliance Nursery, Box 10, Geneva, N.Y. 
Door'll X KYY r \ c a specialty. Other 
I CCl v I I I I CC9 stock, too. Don’t 
buy without first seeing our catalogue. Send for it. 
W. M. PETERS, Wesley, Md. 
STANDARD VALUE 
Counts for more in tho selection of fruit 
trees than almost any other place. Why ? 
Because fruit trees are bought on faith. We 
have the standard kind of all the leading 
varieties.Fruifc Treea,Berry Plant**, 
Evergreen*, etc,, etc. Strong, healthy 
trees free from Black Knot, Yellows, 
Blight, 8cale, etc., etc. Do not place your 
spring order until you get our catalogue 
and prices. Sent firm', write to-day . 
J.W. MILLER CO.Box 2M,Freeport,III. 
..iiiiiimiuiin.iiiiinminiiminiiimi l |iiiii I ,| l |,i ll i m „n 
CAMPBELL’S EARLY Be Swallowed.' 
“First of all Grapes,” says Rural New-Yorker. Scaled 96 points In possible 100. “Will 
ship round tho world.’ Early or Late. Insist on our Seals and get what yon buy. 
Largest stock of other Grape Vines, Small Fruits. Elegant Catalogue FREE 
CEORCE S. JOSSELYN, FREDONIA, NEW YORK. 
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