1898 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
SCIENCE FROM THE STATIONS. 
REVIEWS OF IMPORTANT BULLETINS. 
Fertilizer Bulletins. —Fertilizer buyers should 
read Bulletin 124 of the New Jersey Station (New 
Brunswick), and Part II. of the annual report of 
the Connecticut Statiou (New Haven). These two 
bulletins give valuable information regarding 
fertilizers. They contain complete reports of the 
fertilizers sold in the two States, with the 
analyses carefully figured out, and the retail 
price compared with the actual valuation. They 
also give full descriptions of the various fertil¬ 
izer ingredients, and give figures as to their cost 
and value. No farmer in these times should 
attempt to buy fertilizer without first figuring 
the value of what he is getting for his money, 
and a study of these bulletins will show any 
farmer how to do this. Every year, as is well 
known, the directors and chemists of the experi¬ 
ment stations in Connecticut, Massachusetts, 
Rhode Island, Vermont and New Jersey meet to 
arrange a fair valuation for the fertilizer trade. 
This year, the schedule adopted is as follows : 
Cents per pound. 
Nitrogen in nitrates. H.O 
Nitrogen in ammonia salts. 13.5 
Organic nitrogen in dried and fine-ground 
fish, meat and blood, and in mixed fer¬ 
tilizers. H.O 
In castor pomace and cotton seed meal... 12.0 
In fine-ground bone and tankage. 13.5 
In medium bone and tankage. 11.0 
In coarse bone and tankage. 8.0 
In horn shavings, hair and coarse fish 
scrap. 3.0 
Phosphoric acid, soluble in water. 5.5 
Soluble in ammonium citrate. 5.5 
Insoluble in fine bone and tankage. 5.0 
Insoluble in medium bone and tankage.. 4.0 
Insoluble in coarse bone and tankage_ 2.5 
Insoluble in mixed fertilizers. 2.0 
Insoluble in fine-ground fish, cotton-seed 
meal, castor pomace and wood ashes.. 4.5 
Potash as muriate. 4.5 
Potash as sulphate and in forms free from 
muriates (or chlorides). 5.0 
In the New Jersey bulletin, the analyses are so 
arranged that a farmer can tell just how much 
of the nitrogen is derived from nitrates, and how 
much from organic matter, so that, when he ob¬ 
tains a guaranteed analysis from the manufac¬ 
turer, he can quickly tell how much he is getting 
for his money. These bulletins are standard 
publications, and ought to be in the hands of 
every fertilizer buyer who wants to buy to the 
best advantage. 
Best Potato Seed.— Bulletin No. 30, from the 
North Dakota Station (Fargo), records some in¬ 
teresting experiments made by Prof. H. L. Bolley, 
who, it will be remembered, was the first to make 
prominent the plan of soaking seed potatoes in 
corrosive sublimate to destroy the scab fungus. 
Prof. Bolley’s experiments go to show that the 
surest way to obtain strong and vigorous seed is 
to pick out the best hills iu the field before 
digging. Generally speaking, he has found that 
the appearance of the vine largely indicates the 
vigor of the seed; strong, healthy and vigorous 
vines usually produce tubers that will produce 
such vines. Also large and small tubers taken 
from such hills are of nearly equal value for 
seed. 
specimens of the Ladybird beetle from California, 
in the hope that this insect would feed on the 
scale. They might, possibly, have done so if they 
had lived, but the winter was too much for them, 
and in fact, we cannot expect them to thrive in 
our climate. 
Pure kerosene has proved fatal to the scale. In 
order to use it successfully, a new sprayer is 
needed. This should be a device working on the 
principle of a small atomizer, which will blow 
the kerosene in a fine spray or vapor over the 
tree. Too much of the kerosene would prove 
fatal to the tree, but the spray from a large 
atomizer would be harmless, and at the same 
time, probably kill the scale. Prof. Smith con¬ 
siders that September is the best time for apply¬ 
ing kerosene, as at that time, the scales are most 
liable to be hit. Prof. Smith’s views regarding 
legislation are well known. The New Jersey 
Station has discontinued the practice of giving 
certificates to nurserymen. Such certificates are 
likely to be misused, and are not reliable. He says 
that, in at least one case, infested stock has been 
sent out of the State bearing his certificate. As 
to the impossibility for any man to guarantee 
absolute freedom from the scale, Prof. Smith 
says: 
“Let us look at the matter a little closer, and 
see what giving a certificate of actual freedom 
involves. In one nursery in New Jersey, there 
are to-day something like 2,500,000 peach trees, of 
which 750,000 are ready for sale this year. Several 
other nurseries have from 250,000 to 500,000 trees 
ready for sale. Plant a conscientious entomol¬ 
ogist in a block of 500,000 trees, and require him 
to certify that no San Jose scale is present. As¬ 
sume that he can thoroughly examine one tree in 
one minute, which is a very violent assumption, 
and give him 10 working hours per day. That 
means that he will have examined-600 trees in one 
day, and will require over 800 working days be¬ 
fore he can say that no San Jos6scale is present. 
Compel him to certify, also, to yellows, rosette 
and other dangerous insects and plant diseases, 
and the absurdity becomes the greater.” 
That, certainly, seems to be reasonable, and 
ought to convince buyers that they must have 
some other guarantee than the mere printed cer¬ 
tificate of an entomologist. 
Dr. Hunter’s Book on the Lungs 
Progress of Medical Science. 
A little book published by Dr. Robert 
Hunter, of 117 West 45th Street, New 
York, gives all the latest discoveries and 
improvements in the theory and treat¬ 
ment of Asthma, Bronchitis, Catarrh, 
and Consumption, fully explaining their 
differences and their cure by medicated 
air inhalations. 
Dr. Hunter was the father and founder 
of the local treatment of the lungs by 
antiseptic medicated air inhalations, the 
inventor of the first inhaling instruments 
The tendency of the potato plant, to vary or 
run out, is very marked. Almost any potato field 
will show wide variations from what may be 
called the standard type of the variety. In fact, 
a fair proportion of the hills in any field will be 
inferior to the general type, and should not be 
used for seed purposes. When seed is taken 
from the bin and simply sorted out by size and 
shape, we are just as likely to obtain the product 
of inferior hills as we are to obtain that from the 
best hills. It is like breeding cows at random 
without knowing anything about their habits or 
pedigree. 
The only true way, according to Prof. Bolley, 
to improve a variety of potatoes, is by continued 
selection from the best hills, and keeping up this 
selection year after year, rejecting the poorer 
hills and saving only the best. In this bulletin, 
the old question about large and small tubers for 
seed is discussed' at some length, but the main 
feature of the bulletin and the most valuable 
one, is this idea that potato hills vary iu value 
for seeding purposes as much as the animals in 
a herd or Hock vary in their value as breeders. 
Sweet Ci.ovKit.—The Ohio Station, at Wooster, 
sends out a brief bulletin on Sweet clover (Meli- 
lotusalba). It seems that this plant has been 
regarded as a noxious weed, and placed in the 
list with Canada thistle, wild carrot or burdock. 
In fact, private lands have been entered to de¬ 
stroy this plant when growing for bee pasture. 
This clover grows spontaneously along roadsides, 
even in wheel ruts on abandoned roadways, in 
old brickyards, and in tramped or sodden ground 
everywhere. It belongs to the clover family, and 
is thus a valuable soil improver, and occupies 
lands that have become unfitted for a good 
growth of other forage plants. It is not, by any 
means, a weed, but a useful plant, therefore, it 
should be utilized and not outlawed. It will 
grow by the roadside and other places where the 
other clovers would die, and could be utilized for 
hay, pasture or green manuring. 
San Jose Scale.—So much is being said about 
the San Jose scale, that our readers will be glad 
to hear the latest facts from New Jersey. It was 
from this State that the insects were spread over 
the eastern half of the country, and i>robably, 
greater efforts have been made in New Jersey to 
stop the spread of the insect than anywhere else. 
Prof. J. B. Smith, in Bulletin 125, of the New 
Jersey Station (New Brunswick), tells how the 
insect may be controlled. He says that the scale 
is most active in dry, warm wea her. It does not 
like dampness or shade, and will die out in a 
cold or moist situation. Large trees with dense 
foliage are least troubled. In 1836, he brought 
ever employed for the cure of lung dis¬ 
eases, and the discoverer of the only 
germicide that cures Consumption by 
destroying the bacilli of tuberculosis in 
the lungs of the patient. Ilis treatment 
consists of healing and cleansing balms 
applied to the lungs three times a day by 
his inhaling instruments, the application 
of antiseptic oils to the chest, which sur¬ 
round the body with a zone of medicated 
air, and filling the chamber in which the 
patient sleeps with antiseptic vapors, 
thus keeping up a curative action on the 
lungs day and night. 
No other treatment in the world is so 
direct, pommon-sen.se and successful. 
Mrs. Milford Tones says : It gives me 
pleasure to give all the information I can 
concerning Dr. Hunter and the treatment. 
1 can truly say that with God’s blessing 
I am a living witness of its power to cure. 
My disease was of nearly three years’ 
standing; I had been treated by seven 
difTeient doctors, all pronouncing my 
case very serious, and some hopeless. I 
heard of Dr. Hunter and called on him 
as my last hope. He stated my case very 
clearly, saying there was a cavity in my 
light lung, which to me looked very 
dark. He told me he could cure me if I 
had patience, and would be faithful in 
the treatment, but that it would take a 
long time. 
I am now able to do my housework 
and work in the store. My friends can 
scarcely believe it possible for me to look 
and be so well, for they had expected to 
bury me long ago. 
I firmly believe if you are in a curable 
condition at all, Dr. Hunter can do it. I 
feel much interested in all sufferers of 
sucli a terrible disease. May God bless 
Di. Hunter s treatment to your cure. 
Your unknown, but sympathetic friend, 
Mrs. MILFORD JONES, 
Dover, Morris Co., N. J. 
Dr. Hunter’s Book contains many sim¬ 
ilar letters from prominent people who 
have been successfully treated. It will 
be sent free to The Rural New- Yorker 
readers by addressing him at 117 West 
45th Street, New York.— Adv. 
Vegetables 
can be raised at a profit, and 
the yield enlarged, if properly 
fertilized. Most fertilizers do 
do not contain enough 
Potash. 
Vegetables need plenty of poi 
ash — at least 10% — besides 
the phosphoric acid and nitro 
gen. 
Write for our hooks which tell all anon, 
fertilizers. They are free. 
GERMAN KALI WORKS, 
93 Nassau St.. New York. 
EVERY FARMER 
SHOUlXTT»^EAD 
tktai. ^by 
Card will bring you a 0 mail 
BRADLEY FERTILIZER C0.B0ST0N. 
SUCCESS 
with FertiLzers. 
To use fertilizer successfully and 
profitably a man must know 
what to use and what he does use. 
There is but one form in which 
nitrogen (“Ammonia”) is avail¬ 
able to plants as soon as it is ap¬ 
plied. This form is Nitrate* 
Any agricultural chemist will vouch for the 
truth of this statement. 
if the nitrogen in a fertilizer is 
not in the from of Nitrate it 
is not in the best form. 
You can. nave money by mixing your 
own fertilizers. By using Nitrate of 
Soda, instead of the insoluble forms of 
nitrogen usually employed, you can 
obtain the best possible results. 
Prpp A il-pago book, “Food for Plants.” Tells all about 
IlvC mixing and using fertilizers. Please ask for It. 
S. Mm HARRIS, 
1*. O. Address, Moreton Farm, Monroe Co., N. Y. 
FUN! 
Are you keeping cows \ 
for profit or for the 1 
fun of it ? In either \ 
case the faster ] 
your profits in-> 
crease the fun- \ 
nier it seems. 
Nothing can' 
place your dairy! 
on a profitable \ 
basis as quickly' 
and as perma-! 
nently as can aj 
Safety Hand 1 
Separator. 20! 
cows yield! 
greater returns \ 
with it than 25 without it. 
P. M. SHARPLES, 
! Dubuque, Iowa. West Chester, Pa. 
i Omaha, Neb. Elgin, Ill. 
erry Boxes 
Best Whitewood, 
@ $2. 5 0 1000. 
Send for New Catalogue, FREE, 
Peach and Grape Baskets. 
Melon Baskets. 
Self-oiling, 
Best Governed, 
Acknowledged 
to he the most ’ 
powerful and 
JL*durable made. 
ZfiJ We have every-' 
Fm, thing the farmer < 
“ needs in this line. 
Towers, 
Tanks and 
Pumps, 
Cutters, Grinders, 
Shelters, etc. 
UiyiPiNC D MILLS 
Catalogue, full of valuable [joints, free. 
Appleton Mfg- Co¬ 
st. BATAVIA, ILL.' 
People must have water, and will always pay 
liberally for good service of thU kind. For all 
kinds of drilling—water, gas or oil you will 
find STAR DRILLING MACHINES 
■ to be the most rapid und moat durable 
made. Are made on new and improved 
lines, and embody in their con struc- 
l tion the beat material and work- 
r manship procurable. Either steam 
| or horae power, and made in Dairen, 
s Star Drilling Machine Co. 
Ontalog free on application. AKK0N. O. or ST. i ons, no. 
WOOD 
SAWING 
MACHINES 
“Smalley” * “Battle Creek” 
patterns. Self and hand-feed Drag 
SnwH.SUto 3ijinch Oircnlar Machines- 
Bolting Mills and Horse Powers, 
SMALLEY MFCS. CO., ' 
Manitowoc. \Vis. 
Cider Machinery.—Send for catalogue to Boomer A 
Boschert Press Co.. 118 West Water St., Syracuse, N.Y 
FiArLjYE EFLS, 
CREAMERY 
STOCK 
DAIRY 
AND ALL OTHER 
are appreciating 
MEN 
dating 
THEJ‘CHARTER” 
dstationaries, Portables, &c. 
PROOF, by addressing 
Charter Gas Engine Co., Box 26, Sterling, III. 
THE PARKER 
STU.MjP PULLERS, 
Grubbing Machines, 
. , „ . Derricks, Holsts, But¬ 
ter Workers, Bread Kneaders and attachments are 
the best, and fully warranted. AGENTS WANTED. 
Send stamp for “CATALOGUE R.” Address 
THEJPARKER CO., 
205 SHEFFIELD AVE „ CHICAGO, ILL.. U. S. A 
POST’S'BffSAP SPOUTS 
SEE PRICES QUOTED BELOW. 
OIVB THE A IK THAI* 
More Sap —- ^ doesit - 
everyday for 
More Days and mako 
More Money 
No. 1 Length :>N ins. 
(Jenume luis signature 
on each label. 
for you 
than any 
other, and thero is a 
scientific reason for it 
explained in our Free 
Catalog or with samples v „ , , 
of each 5c. 200 delivered at anv R. R. station 
No. 2, igth. 2% ins. M A 
No. 1, *2.15; 
No. 2, $2 per 
100 . 
AGENTS 
_ WANTED. 
C. STELLE, 81 Fifth Avenue, BROOKLYN. N Y. 
WIIwI*IS 
PAT'D 1831 
Will 
not 
break 
Send fo. 
circular 
1 SAP SPOUT. 
^ In one piece with hook, lland- 
... Homely made from tinned mal- 
leable iron. 8 ar superior to all others, 
-bull line of other Maple Sugar Goods. 
CHARLES MILLAR A- SON, IITICA, N. * 
Maple Evaporators. 
M08T n ?URABLE, MOST ECONOMICAL, 
CHEAPEST. Manufactured by 
McLANE & SGHANCK, Linesville. Pa. 
TRUTH ABOUT BEES 
and all about the production, handling 
an( l marketing of hon ey as taught In 
Gleaning, in Boo Culture. 
It is a handsomely Illustrated magazine devoted to 
the A|)iarv in its entirety. Sample copy iliiiI Book 
on Bee Culture and Book on Bee Supplies, sent FREE to 
all who mention the name of this paper when writing 
THE A. I. ROOT CO., MEDINA, OHIO. 
WE SELL DIRECT TO FARMERS 
Pure Raw Sf !“'It '««*• 
*•**»-= ill rss 
f&iW., — sgs 1 ^ as “ 
Tobacco Special “ * “ 6 to 7 33.00 «• 
N &C0. Herr’s isiand, PjmburgV., 
