1898 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
.WHAT SIZE FOR JERSEY COWS? 
Which do you prefer—big or little 
Jersey cows ? That question is often 
discussed among dairymen. In a recent 
Jersey Bulletin, Mr. A. Baker says : 
nip: and little are relative terms. A big Jersey 
would make but a little Short-horn, and a Jersey 
cow as big as a good-sized Holstein would be a 
monstrosity and, most likely, worthless. The 
Jersey is, by long inheritance, a small breed. Size 
has come to be one Of the fixed marks of the breed. 
But within the limits of normal size, there is a 
difference of as much as 400 pounds, or more 
than one-third, in Jersey cows. Some barely go 
over 600 pounds, while others weigh as high as 
1,100 or even 1,300 pounds. The bulk of the breed, 
however, keeps to the happy medium. 
Few people look for great size in a 
Jersey cow. “Quality”, or the ability 
to make butter out of grain and fodder, 
is her specialty. If a farmer desired a 
big butter cow, he would do better to 
breed medium-sized Guernseys instead 
of overgrown Jerseys. A good type of 
a business .Jersey is shown on page 139. 
She is owned by Irving F. Rich, of Cort¬ 
land County, N. Y. She is registered, 
“ Diana of the Oaks ” 72622. Her record 
for last June was 51 pounds 14 ounces of 
butter, besides supplying the family with 
milk. The five-year-old boy who is lead¬ 
ing the cow is, also, of good stock. It is 
a good thing to let such little chaps be¬ 
come familiar with the stock. At Hope 
Farm, we often let the “ graft ” lead the 
cow and the horses about. 
“ Diana ” is a business cow. She has 
to help earn the family living. As Mr. 
Rich writes : 
We are much interested in Hope Farm Notes, 
as we fancy that we are situated much alike, 
and have experienced the same failures and 
difficulties. But we feel that we are, somehow, 
outgrowing or overcoming some of the obstacles, 
and we think that our improvement is largely 
due to The R. N.-Y. and experience. 
One thing is sure, it pays a man who is 
starting out at farming to take good, 
stock for the foundation of his herd. Cow. 
hog or poultry—it pays to start right. 
THE JERSEY COW. 
[Read at the meeting of the New York State 
Breeders by Valancey E. Fuller.] 
The Jersey cow is a true representative 
of a high class of dairy animal. Breed is 
the creation of feed and care, and there 
is no question whatever that the Jersey 
cow is, of herself, a living example of 
the force of brain over matter. By that 
I mean that the Jersey cow. as she stands 
to-day is, in every essential, far in ad¬ 
vance of what she was 10 or 15 years 
ago. In former years, the Jersey cow 
was looked upon as a delicate creature, 
and not fit for the every-day dairy. To¬ 
day, we find that the man who is looking 
for the cow which will produce the great¬ 
est quantity of butter, cheese and high- 
class milk that will sell readily through¬ 
out the country, is using this little, weak 
cow, not the rich man's pet, but the poor 
man’s friend and the mortgage-lifter. 
How has she received this recognition? 
I claim that she has done it through 
sheer force of merit. There are elements 
which enter into the success of any line 
of breed, and the greatest and most essen¬ 
tial element is prepotency—the power to 
impress upon the offspring the qualities 
that the ancestors possess. The force of 
breed and care is the power to give that 
element. The Jersey, on the Island of 
Jersey, has kept this breed power for 
400 years. 
On the Island of Jersey, we have our 
agent. Before the animal is allowed to 
leave the Island, the agent brands a num¬ 
ber upon the hoof or the horn, by which 
he describes her. A chain is, also, placed 
around her neck and fastened with a 
padlock, and upon this chain is a tag 
with the same number as the one branded 
upon the hoof or horn. Upon arriving 
in this country, she is detained in quar¬ 
antine for three months. During that 
time, the description of the animal is 
sent to us by our agent there, and some 
member of the club, usually myself, will 
go to the animal in quarantine, and with 
a key, which is a duplicate of the one in 
possession of our agent on the Island of 
Jersey, we unfasten the padlock and re¬ 
move the chain from the animal’s neck. 
By comparing the description sent us by 
our agent, with the animal received, we 
know that she is the animal sent from 
the Island of Jersey ; thus every precau¬ 
tion is taken to procure from the Island 
of Jersey the very identical animal 
shipped to us. 
Breeders fully realize the value of the 
power of prepotency. You find phenome¬ 
nal animals. Those animals are the re¬ 
sult of artificial breeding, but, at the 
same time, we have among the Jerseys, 
families of Jerseys which are essentially 
prepotent, and also, certain individuals 
that are especially prepotent. There is 
no question whatever as to the prepo¬ 
tency. 
About 30 years ago, in 1868, the Amer¬ 
ican Jersey Cattle Club was organized by 
a few gentlemen who resided in Phila¬ 
delphia, Baltimore and Connecticut. 
They, at that time, established a herd 
record for the purpose of introducing - 
and improving the breed of Jersey cat¬ 
tle in America. Since that time, we 
have registered 50,000 bulls and 128,750 
cows, making a total of 178,850 cattle. 
This has a very important bearing upon 
the future of the Jersey cow. The Club 
is noted for its accuracy in recording 
pedigrees, every means in their power 
being taken to maintain the purity of 
the breed from taint and fraud. This is 
the only association which keeps a man 
ready at all times to make investigation 
into fraud or irregularity. At least 20 
per cent of the cattle in this country are 
absolutely pure, but unregistered. This 
proclaims the fact that the Jersey cow 
lias overcome the prejudices that existed 
against her in her early ancestry. There 
is no question whatever that, in Un¬ 
economic production of milk, of butter 
and of cheese, the .Jersey cow stands to¬ 
day without a peer in this country. 
The tendency which the Jersey cow 
has for the continuity of milk enables- 
her to make a profit for her owner, not 
only during the first six months, but 
during the entire period of lactation. 
With the ordinary cow, while she may 
make a profit during the first six months, 
yet during the second six months, the 
food which should be used in making 
profit throug’h the pail is stored up in 
flesh at a loss to the owner. The ordi¬ 
nary dairy cow does not give 3,000 pounds 
of milk or 150 pounds of butter per year. 
You cannot comlfine in the dairy cow 
the general-purpose cow. The moment 
you cease to have the cow convert her 
food into milk to go into the pail and to 
put it upon her back, then she ceases to 
be a dairy cow. The profitable dairy 
cow is the cow which, in the last period 
of lactation, continues to make herself 
a profit, and there is no cow in the world 
to-day that has the same degree in the 
continuity of milk that the Jersey cow 
has. 
The Jersey cow has been sneered at 
and is described as being a lean, weak 
animal that the wind would blow through, 
with razor withers and hip bones upon 
which you can hang your hat. I want 
such an animal—give me the razor withers 
and let me hang my hat on her hip hones. 
The Jersey cow has in herself a latent 
nervous force—that power to do certain 
work which, in another cow, would fail. 
This force enables the Jersey cow to 
fight and live in case of disease, where a 
less hardy cow would die. The nerve 
force of the dairy cow to give from 4,000 
to 6,000 pounds of milk, and from 300 to 
500 pounds of butter per year, is the 
force which gives the longevity to the 
Jerseys. 
The most profitable cow, either for 
beef or butter or milk, is the cow which 
has the ability to respond to feed and 
care. The time to fix the natural tend¬ 
ency in any cow is before she is born. 
The condition the mother is in in that 
period produces an animal with a certain 
tendency which can either be improved, 
or fall back to original characteristics. 
We have in the Jersey cow to-day an 
animal which is capable of, and which 
does, respond to the care and feed which 
is given her. The Jerseys can stand 
more feed than it is usually thought pos¬ 
sible they can take care of. 
Sufferers from Coughs, Sore Throat, etc., 
should be constantly supplied with “ Brown's 
Bronchial Troches." Avoid imitations.— Adv. 
FARM UPRIGHT and HORIZONTAL 
engines! 
From 3 H.P. 
Upward. 
WITH STEEL BOILERS 1 
Specially adapted and largely 
need for driving Grinding 
Hi 11% Feed Cutters, Wood 
8aws, 'Corn 8hellers, Hairy, 
Machinery, Saw Mills, Etc. 
Send for pamphlet and state 
size power wanted. 
JAMES LEFFEL & CO, Box 1308 Springfield,0 
Cider Machinery.—Send for catalogue to Boomer X 
Boschert Press Co., 118 West Water St,, Syracuse. N.Y 
WOOD 
SAWING 
MACHINES 
“Smalley”* “Battle Creek” 
patterns. Self and hand-feed I)rag 
20to 36 inch Circular Machines 
.Bolting Mills and Horse Powers* 
SJIALL.EY MFG. CO., ' 
Manitowoc, Wifi. 
IT IS VERY AMUSING 
To see how disparagingly “ would-be competitors ” speak and write 
of the value of Experiment Station tests of Cream Separators, when 
the tests show, as they do, that the Improved United States Separators 
do better and more thorough separation than any others. Before 
the Improved United States Separators came on the market, and the 
“would-be competitors” had some records, but not so good or so 
many as the Improved United Suites Separators have, they esteemed 
them very highly and advertised them with a great "flourish of 
trumpets. Now that the Improved United States Separator beats 
them so much they strive to make dairymen believe there is no value 
to Experiment Station records because the “ would-hes ” are beaten. 
Examine the Records, some of which we give below: 
Maine, 
Vermont, 
New Hampshire, 
Massachusetts, 
Illinois, 
Ohio, 
Feb. 2 .0.03 
“ 9.0.04 
Jan. 13 . 0.01 
“ 28 . 0.02 
“ 29 .0.03 
“ 3°.0.04 
Feb. 18 .0.01 
“ 19.0.04 
Feb. to .0.01 
“ 12 .0.03 
Mar. 12 .0.01 
“ 15 .0.005 
Jan. 15 .0.02 
Feb. 2 .0.00 
“ 15 . 0.02 
18 tests not over. 0.05 
Cornell, In 23 tests, Jan. 7 to Mar. 18 , 
9 showed only.Trace 
„„ , >4 “ “ .0.03 to 0.05 
Wisconsin, Jan. 4 .0.03 
“ 5 . 0.02 
_ , , “21 .0.03 
South Carolina, April 23 . 0.04 
“ 24 .0.05 
“ 30 .0.04 
Michigan, Mar. 10 .0.05 
“ 10 .0.05 
.. . , May 19 . 0.06 
Nebraska, Jan., 1897 , to Mar., 1897 .0.05 
Minnesota, June, 1897 , 0.03 0.03 0.02 
Average of 9 runs .0.05 
THE IMPROVED UNITED STATES SEPARATORS are taking the 
lead in all dairy sections, and this is what makes the “would-be com¬ 
petitors ” writhe so and talk against Experiment Station Records. 
Send for catalogues, they are furnished free. 
VERMONT FARM MACHINE COMPANY, Bellows Falls, Vermont. 
? Quinn’s Ointment j 
is a boon to suffering 1 
horseflesh andyield- 
er of profit to man. 
Itcuresall diseases 
of the legs and feet, 
making lame horses 1 
sound, thus convert-| 
ing loss into profit. 
All Druggists 
Sell It . 
If l>y chance you should not find it| 
I there we’ll mail you package for $1.50. 
Smaller size 50 cents. 
W, B. EDDY Sc CO., 
WHITEHALL, N.Y. 
Save * Cows 
General Cow Drink on hand is cheap insur¬ 
ance. 50c. each; $5.00 doz. Circular free. 
MOORE BROS., Veterinarians, 
Albany, N. Y. 
Newton’s PAW rriT 
Improved vtv IT A AAV 
Holds them firmly, draws 
them forward when lying 
down, pushes back when 
standing, gives freedom 
of head,keeps them clean 
E. C. NEWTON CO. 
Batavia.Ill. Cataloguo Free 
^SEE THAT HOOK? 
WITH THE 
IMPROVED 
CONVEX 
Y ou can cut off H ET U A PMC D 
any sbe, shape, l/fenWHIlCn 
or kind of horn without crushing No othei 
dehorner will do this Cataloguo free. 
WEBSTER & DICKINSON. Christiana, Pa. 
POST'S 1 ?!,“SAP SPOUTS 
SEE PRICES QUOTED BELOW. 
GIVB THE AIR TRAP 
More Sap —-®* 
everyday for^ 
More Days 
Mnrp MnnPi/ for y°"I no.i. Length2Xi„ s . 
lYlUIC ItIUllCj than any I Genuine has signature 
other, and there ij a" 
scientific reason for it 
explained in our Free 
Catalog or with samples yn each label. 
of each f,c. 200 delivered at anv R. R. station. 
No. 2 , lgth. 2% ins. ^ A ^ No. 1, *2.15: 
No. 2, *2 per 
100 . 
AGENTS 
WANTED. 
C. C. STEHLE, 81 Fifth Avenue, BROOKLYN. N Y. 
WILLIS 
SAP SPOUT. 
In one piece with hook. Hand- 
somely made from tinned mal- 
fleable iron. Far superior to all others. 
Full line of other Maple Sugar Goods. 
CHARLES MILLAR &, SON, UTICA, N. F- 
Will 
not 
break 
Send 
circular, 
M oney moneys 
ia the theme of Gleanings in Bee Culture. A 
handsomely Illustrated Monthly Magazinedevot 
ed to Apiculture. Free sample, together with 
Book on Bee Supplies and Book on Bee Culture to 
all who mention this paper when writing. 
THE A. I. ROOT CO., - MEDINA. OHIO. 
A Good Wagon 
begins with good wheels. Unless 
the wheels nre good the wagon Is 
a failure. IF YOU BUY THE 
ELECTRIC STEEL WHEEL 
made to fit any wagon—your wagon 
will always have good wheels. Can’t 
dry nut or rot. No loose tires. Any 
height, anv width tire. Catalog free. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO. 
BnxHS QUINCY, ILL. 
NEWTON’S 
LATEST IMPROVED 
DEHORNERS 
Save time and money by dehorning 
your cattle. Write us for special 
information on the subject. 
H. H. BROWN MFG. CO. 
DRCATUR, ILL. 
For a knife that will out a horn without I 
crushing, because it outs from four , 
— - - sides at onco get 
THE KEYSTONE 
nDEHORNERn 
It is humane, rapid and durable. Fully - 
warranted. Highest award at World’s • 
faib. Descriptive circulars FREE, i 
A. C. BROSIUS, Cochranvilie, Pa, A 
A FARM WAQ0N 
F 0R $|8°? 
SEND 
For 
CIRCULARS 
Farmers ^ 
Handywason Co 
Saginaw Mich 
SMOKE YOUR MEAT WITH 
WWUSERS LIQUID EXTRACTof SMOKE 
Circular. E. KRAUSER & BRO. MllJON. PA. 
RUOOY ls made; 
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Norway irons. Axles, steel, doublecollar.! 
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ill,,Straw,I Spring Catalogue * 
Oak-tanned leather Harness 
Send your »ddre». with r-cent it.mp for Illustrated Catslorw. 
, *inds of Single «nd Double Custom-Made Harness, sold direct to 
the consumer at wholesale prices. WE CAN SAVE YOU MONEY 
KING HARNESS C0„ No p Church St., Owcgo, INT.Y. 
YOU WANT A JOB 
SELL AT SIGHT 
SEND 
