1898 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
i5i 
A BASKET OF FRUIT NOTES. 
QUESTIONS, SUGGESTIONS, HINTS. 
What Apples for Market Orchard. —I wish to 
set out an apple orchard of 1,000 trees for market 
purposes. What is a good list of winter apples, 
late keepers, and of deep red color ? I have 
made out my list, as far as it goes, with Bald¬ 
wins, Ben Davis, Northern Spy, Jonathan, York 
Imperial, Lady Sweet, Wolf River, Wealthy and 
Sutton Beauty. What is your opinion as regards 
my choice ? I expect to set part of my orchard 
in ground that is rocky and stony, and full of 
bushes. I intend to dig a large hole for the tree, 
and to put a wire screen around each tree to keep 
my sheep from gnawing the bark, and intend to 
let the sheep run all through the orchard to keep 
the bushes from sprouting. What do you think 
of this plan ? L. J. h. 
Highland, N. Y. 
Ans.— The list of varieties given is 
very good, except that Wolf River and 
Wealthy are not Winter varieties in New 
York. It would be my advice to plant 
those varieties that come into hearing 
late, fully 50 feet apart, and put those 
that bear earlier between them, to be 
cut out when they crowd. It will be 
practicable to plant the rocky ground as 
intended, and pasture it with sheep, pro¬ 
vided enough sheep are kept on the land 
to keep the grass down so low that it 
cannot rob the soil of its moisture to any 
great extent, and fed well besides. These 
are most important points, for there must 
be a larger number of sheep than the 
pasture will properly sustain, and the 
extra feed will keep adding to the fertil¬ 
ity of the soil more than is taken off by 
pasturing. This method of orchard treat¬ 
ment is a dangerous one in most hands ; 
but, if rightly followed, it will do in some 
such cases as this, where the land is very 
rocky. h. e. v. d. 
Varieties in a 1,000-Tree Apple Orchard.—I 
have a bearing apple orchard of 1,000 trees, most¬ 
ly Baldwin, King, Spy, It. I. Greening and New¬ 
town Pippin. Six or eight years ago, I bought of 
a Lock port, N. Y., nurseryman trees guaranteed 
to be Ben Davis, but as they have coine into bear¬ 
ing, they prove to be, as I think, Maiden Blush 
and Pewaukee. There are from 50 to 100 of them. 
Fall apples do not sell readily with me. The trees 
are strong and thrifty. 1. Shall I keep them as 
they are, or graft to Baldwin and Northern Spy, 
as I had intended to do, or shall I graft to York 
Imperial or Sutton Beauty ? If so, which of the 
two is better ? Are these varieties as hardy as 
Baldwin ? 2. What is your ojnniou of the Pe¬ 
waukee? 3. I am much troubled with the scab; 
is Sutton Beauty less affected than York Imper¬ 
ial ? 4. If you advise one of these kinds, where 
can I get scions true to name and free from any 
scale or bad insect pest, at reasonable price ? 5. 
From the same nurseryman, 10 years ago, I 
bought 100 Northern Spy trees, with a guarantee 
of their being true to name. One-half of them 
prove to be the Mann apple, and are now quite 
large trees, although some of them have badly 
winter-killed in the past two or three years, and 
a portion of them is dead. They are mixed in 
with the Spy. Should I graft to Spy, or let them 
remain as they are ? 6 . Have I a case for dam¬ 
ages against the nurseryman ? My guarantees 
are lost. I have been away from home for sev¬ 
eral years, and returned to find the trees as I 
have written. O. 8. F. 
Mayville, N. Y. 
Ans. —1. Maiden Blush and Pewaukee 
are not likely to be valuable varieties 
for New York, although the former does 
sometimes, and in some localities, prove 
profitable. It would, perhaps, be wise 
to graft all the Pewaukee trees and, at 
least a part of the Maiden Blush, to 
York Imperial, Sutton and Jonathan. 
All of these are only under trial as yet 
in New York, but they promise well. 
Sutton may be the best of the three, but 
this is not certain, although it has been 
tried the most extensively, therefore 
has the most good words said of it. 
2. Pewaukee is a seedling of Wisconsin 
origin, and is prized for its hardiness. In 
that climate, it is an early Winter vari¬ 
ety. Its quality is rather poor every¬ 
where, and there is no good reason for 
growing it anywhere except where bet¬ 
ter varieties are tender. 
3. I do not think there has been enough 
experience with the Sutton and York 
Imperial in comparison with each other 
to warrant any opinion of their relative 
ability to repel the germs of the scab 
fungus. 
4. Almost any of the large nurseries 
ought to be able to supply scions of these 
varieties. The experiment station at 
Geneva can certainly do so in a small 
way. 
5. It would seem wise to graft the few 
apple trees among the Northern Spy 
trees to that variety, as the latter is, cer¬ 
tainly, the better of the two. 
6. As the guarantees have been lost, 
there would be no evidence upon which 
to base a damage suit, except in case of 
a verbal guarantee which can be proved 
beyond a doubt. h. e. v. d. 
Plums for Maine. —We have a wild plum here 
which some people call the Horse plum, and 
others call Plum Granate, as near as I can 
understand. It grows in wet places, and some 
people graft cultivated plums on it, but the 
scions grow faster than the stock. 1. Can you 
tell from this meager description what it is ? 2. 
Would it be better to bud it than to graft very 
close to the ground so that the joint could be 
covered? 3. How many years ought it to be set 
before grafting? 4. Does Reine Claude do better 
top-worked on Lombard ? 5. What varieties 
would you recommend for a deep, sandy loam ? 
6. Is there any difference between German Prune 
and York State Prune ? 7. Are the above plums 
hardy enough for Maine ? f. h. 
Maine. 
Ans.—1. This is, perhaps, one of the 
native wild species of the plum, and not 
the cultivated variety that is generally 
called the Horse plum, and which is a 
freestone variety of inferior to fair qual¬ 
ity and size. 
2. Budding would be no better than 
grafting, so far as the inequality of the 
size of the stock and graft is concerned. 
I f grafted so close to the root that a part 
of the graft was covered by the earth, 
roots would soon be thrown out above the 
graft, and the tree would not be entirely 
upon the roots of the original stock. 
3. I am not sure that it would be ad¬ 
visable to use this wild plum for a stock, 
but, if I tried it, I would have the stocks 
growing one year in the nursery or or¬ 
chard before grafting. 
4. I can see no benefit in working Reine 
Claude on Lombard, but others may do 
so with profit. 
5. A deep, sandy loam ought to be 
good for any varieties of the plum that 
are a success in the climate of Maine. 
6. York State Prune is a variety of the 
German type that is said to have origi¬ 
nated in a certain German settlement 
in western New York, and I find on re¬ 
cent, close inquiry that it is thought by 
some good fruitmen to be better than 
the common variety going under the 
name, German Prune. 
7. I have seen all of the above named 
varieties doing very well in southwestern 
Maine, but how much farther north they 
would succeed, I do not know. h. e. v. d. 
Cupid breaks his 
bow at the sight of 
a face full of pim¬ 
ples and blotches. 
Hollow cheeks, 
sunken eyes, and a 
sallow complexion 
will defy his best 
intentions. Beauty 
is more than skin 
deep. The skin is 
merely the surface 
on which is written 
in plain characters 
the condition of the 
body. The skin is 
not a thing by itself, 
and skin diseases are frequently not skin 
diseases at all. All the lotions and bleaches 
and creams and powders in the world won’t 
make a good complexion if the digestion is 
wrong. If the stomach is sour, and the 
liver torpid, and the bowels constipated, 
the skin will show it No use trying to 
treat the skin for such a condition. The 
only way to relieve it is to cleanse the sys¬ 
tem and purify the blood. As long as the 
heart is pumping impurities to every part 
of the body, just so long these impurities 
will show through the skin. 
Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery 
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digestion strong and clears out impurities 
of all kinds. By increasing the ability to 
assimilate nutritious food, and by the in¬ 
fusion of its own ingredients, it enriches 
the blood and so makes solid, healthy flesh. 
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health. Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Dis¬ 
covery will positively cure you, if suffering 
from diseases named above. • 
If you want to know hundreds of great 
medical truths, send 21 one-cent stamps to 
cover cost of mailing o?ily, and we will 
send you free a copy of Dr. Pierce’s 1008 
page book, “Common Sense Medical Ad¬ 
viser.’ 5 Address, World’s Dispensary 
Mbdical Association, Buffalo, N. Y. 
Corn 
responds readily to proper fer¬ 
tilization. 
Larger crops, fuller ears and 
larger grain are sure to result 
from a liberal use of fertilizers 
containing at least 7 % actual 
Potash 
You Want This 
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Complete Revolution in Door Hangers. Also a 
full line of HAYING TOOLS. Write for catalogue. 
ADDRESS 
LOUDEN MACHINERY CO., FAIRFIELD, IOWA. 
Our books are free to farmers. 
GERMAN KALI WORKS, 
93 Nassau St., New York. 
SUCCESS 
with Fertilizers. 
To use fertilizer successfully and 
profitably a man must know 
what to use and what he does use. 
There is but one form in which 
nitrogen (“Ammonia”) is avail¬ 
able to plants as soon as it is ap¬ 
plied. This form is Nitrate* 
Any agricultural chemist.will vouch for the 
truth of this statement. 
If the nitrogen in a fertilizer is 
not in the from of Nitrate it 
is not in the best form. 
You can save money by mixing your 
own fertilizers. By using Nitrate of 
Soda, instead of the insoluble forms of 
nitrogen usually employed, you can 
obtain the best possible results. 
A 40-page book, “Food for Plants.” Tells all about 
free mixing and using fertilizers. Please ask for It. 
S. Mm HARRIS, 
P. o. Address, Moreton Farm, Monroe Co., N. Y. 
Fertilizers 
—Highest Grades at lowest prices. 
HUBBARD & CO., Baltimore, Md 
Canada Unleached 'WT GL 
Hardwood *—9 M % » m m X 
For prices address THOS. POTTS, Brantford, Out. 
B 
erry Boxes 
Best Whltewood, 
@ $2.50 ^ 1000. 
Send for New Catalogue, FREE. 
Peach and Grape Baskets. 
Melon Baskets. 
FAFiivi uns, 
CREAMERY 
STOCK 
DAIRY 
AND ALL OTHER 
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THE “CHARTER” 8SSK 
Stationarles, Portables, &c. 
PROOF, by addressing 
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Cider Machinery.—Send for catalogue to Boomer & 
Boschert Press Co.. 118 West WaterSt.. Syracuse, N.Y 
Maple Evaporators. 
MOST DURABLE, MOST ECONOMICAL, 
CHEAPEST. Manufactured by 
McLANE & SCHANCK, Linesville. Pa. 
Will 
not 
break 
Send 
circular. 
WILLIS 
1 SAP SPOUT. 
In one piece with hook. Hand- 
^ Onm ul rr m arln 4i nnn 4 ... _ 1 
somely made from tinned mal¬ 
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Fall line of other Maple Sugar Goods. 
OHAltl.ES MILLAR & SON, UTICA, Ji.K 
How's Your ssFvS 
Spring. 
Avoid mistakes and secure tho 
very best thing of the kind made. 
_ Use Sykes “Old Style " 
It is made In a var- IRON ROOTING. 
lety of styles. Is easily put on and is longllvcd mid 
handsome. Falling s parks can’t fire it, hail can’t break 
it and the wind can’t blow it off. Roofs that have been 
on 26 years are good yet. Send for catalogue and prices. 
Sykes Iron and Steel Roofing Co. Niles, 0 . and Chicago, Hi. 
WILLIAM MAY, 
Manufacturer of the 
“STAR” 
Fruit Packages. 
Berry Crates and Baskets a specialty. Facilities 
unsurpassed. The Lowest prices. 
For further particulars address 
WM. MAY, New Springfield, Mahoning Co., Ohio. 
Mention this paper when writing to advertisers. 
PLANT BOXES $ ^s 
■ For HOT-BED USE 1000. 
4-lnch cube, 4%-lnch cube, or 5-inch cube. 
BERRY CRATES 
and CRAPE BASKETS. 
Write for price list. Address 
OOI.BY-HIXKLEY CO., Kenton Harbor, Mich. 
POTATOES^ 
TRUCK 
CORN 
OATS 
High-Grade BONE FERTILIZERS are best, most per¬ 
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supplying plant food available for immediate use, and leaving 
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Farmers be Wise, deal with us and Save 40 per C t. on your Fertilizers. 
You Save Salesman’s Expenses and Agent’s Profit. 
Analysis. Phos. Acid, Ammonia, Actual Potash, 
Per cent. Per cent. Per cent. 
Pure Raw Bone Meal. 22 to 25 4 to 6 . 822.00 per ton 
Pour Bold Fertilizer. 9 to 10 2 to 3 2 to 3 x6.oo “ 
Smoky City “ 8 to 10 l^to 2 "% IK to 2 % 15.00 
Big Bonanza “ ... 9 to 10 2 % to 3 % 4 to 5 20.00 M 
Potato Special “ 9 to 10 3 }fto 4 ^ 6 to 7 23.00 " 
Tobacco Special “ 11 to 12 3 to 4 4 to 5 21.00 " 
t Bone and Meat. 13 to 15 4 to 5 . 18.00 “ 
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Stir the Earth 
can do it best, easiest, quickest with a “ Pinner Jr.” 
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