THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 26 
232 
ENSILAGE ALL THE YEAR AROUND. 
I intend to build a silo, and then keep my cows 
in the stable, manure shed, and a small lot around 
the barn, the whole year ’round. Do you think 
this will pay me ? My farm is a hilly clay, and it 
seems to me that I can’t afford to have it trampled 
by the stock any longer, neither do I want to be 
caught by the drought any more. We get a dry 
spell nearly every Summer or early Fall, and then 
our stock have no pasture, and the hay and fod¬ 
der we get, we have to keep for the coming 
Winter. I have concluded to take all the fences 
out of my way, only around the worst hills, which 
I want to keep in Blue-grass pasture for sheep, 
and depend on the silo for my stock. Will en¬ 
silage keep well through all the hot weather 
in Summer, if put up right and in a good silo? 
How shall I construct a good and cheap silo ? 
How big a silo must I build to feed eight cows 
the whole year ’round on ensilage and clover 
hay, 50 ewes for six months, and three horses a 
little all the year ’round ? During several of the 
Summer months, I might feed the cows some 
green stuff out of the field. m. s. 
Indiana. 
Ensilage will keep through the Sum¬ 
mer if properly put up and the silo is 
properly constructed. It has been found, 
however, that when cows have been 
turned out to grass in the Spring, they 
do not take kindly to the ensilage in 
Summer. They have found something 
which better suits their taste. What 1 
would advise is this: Construct a silo 
large enough to feed the cows and sheep 
(and horses a little, if you choose) from 
November 1 to May 1. A silo to furnish 
feed for 8 cows and 25 sheep for the 
time mentioned, would need to be 22 feet 
high and 15 feet in diameter. Full illus¬ 
trated directions for building a round 
tub silo were given on page 152. The 
reason 1 recommend the construction of 
a silo only large enough to feed the 
stock during the Winter, is because, by 
making use of forage crops and practic¬ 
ing green soiling, or the cutting of crops 
to feed green, you will have better suc¬ 
cess than to attempt to feed ensilage all 
Summer. 
For green soiling, have a piece of rye 
to turn the cows upon in early Spring. 
By the time they are through with the 
rye, the pasture fields you have should 
be able to keep the stock for a time. 
Oats or oats and peas sown early should 
be ready to begin feeding by the time 
the pasture runs short. The most eco¬ 
nomical way of handling oats and peas is 
to sow them in succession about two 
weeks apart, sowing not more than two 
acres at a time. In this way, feed may 
be supplied until early August. By that 
date, there are any number of valuable 
crops which may be made to furnish 
green feed—corn, millets and Hungarian 
grass, barley and second-growth clover. 
To practice the greatest economy in feed¬ 
ing, the cows should, during the hottest 
part of the day, be kept under shelter 
of barns or sheds, and the feed cut and 
brought to them. It is almost as im¬ 
portant to protect cows from heat and 
the bothersome flies as from the cold in 
Winter. Surely cows which are pro¬ 
tected will give far better returns for 
the feed consumed. Cornell Experiment 
Station recently published a bulletin on 
forage crops, which will be sent free of 
cost to those who apply for it. I recom¬ 
mend, then, the construction of the tub 
silo for storing the Winter feed, and the 
use of soiling or forage crops in Summer. 
l.. A. CLINTON. 
A STORY OF COWS. 
H O W T H K Y FI L L T II K CAN. 
We have 25 acres of tillable soil, with 
about 40 acres of pasture, mostly side- 
hill, and as a neighbor who has similar 
land expressed it, mostly sky and only a 
few acres of soil. We can stable 21 cows, 
and that is the number we keep most of 
the time. We have shipped milk to one 
man in buffalo for nearly five years. Our 
average price for the present year is 8)4 
cents per gallon ; last year, ending with 
April 1, 1897, we received 8% cents per 
gallon. 
During the year 1897, we have fed 
63,14 L pounds of grain feed, mostly gluten 
and bran, with about 2,300 pounds of oil 
meal. The cost of the grain was $311.38, 
which included only $23.08 worth raised 
on our own farm. We produced 129,961 
pounds of milk, which does not include 
about six quarts per day for home use, 
and received for the milk $1,281.53 ; by 
counting our own consumption at $29.85, 
we have $1,000 from 21 cows, above the 
cost of grain feed, and they had all they 
could eat at almost every meal. 
We are not raising any calves at pres¬ 
ent, but buy all of our cows ; some come 
from the Buffalo market, and a good 
many are taken from farms near here. 
We prefer to buy of some one that knows 
the cow ; we get nearly all colors and 
breeds, also all sizes ; we haven’t yet 
found our ideal cow, although we have 
some we aren’t ashamed of. In selecting 
cows through the country, 1 like to see 
some breed predominating in a stable, 
and prefer the black and white, or even 
the red and white, Ayrshire, and like to 
see a Jersey; but in our business, we 
lo )k for quantity rather than quality, 
and our milkman prefers our milk for 
bottling, also for creaming. I prefer an 
intelligent-looking cow ; some one will 
say that she jumps; perhaps she has 
been starved to it. I don’t object on 
that score. Perhaps she kicks. 1 don't 
like a nervous cow, but find many which, 
with kind treatment, make our quietest 
cows. 
One thing about a cow 1 never see ob¬ 
jected to, and it’s a surprise to some, too 
big an udder. I enjoy seeing a square 
udder well balanced forward and back, 
and the broader and longer the bettei , 
but not near the floor, or not too deep, 
Some we have had, ought to carry an ac¬ 
cident policy ; $10 teats are too easily 
spoiled. 
Our best milkers are almost always the 
best feeders and best drinkers. I like a 
cow with a large, deep body ; the more 
milk veins in length, the better. One 
point which seldom fails is a good, large 
open shoulder joint, large enough to in¬ 
sert the ends of three fingers: one can 
feel it in the calf as well. 
We feed in the barn the year around, 
and enjoy feeding cows with a large 
capacity, whether they are large cows or 
small. A rugged constitution is the most 
important point of all. and next in im¬ 
portance is, as the German expressed it, 
“ A cow’s bag like any other bag : you 
put nothing in, you take nothing out.” 
I think one of the hardest things the 
Holstein has had to contend against is 
starvation rations ; some farmers expect 
her to give twice as much milk with the 
same ration, as a cow half her size. 
We used corn ensilage about 10 months 
last year, and the rest of the time, oats 
and peas, or barley and peas. Our suc¬ 
cess last Winter was due partly to irriga¬ 
tion. Wc dug a well seven feet deep and 
150 feet from the barn, put in 1%-inch 
pipe, used a pitcher pump, and twice a 
day, we irrigate with four pails and some 
muscle. It takes 21 minutes for 21 cows. 
They would not drink in that time out¬ 
doors, and some wouldn't drink at all if 
turned out. Some of our cows gained 
with this treatment, over an abundance 
of water in pasture, and the same feed in 
the barn. w. w. c. 
South Wales, N. Y. 
A city business man, who 
gets to work at nine in the 
morning, takes an 
hour for lunch and 
leaves for home at 
four or five in the 
afternoon, little un¬ 
derstands the 
hardships of the 
I life of the farmer, 
t who starts to w’ork 
at break of day 
and frequently 
works on into the 
night by lantern- 
light. 
■ j A man to endure 
I'jl the hardships of a 
'. farmer’s life, must be 
robust physically at the outset, and if he 
would live a long life, always keep a watch¬ 
ful eye upon his health. He should re¬ 
member that it is the apparently trifling 
disorders that eventually make the big dis¬ 
eases. It does not do for a hard working 
man to neglect bilious attacks or spells of 
indigestion. If he does, he will soon find 
himself flat on his back with malaria or 
crippled with rheumatism. Dr. Pierce’s 
Golden Medical Discovery is the best of all 
medicines for hard working men and wo¬ 
men. It makes the appetite keen and 
hearty, the digestion perfect, the liver ac¬ 
tive, the blood pure and rich with the life- 
giving elements of the food, and the nerves 
strong and steady. It builds firm muscles 
and solid flesh. It is the greatest of all 
blood-makers and purifiers. It cures mala¬ 
rial troubles and rheumatism. It is an un¬ 
failing cure for biliousness and indigestion. 
An honest dealer will not try to substitute 
some inferior preparation for the sake of a 
little additional profit. 
“ I was a sufferer for four years with malarial 
fever and chills,” writes Robert Williams, of 
Kiowa, Barber Co., Kan. “ Four bottles of Dr. 
Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery cured me 
and I now weigh 160 pounds instead of 130, my 
old weight.” 
Costiveness, constipation and torpidity of 
the liver are surely, speedily and perma¬ 
nently cured by Dr. Pierce’s Pleasant Pel¬ 
lets. They are tiny, sugar-coated granules. 
One little “ Pellet ” is a gentle laxative, and 
two a mild cathartic. They never gripe. 
They stimulate and strengthen the jaded or¬ 
gans until a regular habit is formed and may 
then be discontinued without a return of 
the trouble. They stimulate, invigorate 
and regulate the stomach, liver and bowels. 
Medicine stores sell them, and have no 
other pills that are “just as good.” 
THE IMPROVED 
United States Separator 
IS DAILY ADDING TO ITS RECORDS 
PROVING ITS EXCELLENCE OVER ALL OTHER SEPARATORS 
Many letters being constantly received from the dairymen using them, stating they are doing better 
than claimed, running over capacity, and showing only a trace of fat in the skim milk. 
To these records from practical dairymen are added the records of the various Kxperimcnt Stations 
which follow: 
Cornell University, N. Y., Experiment Station. 0.03 
Vermont Experiment Station Dairy School. 0.01 
Minnesota Experiment Station. 0.02 
Pennsylvania Experiment Station Dairy School.. .0.04 
Indiana Experiment Station Dairy School. Trace 
Ohio Experiment Station. Mere Trace 
North Carolina Agricultural and Mechanical 
College... Trace 
Indiana State Board of Agriculture 
(Department of Dairy Produce and Cattle), No Trace 
Illinois Experiment Station. Less than 0.1 
Maine Agricultural Experiment Station. 0.03 I 
New Hampshire Agricultural College. 0.01 
Massachusetts Agricultural College. 0.01 
Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station. 0.02 
So. Carolina C.lemson Agricultural College. 0.04 
Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station. 0.05 
Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station.0.05 
A pamphlet full of equally good or better 
records from dairymen regarding the every-day 
use of the Separator can be had for the asking. 
We sell everything for the Dairy, Creamery and Sugar Bush 
VERMONT FARM MACHINE CO., Bellows Falls, Vermont. 
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Catalogue and price list of j 
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Do your own grind¬ 
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Fully Guaranteed. 
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NOKIlYkK A. BAKMON C0.,‘270l)ny St.,Indianapolis, Ind. 
Second-Hand Salt Kettles 
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Black, painted or galvanized metal ROOFING 
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METAL CKlblNOS AND 8 I D E WALLS 
Write for Catalogue. 
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Self-oiling, 
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27 Fargo St. BATAVIA,^LL. 
People mast have water, and will always pay 
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How's Your S 
Spring. 
uw Avoid mistakes and secure the 
rS MM mMW ^ very best tiling of the kind made. 
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