1898 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
235 
9100.00 
We are going to round out the present 
subscription season by dividing $100, May 
1 , among all our agents who send clubs 
of five or more subscriptions on or be¬ 
fore May 1. This $100 will be divided in 
proportion to the number of names sent 
by each, just as the $100 was divided in 
the last contest. No club of less than 
five will count, but two six-months or 
four three-months subscriptions will 
count as one yearly. The larger the 
club, of course, the larger the premium. 
That is, if a club of five draws $2, a club 
of ten would draw $4, and a club of 15, 
$6. At this season, the clubs are sure to 
be small, but we want to give encour¬ 
agement to those who are able to do a 
little for us, and we are always glad to 
pay liberally for good, faithful work. 
NEW NAMES. 
To encourage club raisers to send new 
names, we will continue to send them a 
rebate of $1 for every club of five new 
names. This is, of course, extra. The 
regular commissions are, also, allowed, 
and each name will also count for a 
share of the $100 May 1. Now the time 
is short. This is the last chance this sea¬ 
son. Take a lively hand in this contest. 
The Rural New-Yorker, New York. 
SCIENCE FROM THE STATIONS. 
REVIEWS OF IMPORTANT BULLETINS. 
Bulletin No. 39, of the Maine Experiment Sta¬ 
tion (Orono), is an eight-page p.imphlet con- 
aining suggestions about stock feeding. This is 
an excellent little pamphlet for those who want 
to study out the theory of compounding a bal¬ 
anced ration for different kinds of live stock. 
Tables of analyses and other matters are given 
that will enable the reader to understand all the 
elementary principles of stock feeding. 
The New York Experiment Station (Geneva), 
in Bulletin 133, reviews experiments that have 
been made with spraying to prevent Gooseberry 
mildew. The disease is described so that almost 
any one can recognize it. After the most careful 
tests with different remedies, the station recom¬ 
mends sulphide of potassium as the best sub¬ 
stance for holding this mildew in check. The 
potassium sulphide may be applied at the rate 
of one ounce to two or three gallons of water, 
beginning very early in the season, just as the 
buds are breaking, and repeating about every 
10 days, depending, of course, on the condition of 
the weather. 
The Wyoming Experiment Station (Laramie) 
has issued Bulletin 34, which deals with Fruit 
Growing in Wyoming. This pamphlet of nearly 
60 pages is one of the best bulletins that has been 
issued by our western experiment stations. It is 
beautifully illustrated, and shows in much de¬ 
tail what Wyoming fruit growers are trying to 
accomplish. It contaius reports from different 
parts of the State, all written in such a way that 
they are easily understood. The conditions of 
growth on those arid plains are quite different 
from those found in the eastern part of the coun¬ 
try, and it takes time to adapt our oldtime vari¬ 
eties, or to discover new ones. Those who are 
interested in western horticulture should by all 
means obtain this bulletin, and give it a careful 
reading. 
Bulletin 126 of the New Jersey Experiment Sta¬ 
tion gives a very interesting statement regarding 
the small-fruitgrowing industry in that State. 
Mr. Jordan, who writes the bulletin, has collected 
an immense number of statistics from all over 
the State. In fact, this bulletin is made up from 
reports of 1,376 farmers who tell what varieties 
they are raising, how they handle the plants, 
how they fight insects and diseases, and what 
they realize from the business. Regarding soils 
for strawberries, two-thirds of the growers pre¬ 
fer a sandy soil, although the heavier soils give 
larger average crops. The sandy soils are ear¬ 
lier and easier to work, and this seems to be 
greatly in their favor. 
As to varieties in the State at large, Gandy 
seems preeminently adapted to the heavier and 
moist land. In many parts of the southern sec¬ 
tion where the ground is very wet, Gandy is 
almost the only variety grown. The following 
list shows the 10 varieties most largely grown 
through the entire State: Gandy, Isabella, Bu- 
bach, Warfield, Sharpless, Haverland, Pearl, 
Wilson, Chas. Downing, Victor Hugo. 
Nearly 97 per cent of the growers who report, 
set their plants in the Spring, although it is said 
that the strawberries can be transplanted at 
almost any time of the year except when the 
ground is frozen hard or covered with snow. 
Only 28 per cent of the growers in the southern 
part of the State mulch the berries during the 
Winter, though most of those in the northern 
part follow this practice. The majority of north¬ 
ern growers used barnyard manure, while only 
one-third of the southern growers use manure 
alone. Most of the users of fertilizer seem to be 
in the central and southern parts of the State. 
Yields range from 300 to 9,000 quarts per acre, 
the average being about 2,700 quarts. The aver¬ 
age cost per acre of cultivating, manuring and 
mulching is $44.53 for the northern section, 165.39 
in the central section, and $47.57 in the south, the 
heaviest expense, both for cultivating and manur¬ 
ing being in the central part of the State. The aver¬ 
age value of an acre of strawberries for 1893, 
after deducting cost of cultivation, manuring 
and mulching, was $176.82 per acre, or 6.4 cents 
per quart, based on the average yield. 
For raspberries, light soil is preferred for the 
blackcaps, and richer, moist soil for the red 
sorts. Regarding varieties, the five sorts most 
largely grown are Turner, Brandy wine, Cuthbert, 
Souhegan and Pioneer. As a rule, a larger pro¬ 
portion of the raspberries are grown with fer¬ 
tilizer than of strawberries. Regarding yields, 
the average of 173 growers for 1894 was 1,204 
quarts per acre. The average yield of blackcaps 
reported by 58 growers in New York State given 
is 2,493 quarts per acre; 56 growers of red raspber¬ 
ries give an average of 2,201 quarts per acre. The 
average cost of cultivating and manuring rasp¬ 
berries averages, for the entire State, $27.93 per 
acre. Average returns, after deducting the cost 
of cultivating and manuring, are $91.95 per acre. 
Similar figures and information are given re¬ 
garding blackberries, currants and gooseberries. 
While gooseberries are not very largely grown 
in New Jersey, it appears that a few growers 
are making returns from them. An average of 17 
growers show a net value of $139.83 per acre for 
the crop. An average of 31 growers of currants 
shows net returns of $145.49 per acre. The bulle¬ 
tin gives many practical suggestions regarding 
the culture and care of small fruits. We notice 
that, in suggesting a home mixture of fertilizers 
for fruit culture, the well-known formula of even 
parts by weight of ground bone, acid phosphate 
and muriate of potash is given. This is an easy 
mixture to make, and while it is rather high in 
potash for some soils, on the whole, we consider 
it a safe formula for most small fruit growers. 
Corn 
responds readily to proper fer¬ 
tilization. 
Larger crops, fuller ears and 
larger grain are sure to result 
THE MAPES FERTILIZERS. 
HIGH STANDARD FULLY MAINTAINED. 
Official Analyses of the Mapes Manures at the CONNECTICUT 
STATE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, 
Prof. S. W. Johnson, Director, the Oldest 
Station in the Country. 
1880. 
1881. 
1882. 
1883. 
1884. 
1885. 
1886. 
1887. 
1888. 
1889. 
1890. 
1891. 
1892. 
1893. 
1894. 
1895. 
1896. 
1897. 
1897. 
ISO! 
Ammonia. 
Phosphoric 
Acid. 
Potash. 
4.76 
10.40 
7.70 
4.14 
11.48 
5.00 
4.78 
10.04 
6.10 
5.53 
10.72 
6.39 
5.18 
12.66 
6.82 
5.18 
12.11 
7.75 
4.72 
11.10 
7.39 
4.67 
13.07 
7.50 
4.84 
12.82 
6.78 
4.65 
11.47 
7.17 
4.74 
10.76 
7.32 
4.85 
9.59 
7.45 
4.56 
9.66 
7.45 
4.83 
9.93 
7.55 
4.77 
9.33 
8.12 
4.68 
10.36 
8.60 
4.46 
10.64 
7.28 
4.83 
10.11 
7.42 
4.78 
10.00 
7.21 
8 to 10 
6 to 8 
n Manure. 
3.40 
11.29 
6.56 
.3 to 3.50 
10 to 12 
6 to 7 
1 Vine 
Manure. 
2.62 . 
7.89 
12.67 
2 to 3 
7 to 9 
10 to 12 
from a liberal use of fertilizers 
containing at least 7% actual 
Potash 
The Mapes Crass and Crain Top-Dressing Manure 
1897.... 6.38 7.15 7.30 
Guarantee. 6 to 7 6 to 8 7 to 8 
The Mapes Complete Manure for General Use. 
1897. 4.37 11.07 4.88 
Guarantee. 4 to 5 10 to 12 4 to 5 
[From The American Agriculturist .] 
Our books are free to farmers. 
GERMAN KALI WORKS, 
93 Nassau St., New York. 
Star Potato Special. 
HIGH GRADE. 
Ammonia. \>A per cent. 
Available Phosphoric Acid, 5 per cent. 
Potash, K20, 7 per cent. 
Only $21 per ton delivered. We sell direct to the 
consumer. 
PHELPS FERTILIZER COMPANY, Phelps, N.Y. 
Canada Unleached j* % m w—. rw 
Hardwood .AV a—-. 
For prices address THOS. POTTS, Brantford, Ont. 
r«e 4 ili-VAF^“ Hi K" est Grades at lowest prices. 
rcrilllACla HUBBARD* CO., Baltimore, Md 
$20 PHOSPHATE FOR POTATOES AND CORN 
Sold to farmers direct. We have no agents. Send 
for Circular. Low prices tor car-load lots. 
YORK CHEMICAL WORKS. YORK, PA. 
PRIZE-WINNING 
POTATOES 
Most all gardeners and produce growers de- 
1 sire fine potatoes; if they used good Fertilizers, 
i they would have moregeneral success. Be one 
; andusir i8e “PHELPS POTATO 
SPECIAL FERTILIZER,” 
1 n °t the cheap kind, for “cheap” grades mean 
i poor crops, but the sort that Is good value be- 
i cause i t helps produce fine potatoes. Guaranteed 
1 : Nitrogen, 2 per cent.; Avail. Phos. 
, Add, fi percent.; Potash K20. 10 per cent. ph«-, 
DM per TON DELIVERED, CASH WITH ORDER. 
Lxtra discount on car lots. Prices quoted on 
1 special mixtures. Don’t delay. Write to-day. 
PHELPS FERTILIZER CO., 
= PRELPS, N. Y. ~ ~ 
Profits 
of Farming 
Gardening and Fruit Culture 
depend upon Good Crops and 
they in turn upon Good Fer¬ 
tilizers. The uniformly best 
fertilizer for all Crops and all 
soils is made by 
THE CLEVELAND DRYER CO., 
CLEVELAND, O. 
Materials supplied/or “Home Mixing." 
The Mapes Manures are complete fertilizers of the very highest grade, and 
the success which has attended their use is the best evidence of their skill, ability, 
and the materials used in their manufacture. Prof. Mapes has been foremost in 
bringing the fertilizer trade to its present high standard. The most intelligent 
farmers and the largest consumers of fertilizers now feel that they can afford to 
buy the Mapes Manures because of their quality as demonstrated by results in the 
field. 
The only security at present consists in buying of thoroughly trustworthy and 
intelligent partiks, and giving a wide berth to organic nitrogen, which is suspiciously 
cheap , and cannot be identified as to its source and nature. There is, however, I 
believe, a sure means of determining the value of organic nitrogen, which experi¬ 
ment stations can employ. This is simply to take the testimony of the plant itself as 
to whether the nitrogen of a given fertilizer is able to nourish vegetation satisfac¬ 
torily or not.— Prof. S. W. Johnson, in The Rural New-Yorker. 
THE MAPES FORMULA AND PERUVIAN GUANO CO., 
WORKS AT NEWARK, N. J. 
Office: Central Building, 143 Liberty Street, New York. 
High-Grade BONE FERTILIZERS are best, most per¬ 
manent and cheapest. Our goods are especially adapted to 
spring crops. Special brands for potatoes, corn and oats, 
supplying plant food available for immediate use, and leaving 
something for future grass crops. None better or cheaper. 
I. P. THOMAS & SON CO., 2 P S atfK D D E c ^7if^ ftg- 
O S F*E:R I T Y comes to the PARMER] 
THAT USES OUR POPULAR AND WELL-MADE 
FERTILIZERS 
Analysis and prices mailed on application. 
A GOOD FARMER AGENT wanted in every township. 
THE WESTERN UNION CHEMICAL CO., Summit Street, Cleveland, Ohio. 
POTATOES 
TRUCK 1 
CORN 
OATS 
WE SELL DIRECT TO FARMERS. 
Farmers be Wise, Deal with Us and Save 40 pen ct. on your Fertilizers 
You Save Salesman’s Expenses and Agent's Front. 
Analysis. Phos. Acid, Ammonia, Aetna! Potash. 
_ _ _ „ Percent. Percent Percent 
Pure Raw Bone Meal.. 22 to 25 4 toft . * 32.00 per ton 
Four Fold Fertilizer.. 9 to 10 2 to 3 2 to 3 16.00 
Smoky City ‘ .. 8 to 10 l^to 2 ^ to 2 % 13.00 * 
Big Bonanza “ 9 to 10 2% to 4 toft 30.00 M 
Potato Special “ 9 to 10 8^ to 4^ 6 to 7 33.00 « 
t Tobacco Special “ 11 to 12 3to4 4toft 31.00 •* 
Bone and Meat. .. 13 to 15 4 toft .. 18.00 * 
Forsamplesand pamphlet, write WALKER STRATMAN & CO. Herr’s Island, Pittaburg. Pa. 
