522 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
July 23 
[LIVE STOCK| 
AND DAIRY . 
A NEW JERSEY CREAMERY. 
HOW ROUGHAGE IS UTILIZED. 
[editorial correspondence.] 
Da ikying in a Fertilizer Country.— 
For several years past, I have told R. 
N.-Y. readers about the farm of Mr. I). 
C. Lewis, of Cranbury, N. J. This section 
of country is quite famous for its crops 
of potatoes, wheat, grass and corn. It 
has not been considered a stock country, 
and chemical fertilizers have supplied 
the basis for the heavy crops that were 
annually grown. Potatoes, hay, corn and 
wheat were sold from the farm, and the 
fertilizers were applied chiefly to the 
potato crop. The returns from these 
crops were so satisfactory that these 
farmers felt for years that it was hardly 
worth while to try to utilize the feeding 
value of the wheat straw and the corn 
stalks. They were either sold at a low 
price or turned into manure by the waste¬ 
ful process of throwing them into the 
barnyard to be worked over and trampled 
down by stock. Low prices for grain, 
hay and potatoes, reduced the farm in¬ 
come, and the feeding value of this 
roughage was needed. It was out of 
this need that the Cranbury creamery 
came to be. I want to speak of it this 
week, and will refer to the fertilizer 
farming next week. 
The Effect on the Farms. —A good 
many of the patrons of this creamery are 
like Mr. Lewis ; they always kept a few 
cows and made butter at home. They 
were fertilizer farmers first of all, and 
the care of the small herd was more or 
less of a nuisance, made necessary chiefly 
by the idea that something ought to be 
done with the corn stalks. The creamery 
came to these men. and proposed to make 
their butter for them. They tried it, 
and at once saw that here was the mar¬ 
ket for their stalks and a part of their 
clover hay. Mr. Lewis started with four 
cows, and now has 15 old and young. 
The young ones are better than the old. 
There is good Jersey blood in them, and 
as they come into milk, they crowd out 
the old timers. 
This herd does not interfere with the 
old rotation and crops except that, each 
year, a small part of the potato field is 
seeded to oats and peas for a soiling 
crop. The cows are not pastured before 
haying. It would not pay in this sort of 
farming to have land in permanent pas¬ 
ture when one acre in oats and peas or 
corn fodder will furnish more food than 
five acres of ordinary pasture. There are 
about 16 acres of corn on this farm each 
year. The great object in keeping the 
cows is to turn the stalks into cash. The 
grain is mostly sold. IIere is a case 
where it pays to sell corn and use the 
money to buy bran, linseed and cotton¬ 
seed meals. They not only get more 
food for a do'lar in these foods than 
there was in the corn, but it is a form of 
food that makes a better balance with 
the stalks. Not only that, but the ex¬ 
change leaves the farm richer. Take a 
dollar obtained for corn and buy with it 
bran or linseed meal. You bring back 
to the farm more plant food than you 
took away. This might not be true in 
Nebraska, where corn sells at 10 or 15 
cents per bushel, but it is true as prices 
run in most parts of New Jersey. 
The corn stalks are all cut before they 
are fed, and this makes a great differ¬ 
ence in the manure. In former years, 
before the creamery, the stalks were fed 
whole. They were not well rotted, and 
were hard to handle. So far as the farm 
itself is concerned, the ci’eamery has been 
a great benefit. It brings in not far 
from $500 cash well scattered along 
through the year. It diversifies the 
work, saves what was formerly a waste, 
and adds to the fertility of the farm 
without interfering with any of the 
other crops except, as we have said, the 
small part of the annual potato field 
used for oats and peas. Does it mean a 
reduction in the amount of chemical fer¬ 
tilizers ? That remains to be seen. We 
shall see about that next week. 
Testing All the Milk. —The cream¬ 
ery itself is well-nigh a model of its 
kind. It has a first-class buttermaker, 
and every appointment is neat and or¬ 
derly. During the Summer, there is a 
large cream trade, and the butter is all 
sold ahead. Milk is paid for on the basis 
of its butter fat as determined by the 
Babcock test, and the amount of milk 
received has steadily increased from year 
to year. The quality has, also, picked 
up. Mr. Lewis’s herd averages 4.3 per 
cent of butter fat. This creamery has 
been able to pay about 17 cents per 
pound for butter fat. 
This plan of paying for the actual fat 
contained in the milk is the oniy common- 
sense way of doing it. It encourages the 
patrons to breed better cows. There is 
no use hauling 100 pounds of milk when 
80 pounds of better milk will bring just 
as much money. Farmers like Mr. Lewis 
who have for years been buying fer¬ 
tilizers on the strength of a guaranteed 
analysis, can easily see the advantage of 
keeping first-class cows. A high-grade 
cow is economical in the same sense that 
high-grade fertilizers are most useful. 
They cost more, but they do more work. 
At the Cranbury creamery, as well as 
at others, there are patrons who some¬ 
times think their milk is not fairly tested. 
A man sometimes feels that there ought 
to be more fat in his milk than the Bab¬ 
cock test indicates. I asked the butter- 
maker what he did in such a ease. 
He said that his plan is to ask the 
patron to see the milk sampled and tested 
for himself. One man did not think the 
test was fair, and he proposed taking a 
sample of the milk before it left home 
and sending it to the State Experiment 
Station for analysis. Then he said the 
buttermaker might take another sample 
after the milk reached the creamery and 
test it, after which they could compare 
the tests. Of course, this would not be 
fair. The buttermaker had nothing to 
do with the milk before it left the farm. 
His plan was to take two samples, as the 
milk was delivered, so as to have them 
exactly alike. lie would test one in the 
presence of the patron. The other could 
be sealed and sent to the experiment 
station for test or analysis. That seems 
like a fair way to do business—in fact, 
what could be fairer ? 
As Prof. Plumb pointed out recently 
there are many little things that might 
make a difference in the Babcock test. 
The quality of the acid is one thing that 
might make two tests from the same lot 
of milk vary. At the same time, this 
test, in careful hands, is the fairest 
measure of value we have to-day. The 
average quality of the milk received at 
the Cranbury creamery is very high. 
A Representative Creamery. —There 
are not many creameries in the country 
that represent just what this one does. 
It was started on what we may call the 
tailings of fertilizer farming. Men like 
Mr. Lewis believed, for years, that they 
did not need live stock to keep up the 
fertility of their farms. Long years of 
successful farming proved that fact. Yet 
the time came when cows were useful— 
not so much to furnish manure as to pro¬ 
vide a market for the corn stalks. The 
creamery gave the cows their chance. It 
is not likely that the private dairy would 
ever- have brought about this change. 
Will the future bring silos and larger 
herds ? Will these farmers slowly drop 
wheat, raise fewer potatoes and keep 
more cows, changing and shortening the 
No one who knows Mac¬ 
beth lamp-chimneys will have 
any other — except some deal¬ 
ers who want their chimneys to 
break. 
Wrke Macbeth Pittsburgh Pa 
rotation so as to grow more cultivated 
fodder crops ? Or will the herd continue 
to be limited in size by the size of the 
corn crop ? These are problems that 
will be slowly worked out. The question is 
an interesting one, and it well shows how 
carefully farmers must measure their 
prospects and plan their work. h. w. c. 
GUERNSEYS. 
225 purebred Guernseys of the best American 
and Island breeding. Butter average, whole 
herd, 318 pounds per head. No catalogue. Come 
and make your own selection. 
ELLERSLIE STOCK FARM, 
KIIINECLIFF, N. Y. 
The Government expects, before three months, 
to be using 100,000 pounds of beef daily to feed 
its soldiers and wards in Cuba. This beef will 
be furnished by Swift <fe Company, of Chicago, 
and will be sent to Cuba in refrigerator vessels. 
Reports indicate that there is a great demand 
for children’s ponies this year. The craze for the 
bicycle hurt this trade severely for several years, 
but now people are coming back to the idea that, 
after all, a pony is better for the child than a 
wheel. 
Breeders in the West are much interested in a 
law case over a Poland-China hog. This hog was 
known as Klever’s Model, and was considered a 
great breeding animal. A syndicate of seven 
breeders bought this hog at auction for $5,100, 
giving a joint note in payment. It is now claimed 
that they did not get the hog they paid for. They 
refuse to pay the note on the ground that the 
original Klever’s Model died, and that the seller 
substituted another hog in its place. This is 
going to make a very nice law case, and if the 
seven men who bought the hog win, it will be 
likely to upset a good many herd records, as 
there was a great demand for this hog for breed¬ 
ing purposes. 
Never let a cold run on. It forms the base for 
many dangerous maladies, all of which can be 
averted by the prompt use of Jayne's Expectorant. 
Easy to take and effectual, Jayne’s Rainless Sana¬ 
tive Pills.—Ado. 
AT FARMERS' PRICES! 
Two Registered Jersey Bull Calves 
from superior dairy cows. 
R. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty Street, Pittsburg, Pa 
Tfl FYPHANfiF 30 head Jersey Cattle, to ex- 
IU LAUmMIiUL change for Sheep in good con¬ 
dition. Will exchange part or whole 30 head. Ad¬ 
dress 60 Watson Street, Detroit, Mich. 
C HENANGO VALLEY STOCK FARMS, Greene, N 
Y.—Dutch Belted and Jersey Cattle; Dorset and 
Rambonillet Sheep; Poland-China, Jersey Red and 
Suffolk Pigs; White and Bronze Turkeys, Peafowls 
and Blooded Chiokens. J. D. VAN VALKBNBURGH. 
Spring Pigs from 100 Reg. 
Poland China, Berkshire and 
Chester Whites. Mated not 
akin. Choice bred sows, Serv¬ 
ice Boars. Poultry. Write us 
for free circular and bottom 
prices. Hamilton <fc Co., Cochranville. Chester Co., Pa 
A Purebred 
POLAND-CHINA SOW, bred for 
Fall farrow for $18; an individual 
of high merit and well bred; a bargain. 
F. H. GATES A SONS, Cbittenango, N. Y. 
IF YOUR CHICKENS D saftS® 
heads and see why. LAMBERT’S 
DEATH TO LICE OINTMENT will 
fix them quick and brighten the broods. 
100 doses XOe. postpaid. Rook Free. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, R, I. 
PIlfF I A copy of the new Standard of Per- 
p I foction (out in July) to every reader 
B ■ 0 f the R. N.-Y. who sends $2 for 
two yearly subscriptions, one name of two, to 
POULTRY MONTHLY. Albany, N. V. 
POULTRY 
♦ We keep everything in the POULTRY LINE, ♦ 
T Fencing, Feed, Incubators, Live 8tock, Brooders ♦ 
♦ —anything—it’s our business. Call or let us ♦ 
♦ send you our illustrated catalogue—it’s free for ♦ 
♦ the asking—it’s worth having. + 
♦ Excelsior Wire aiul Poultry Supply Co., ♦ 
♦ 28 Vesey Street, New York City. ‘ ♦ 
SPLIT NAILS 
ARE DANGEROUS 
PUTNAM 
Nails Cannot Split because 
made by the only rational 
process. 
Hot Forged and Hammer Pointed, as 
in the old hand process, without roll¬ 
ing or shearing, from the best Swedish 
iron rods. Tliej are the only nails that 
hold the shoe. 
Our increased sales attest the truth of 
the highest award at the WORLD’S 
FAIR AT CHICAGO, viz: 
"Supreme Excellence in Material, 
Proceas and Quality of Finished 
Product," 
Owning and operating the 
LARGEST HORSE NAIL FACTORY 
in the world, we are enabled to meet 
the prices of inferior nails made by 
cheaper processes. 
Call on your shoer for the BEST. 
PUTNAM NAIL CO., 
Neponset, Boston, Mass. 
Mascot Ring on receipt of 10c. in Stamps. 
STEEL NAME STAMPS., 
SPRINGFIELD,MASS. 
3ESIN 
lALjSjjjGV^jrsSETS 
^^BRA^^OOLSOF 
DtlcmPTiL 1 ' 
OEHD5TAMPFinCA7ALCG.lt Z 
TEAMS. 
SUCCESSFUL DAIRYMEN use one cent’s worth 
SHOO-FLY 
Saves 3 quarts milk daily If used In time, 
NO KLIKS, TICKS, VERMIN OR SORES ON COWS. 
Thousands duplicate 10 gallons. Beware o.f imitations. 
“I have used several so-called - Cattle Comforts,’ 
none equal to SHOO-FLY. It is effective and 
cheap.” F. L. Houghton, Brattleboro.Vt., Secre¬ 
tary and Kditor The Holstein-Friesian Associa¬ 
tion of America. 
Send 25c. Money refunded if cow Is not protected. 
Shoo-FLY Mfu. Co. 1006 Fairmount Ave., Phila., Pa. 
KNOCKED IT OUT 
Inthe First Round. 
Microbes are responsible for 
lots of misery. They cause tho 
HOC CHOLERA, 
CHICKEN ROUP, 
SHEEP SCAB and 
FOOT ROT. 
CbloroRaptboleum 
PUTS MICROBES TO SLEEP 
so they will never wake up. Will heal sores and bruises 
quickly. We have direct branches in the principal cities 
of the U. S. from whence goods are shipped. We will 
send you a sample gallon, freight prepaid, ^11.50. 
Agency is worth having. Write for full particulars. 
WEST DISINFECTING CO.. 212 E. 57th St., New York. 
Newton’s Fi/ytkf rTtTTt 
Improved v/vf If 1 lTj 
Holds them firmly, draws 
them forward when lying 
down, pushes back when 
standing, gives freedom 
of bead, keeps them clean 
E. C. NEWTON CO. 
Batavia, Ill. Cataloguo free 
Trade 
LUMPJAW 
Now Cur abler- Surely, 
quickly , arid for good . 
l-LEMIlJG BHOS., Ohemlntii* 
10 E. 14th St., New York, 
have a remedy thatqulcldy caret the 
most obstinate cases. Supplied by mail 
under positive guarantee. Price, 
Valuable information and full particu 
lars free. Mention this vaptr. 
ALLyHORSE 0WN|R s 
should make the acquaintance 
of that reliable remedy 
Q uinn’s Ointment. 
Used in the best stables and 
studs of the country. Sold by 
all Druggist* or sent direct for$ 1.50 
per package. Smaller size, 50 centa. 
W. B. EDD7 t CO., ’Whitehall, N. 7. 
A TRIAL 
CONVINCES 
111 500 sheep; must he in good condition 
fl cUllwlI and cheap for cash. Address FISCH EH, 
Heal Estate Kxch’ge, 1209 Gratiot Ave., Detroit, Mich 
'TIS FOLLY 
To lose the use of your Horse for a single day. If the 
Horse is SORE, CHAFED or GALLED 
Moore Bros.’ Gall Powder 
Will effect a CURE IN HARNESS, or Money Re¬ 
funded. Price 50c. and $1 per Can by mai 1, postpaid. 
MOORE BROS., Veterinary Surgeons, Albany, N.Y 
Mia ilTCft—Position as Manager of Dairy or 
TTHIiICU stock *' arra - Understand care of 
cattle as to feeding, etc.; handling of milk in every 
form; farming in all its branches. No liquor or 
tobacco used. Single man. Best of references from 
largest Guernsey Stock Farm in the World. 
Address Box 52, Clinton Corners, N. Y. 
Ilir nail PllfC VAII nADTIOIII ADC of Live stock for sale in all parts of the coun- 
Vlk UAH III VC I UU I Alt I lUULAnd try. We charge you nothing for this service. 
Breeders and farmers having stock for sale will do well to subscribe to our Breeders’ Exchange, 
and send us descriptions of what they -wish to sell. 
AMERICAN LIVE-STOCK CO., 24 State St., New York, N. Y. 
