1898 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
699 
THE NEW CALF LAW. 
WHAT NEW YORK DAIRYMEN SAY. 
How do the dairymen in your section regard the 
new calf law, which requires that a calf should 
be at least three or four weeks old before being 
sold ? Is there much opposition to the law among 
dairymen? Do they think that the State is justified 
in passing such a law ? Is it probable that efforts 
will be made to repeal it ? 
I have seen some of the largest dairy¬ 
men and others, and they considered the 
law good, there being no opposition to it. 
Hancock. G D. N. 
I think that the calf law is a good 
thing, and all the farmers around this 
section, so far as I know, think the same. 
Sidney Center. o. l. b. 
The calf law has made no difference 
in this locality. We are too near the 
New Jersey line, and calves are shipped 
from a near point in New Jersey to Jer¬ 
sey City, thus avoiding any effect of the 
law. G. i. a. 
State Hill. 
I have interviewed several dairymen, 
and they all agree that the new calf law 
is just in prohibiting the sale of calves, 
for veal, less than three or four weeks 
old. There is no desire in this section to 
have the law repealed. i. w. R. 
Rockville. 
Most of the dairymen in this section 
think that the new calf law is a good 
thing. They think that a good calf will 
bring a better price than it has for a few 
years. There is not much opposition to 
the law ; there are a few who think that 
the new law will hurt them. I have not 
heard any one say that he wished to have 
it repealed. c. A. w. 
Guilford. 
I have heard very little discussion on 
this subject. I do not think there is 
much opposition to the law in this 
section. It is not probable that any 
effort will be made to repeal it, so long 
as farmers have an outlet for their bob 
veals. Owing to the scarcity of stock 
and the high price of veal, the present 
season, bob veals have advanc d in price 
10 per cent with us. l. d. 
Monticello. 
We have not observed much difference 
since the passage of the law. Our calf- 
man comes about the same, takes the 
calves to the first railway station in New 
Jersey, and ships them to Jersey City ; 
then, I suppose, they get to New York 
City the same as ever. So far as money 
goes, it pays us better to have the calves 
taken at one day old than at one month, 
but as to the real value of the meat, I 
would prefer the month-old one. 
Otisville. G. h. k. 
PUREBRED OR THOROUGHBRED? 
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE ? 
What is the difference between a purebred and 
a thoroughbred, or what constitutes each ? Which 
is the higher type ? J. w. M. 
Corfu, N. Y. 
I do not pose as an authority upon 
breeding laws and regulations, but to 
the best of my understanding, a pure¬ 
bred is not a thoroughbred. A thorough¬ 
bred could not be a crossbred, even 
though of two thoi-oughbred parents, 
though it might be that the combined 
blood would be pure. A thoroughbred 
is so because its breeding has been in 
conformity to one type, and its intent 
was to perpetuate that type and trait 
and give it in transmittal its distinct, in¬ 
dividual impress ; but to cross it with 
another breed with its family traits and 
distinct features, would break up the 
thoroughbred line that gave its value to 
the breeding, and introduce another 
diverse influence which becomes at once 
a speculative result, instead of a cer¬ 
tainty. An animal may be of pure blood, 
and have no known breeding at all. The 
old Texas steer was a pure blood in this, 
that it was not known that any fresh or 
cross blood had been introduced for 200 
years, or more, possibly. The question 
answers itself in its own asking ! No 
crossbreeding of any two breeds of 
thoroughbreds, is eligible to registry in 
any “ book ”, neither is there a breeder 
in the United States who would recom¬ 
mend breeding from crossbreds. Valu¬ 
able as the cross may be for the once, 
the second generation from this would 
be a grade, and unless bred back to a 
pure line thoroughbred either on one 
side or the other of the first cross, the 
third generation would be common stock, 
and its offspring would be of like char¬ 
acter. 
Changed a little, it is to be presumed 
that breeding could be so conducted as 
to be both thoroughbred and pure at the 
same time, and that by the practice of 
“line” breeding—not inbreeding—breed¬ 
ing daughters, granddaughters, and 
great granddaughters back to their first 
sire. This would make the fourth gene¬ 
ration something more than 94 per cent 
of the original parent stock, and so in¬ 
tense would be such breeding, that it 
would fix the type and give such an im¬ 
press of character, that it would strongly 
predominate, in a fresh outcross, and 
carry its impress with it for years. While 
it may be said that a purebred steer, a 
cross of Short-horn and Hereford, may 
be the best beefer, yet the heifer of such 
a union has yet to win recognition in any 
class of distinguishing merit, except that 
she is fattened for the block ; upon the 
whole, it is doubtful whether the excel¬ 
lency of such a cross has in any number 
of times proved so marked that it can be 
classed other than a coincidence, and not 
as a rule. I do not believe that any 
animal can be thoroughbred unless it 
carries wholly the blood of a distinct 
breed; and that pure blood, crossbred, 
grades, common stock, the last the re¬ 
sult of mixing all the known pure breeds 
and bloods in existence, and scrubs, are 
only different degrees of the same thing. 
.JOHN GOULD. 
FORKFULS OF FACTS. 
It is s:ii<l that horses are higher in France than 
in any other country, yet more horse meat is used 
for human food in France, than in any other 
country. 
A Maine farmer reports a pig five mouths of 
age, that weighed 300 pounds. This seems to be 
the most remarkable gain in pork that has ever 
been reported. 
A man on Long Island claims that black poodle 
dogs are a sure cure for rheumatism. He has 
been troubled for years with rheumatism in the 
leg, and with each severe attack, one of his dogs 
takes that leg for a bed. As a rule, the man is 
able to dance for several days, while the dog 
limps along, almost unable to use his feet. This 
may be sport for the man, but it is rough on the 
dog. 
Fewer Small Factokiks.— Prof. H. H. Dean 
says in Farming: “The small building, poorly 
constructed and poorly furnished, having a poor 
maker, will make poor patrons. These little 
places operated at a loss are a hindrance to the 
development and improvement of the dairy in¬ 
dustry. The large, well-equipped and well- 
manned factory is in a position to produce goods 
of more uniform quality, which will bring a 
higher price, and at less cost for manufacturing 
than can the small establishments.” 
Doo and Cow.—Here is a picture by L. S. Hardin, 
in Home and Farm : “ The dog whips around the 
pasture, cheered on by the boys, barking and 
snapping at the heels of the cows, until he forces 
them through the bars with a rush and gets them 
in line in the lane. Now bow does a cow with a 
heavy stomach and a big udder look when she is 
running from a dog? Is she not the most dis¬ 
tressing creature in the world ? Her eyes have a 
frightened look, her udder swings from side to 
side, and is generally leaking with milk at every 
jump. The hind cows in the lane are always the 
heaviest milkers and the chief object of attack 
of both boys and dogs, who are certain to be 
blamed if there is any delay in bringing up the 
cows.” 
Youno Hen Motheus. — I find in Hope Farm 
Notes, page 643, mention of an early-laying Black 
Minorca pullet. Our Black Beauty—named in 
honor of Hope Farm favorite—is all her name 
implies, fine form, proud graceful carriage and 
plumage like satin. She was hatched February 
15, 1898, her sire and dam at that time being 
under eight months old. On June 15 (four months 
of age) she laid her first egg. Early in July, she 
hid her nest, and we never found it until—as it 
afterwards proved—she had been sitting a week. 
On August 2, she came off with a brood of strong, 
healthy chicks—the proudest little mother ever 
seen. That would make her 5 months and 18 
days old—is there a younger mother on record ? 
Some of the pullets from the S. C. White Leghorn 
stock mentioned in The R. N.-Y., March 5, 1898, 
page 163, began laying July 15, when 4*4 months 
old. They were larger at that time than the old 
hens, but they have always had free range, while 
the hens were reared in yards. mbs. a. j. a. 
Hazardville, Conn. 
Reports from South America are that there is 
a dearth of horses and mules in Argentina. This 
country has been selling its best stock to South 
American countries and also to Africa. It is now 
proposed to put an export duty on such stock in 
order to keep more of it at home. Here should be 
an opportunity for American breeders. 
Breeding Sheep.— We allow about 10 ewes to a 
young ram, and about twice as many to an old 
one. We have never kept a ram longer than 
seven years, but have no doubt that rams can be 
kept longer if vigorous. We usually permit the 
ram to run with the ewes, and in such case, he 
gets the same feed; but in some cases where 
extra work is required, he is kept up and fed 
grain, generally corn and oats mixed. With our 
sheep (Dorset and Rambouillet), we have no 
difficulty in getting them to breed at any time by 
feeding a little extra, although I believe we have 
never tried to breed for lambs earlier than No¬ 
vember. As we breed mostly for stock sheep, I 
prefer to have lambs in the Spring, as a rule. 
Almost anything in the way of breeding sheep 
can be done, if one goes intelligently about it, 
and does not expect innovations too quickly. 
Greene, N. Y. j. d. van valkenburgh. 
Dirty Butter 
is an abomination. 
It doesn’t pay any¬ 
body to make that 
kind. We know you 
don’t mean to make 
that kind, but you 
simply cannot help it 
by the ordinary meth¬ 
od. This LITTLE 
GIANT SEPARA¬ 
TOR takes all the 
dirt out of the milk, 
even to foul .odors. 
Leaves only pure 
sweet cream. That makes pure sweet 
butter, the kind that gets the top price. 
P. M. SHARPLES, 
Branches; West Chester, Pa. 
Elgin, Ill. 
Omaha, Neb. 
Dubuque, Iowa. 
Top Price Butter. 
Was the Cow Drunk ?—In regard to the Hope 
Farm cow (see page 659), the consensus of opinion 
is that she did not have so very nearly a sun¬ 
stroke, as she did a glorious old drunk, and the 
worst of all, a cider drunk. We have had cows 
get into the orchard and eat their fill of apples, 
and go drunk for three days before they could 
stand on their feet. The ferment of the apples 
makes a sufficient amount of alcohol to produce 
a most stupefying effect, and a fever that dries 
up the fountains of milk. But when over the 
spree, the milk would come again. Some of the 
cows would not go down, but would stagger 
about, and have a most comical leer, probably 
not having eaten so many apples as others. The 
last cow that went on an apple spree, ate about 
two bushels of apples, and lay drunk three days 
before she could stand on her feet. Wecalled'ii 
a drunk, but were not taking The R. N.-Y. then 
to find out that it was “ sunstroke ”. j. g. 
R. N.-Y.—This is pretty hard on a man who raD 
for the legislature on the Prohibition ticket last 
Fall! We did not think the cow had enough ap¬ 
ples to produce any such effect. Who can pro 
duce further evidence of drunkenness in cows ? 
Those alarming catarrhal fevers to which many 
children are subject, can be prevented or cured with 
timely doses of Jayne’s Expectorant. 
Easy to take and effectual, Jayne’s Painless Sana¬ 
tive Pills.— Adv. 
If you keep cows 
you want a cream separator, and 
you want the one that runs the easiest, 
skims closest, cleans quickest and is 
most substantial. We 
guarantee the flikado 
Empire 
Cream Separator 
to fill these requirements 
or no sale. Our catalogue 
explains why this is true. 
Send your address. 
We want responsible agents 
in unoccupied territory. 
U. S. Butter Extractor Co., Newark, N. J. 
CREAM SEPARATORS. 
De Laval “Alpha ” and “Baby ” Separators. 
First—Best—Cheapest. All Styles—Sizes 
Prices, $50 to $800. 
Save $10 per cow per year. Send for Catalogue. 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO., 
Randolph and Canal Streets, I 74 Cortlandt St reet, 
CHICAGO. | NEW YORK. 
COOK Yonr FEED and Save 
Half the Cost—with the 
PROFIT FARM BOILER 
With Dumping Caldron. Emp¬ 
ties Us kettle In one minute. The 
simplest and best arrangement for 
cooking food for stock. Also mako 
Dairy and Laundry Stoves, 
Water and Steam Jacket Ket¬ 
tles, Hog Scalders, Caldrons, 
etc. tff~ Send for circulars. 
D It. SPERRY & Co., Batavia, 1U. 
HALL STEEL TANKS 
are the beet for supplying 
water for live stock. Being 
made of galvanized steel they 
cannot rust, rot, burst from 
freezing, fall to pieces from 
drying oat, etc. Wo make tanks for all purj>oses. Also troughs for 
feeding calves and pigs, cooling milk, hauling liquid manure, 
etc. Write for what you want. We will make it. Special price 
to first i-Vjuiriee from new territory. Circulars and price list 
mailed THE HALL STEEL TANK CO. 
free. 68 N. Aehlund Ave. CHICAGO, ILL. 
The kind that a fancy private 
trade demands, is colored with 
Thatcher's Orange Butter Color — 
the color that does not contain 
any poison. Send for a sample. 
TH ATCHER MFG. CO., Potsdam. H.Y, 
TRUE DAIRY SUPPLY CO., 
CONTRACTORS AND BUILDERS OF 
Butter and Cheese Factories, 
AND MANUFACTURERS OF 
Machinery, Apparatus and Supplies for 
Cheese and Butter Factories, 
Creameries and Dairies. 
303,305,307 and 309 Lock St., Syracuse, N. Y. 
References: First Nat. Bankof Syracuse; State Bank 
of Syracuse; R. G. Dun & Co.’s Mercantile Agency; 
The Bradstreet Co.’s Mercantile Agency, or any Bank 
or Business House In Syracuse and adjacent towns. 
HOOK ON-GUT OFF 
The easiest-working, closest- 
oatting, simplest, strongest 
And handiest dehorner 
is the latest 
„ IMPROVED 
CONVEX DEHORNER 
I Never crushes the horn nor pulls it apart Mads 
on an entirely now principle. Catalogue free 
WEIISTKK A DICKINSON, UuxIM ClirHtlnnn, l*». 
Weztcrn trado supplied Iroul Chicago salesroom 
SAL KEY5T0NE DEHORNING’CUPPER5 
c Quiet, Orderly, Gentle and Safe 
Imn 1 In thn Ann tlw. t 1. „.11__ .1 
The „ , 
animal is the one that 
has been dehorned. 
VJAU.U nan ut un UQI 
It means unlmul eorafort and that means 
unlmnl profit. This knife cuts clean, no 
crushing or bruising. It Is quick, causes 
least pain. Strong and lasting. Fully war¬ 
ranter!. Highest awards World’s Fair. Send 
for freo circulars and prices before buying. 
A. C. BROMirs, Coehrnnvllle, 1*«. 
PERFECTION CALF DEHORNER 
Will deboro 
calves from 
two weeks to 
three months 
old, leaves the surTOUndm^ flesh but do stubs, 
tnd does not injure tbc skull.- Fully warranted. 
Write for circular 
B. A. BULLOCK. Flint. Mich. 
THE CHAIN HANGING 
CATTLE STANCHION. 
The most practical and humane Fastener ever in¬ 
vented. Gives perfect freedom of the head, Illus¬ 
trated Circular and price free on application. 
Manufactured by O. II. ROBERTSON, 
Forestville, Conn. 
Sharpen your own Horse. 
THE BLIZZARD 
the greatest of all 
HORSE ICE CALKS 
Agents Wanted. Address, 
S.W. KENT,Cazenovia,N.Y. 
Before Buying a New Harness 
Send 4c In stampB to pay postage on 
116-page Illustrated Catalog of Custom- 
Made Oak Leather Harness,sold direct 
to the consumer at Wholesale prices. 
100 STYLES TO SELECT FROM. 
We manufacture our own work and 
can Have you money. 
KING HARNESS CO., 82 Church St., Owego, N. Y. 
The Improved U, S. Cream Separators 
In thoroughness of separation take the lead. 
In completeness of design and ease of operation excel 
all others. 
Are more substantially made and are superior in all 
points to all others. 
All Styles and Sizes. $ 75.00 to $ 625 . 00 . 
Agents in all dairy sections. 
Send for latest illustrated catalogues. 
VERMONT FARM MACHINE CO., - Bellows Falls, Vt 
