292 
April 16 
FEEDING YOUNG LAMBS. 
The time to push any young animal is 
when it is first old enough to digest the 
extra food given to it. Lambs will eat 
a little meal when two or three weeks 
old. I have been feeding mine since that 
age, and at two months, several of them 
weigh 40 pounds each, which is more 
than half as much as the ewes weigh. 
These are the lambs of common native 
sheep without any trace of improved 
blood in them. For several years past, 
I have been experimenting with the com¬ 
mon native stock of cows and sheep, 
poultry as well, and trying to test the 
question whether it is breed or feed that 
makes the improvement in our live stock. 
A few years ago, I described a race of 
cows which I have been keeping, of the 
common native stock of this mountain 
region, in which cattle, sheep and swine, 
gather their own food the whole year 
round, to a large extent. They, of 
course, belong to that class commonly 
called runts or scrubs, but it is their mis¬ 
fortune and not their fault, 1 find, that 
they are thus. So with my few sheep, 
the feeding, like that of the cows, does 
everything that can be desired, even in 
the best kind of stock. 
Some of my heifers have made 12 
pounds of butter a week, most of them 
have exceeded seven pounds, and the 
ability to do this has constantly grown 
since the old cow I started with made 
but three pounds. She has been im¬ 
proved so much by generous feeding that 
the present owner is still cherishing her 
at the age of 15 years, as the best cow 
of the neighborhood. Her picture was 
shown in The R. N.-Y. a few years ago, 
and she has improved since then. 
So with the sheep, the extra food the 
lambs get, both through the feeding of 
the ewes and their own daily rations of 
a mixture of cotton-seed meal, bran and 
corn meal, are growing fast, and will 
make large sheep. Usually a lamb in 
this locality is not worth killing until it 
is nine or ten months old, when it may 
dress 25 pounds. Mine are now getting 
good grass pasture, with half a pint of 
the mixed meal, and will dress this at 
four months old. I have a small pen 
under which the lambs creep and get 
their meal, in a trough, without inter¬ 
ference from the ewes, which get then- 
ration of corn outside. Half a pint a 
day is their allowance, and so far, this 
has been the whole cost of feed for the 
flock the whole Winter, during which 
the ground has not been covered with 
snow enough to prevent the sheep from 
pasturing. Most of the flock, the ewes 
even with their lambs, are fit for mut¬ 
ton. It would have been possible to 
carry the flock through without any 
hand feeding, but the growth of wool 
due to the better feeding than usual, 
will pay a. profit on their keeping. H. s. 
Macon County, N. C. 
SHALL I TAKE MY MILK TO THE 
CHEESE FACTORY? 
Most of the factories in this vicinity 
have $1 per 100 pounds for making and 
furnishing. At that rate, the owner of 
the factory gets better pay for his labor, 
and more income from capital invested, 
than patrons receive. The sale of the 
cheese should be under control of a sales¬ 
man chosen by the patrons. The real 
question is, In which way can the best 
x-esult be secured—by making butter at 
home, or sending milk to the cheese fac¬ 
tory ? The present outlook affords lit¬ 
tle prospect of profit in either branch of 
the business. Prices are alike low for 
butter or cheese. Last Spring, cheese 
was comparatively high in price, and 
factories were patronized by many who 
had been making butter the previous 
year. The result was an overstocked 
market with attendant low prices, 
and thousands of boxes of cheese un¬ 
sold and stored in the country through 
the Winter. Late sales are at very low 
prices, and offer no inducement to change 
from butter to cheese production. If the 
factory is at the distance of a mile or 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
more from the farm, delivering the milk 
involves nearly as much labor as making 
butter at home, if separator and power 
are used. If butter can be made at 
home without employing extra or special 
help, money used in purchasing improved 
apparatus will prove a paying invest¬ 
ment. Every dairyman should own and 
use a separator, even though the milk is 
taken to the factory six months in the 
year. 
Present indications do not warrant the 
expectation of more than 60 cents per 
100 pounds net for milk at the factory 
for the coming season. The value of 
skim-milk fed to thrifty pigs, or used in 
raising the right kind of heifer calves, is 
not less than 10 cents per 100 pounds. 
The fertilizing material in such milk is 
alone of that value, and nearly the whole 
amount can, with proper management, 
be saved in the manure. This is quite 
an item, and may. with whole milk at 60 
cents per 100 pounds, represent the entire 
profit of the dairy averaging less than 
5,000 pounds per cow in the year. If a 
dairy will yield an average of only 200 
pounds of butter in a year, it is quite 
important that improvement should be 
made, and the amount be increased to, 
at least, 300 pounds. A purebred bull, 
indorsed by the right kind of pedigree 
records, should be obtained, and heifers 
raised. Separator milk, with hay and 
"suitable grain ration, fed to calves kept 
in the stable through the Summer, will 
contribute greatly to success in improv¬ 
ing the dairy. Heifers so raised will be 
very sure to come in profit when two 
years of age. and it is quite possible that 
the first cross with the purebred bull 
will result in the desired 300-pound but¬ 
ter average. Such was the result in my 
own experience; from less than 200 
pounds, to more than 300 average in the 
year was quite satisfactory for the first 
cross. 
It pays to raise heifers of the right 
kind, and to raise them well. Correct 
raising is quite as important as breed or 
pedigree. If more are raised than are 
needed to replenish the dairy, they are 
always salable at prices fully as re¬ 
munerative as 18-cent butter or 8-cent 
cheese. There can be no profit in rais¬ 
ing runts. Whey from the cheese factory 
is of no appreciable value for improving 
the dairy. Raising and improving dairy 
stock is of no small importance, and 
should have some influence in deciding 
whether milk should be taken to the 
cheese factory, or butter made at home. 
Lewis County, N. Y. c. s. rice. 
A dilapidated hen-house, full of 
cracks, with sheathing away, shin¬ 
gles half off of the roof, broken 
window-panes, etc. 
How often this is seen, and yet 
the owner wonders why his hens 
do not lay more eggs. 
Keep your hen-house warm and 
dry. We wish to suggest a cheap 
and serviceable way. 
Covering it with Neponset Water¬ 
proof Red Rope Fabric , which is 
water, wind, frost, and vermin 
proof, is very inexpensive and dur¬ 
able. It only costs one cent a 
square foot at the factory, with 
■nails and tin caps to put it on. 
Line the inside with Neponset 
Black Building Paper , which is 
water, air, and vermin proof, odor¬ 
less, clean, and exceedingly inex¬ 
pensive; you have a snug, com¬ 
fortable hen-house with a very 
small outlay. 
Full particulars and 
samples free. Write 
F. W. Bird & Son, 
East Walpole, Mass. 
For sale by Dealers 
in Hardware, Lum¬ 
ber, and Building 
Supplies. 
America’s Six Greatest 
Dairying Authorities on 
Cream Separators. 
-- i ■ —- 
University of Wisconsin Experiment Station. 
Madison, Wis., Jan. 10,1898. 
“Another year’s experience in our creamery, which we operate in aprac- 
tical way as well as for experimentation and instruction, has Riven us still 
higher appreciation of the ‘Alpha’ De Laval separators. The exhaustiveness 
of the skimming under the varying conditions of milk-flow and temperature 
continues highly satisfactory and the machines give full evidence of lasting 
qualitiesunderdailyu.se.” W. A. Henry, Dean and Director. 
Cornell University Experiment Station. 
Ithaca, N. Y., Jan. 10.1898. 
“ Another year’s experience serves to confirm our opinion of the ‘Alpha’ 
De Laval separators. It has been my good fortune to observe closely the 
operation of a large number of separators of the various kinds in general 
use, and my observation has led me to lielieve that in material, workman¬ 
ship, and efficiency of separation, 1 lie ‘ Alpha ’ De Laval machines easily 
rank first.” H. H. Wing, Professor of Dairy Husbandry. 
Michigan Experiment Station. 
Agricultural College, Mich., Jan. 12,1898. 
“ It gives me great pleasure to repeat my testimony as to the value aiid 
efficiency of the De Laval separators. For another year they have been in 
constant use under my immediate observation. The per cent. of fat in t he 
skim-milk is seldom more than a mere trace. Although subjected to the 
trying conditions of our Dairy course, where beginners must put them to¬ 
gether and operate them, they have required little or no repairs and are 
still in excellent condition. The results of a long course of experiments, 
during which these machines have been subjected to every reasonable test, 
commend them for efficiency, thoroughness of skimming, small power re¬ 
quired, ease of management and perfect construction.” 
Clinton D. Smith, Director. 
Dr. S. M. Babcock. 
University of Wisconsin Experiment Station. 
Madison, Wis., March 5,1897. 
“ For the past six or seven years we have used at the Experiment Station 
and in our Dairy School nearly every tyj>e of I)e Laval separators, and 
without exception they have given excellent satisfaction. We have had 
the ‘ Alpha’ machines in our Creamery and Dairy School since their first in¬ 
troduction in the United States. These machines are easily managed, skim 
close under varying conditions, run light, cost little for repairs, and give a 
smooth cream, well suited for pasteurizing and the general trade, as well as 
for the manufacture of butter.” S. M. Baiscock, Chief Chemist. 
The author of “American Dairying.” 
De Kalb, Ill., Jan. 17,1898. 
“I became acquainted with the ‘Alpha’ separators when first, intro¬ 
duced in this country, while in the employ of the Wisconsin State Experi¬ 
ment Station as Dairy Instructor, in 1891. Its work then convinced me 
that it was superior to any separator in the lield. This opinion has been 
fortified more strongly each succeeding year by what 1 have learned of its 
work in comparison with other separators.” H. B. Gurler. 
University of Minnesota Experiment Station. 
St. Anthony Park, Minn., Jan. 24,1898. 
“We have now operated the different sizes of the‘Alpha’ De Laval 
separators in our college of agriculture, school of agriculture, and experi¬ 
ment station for the past seven veam, and in every instance they nave 
given entire satisfaction. They all skim clean to their full rated capacity 
and at a wider range of temperature than is claimed for them. I do not see 
how it could be otherwise when the law of gravity and the distance the 
milk must travel in passing through the separator is taken into account. 
The thinner the layer of milk as it passes between the discs, and the further 
the milk must travel under centrifugal pressure the more exhaustive and 
complete the separation. It, therefore, follows that the ‘ Alpha’ is t he ideal 
separator.” T. L. Haecker, Professor of Dairy Husbandry. 
The sale of “ Alpha-Baby ” cream separators is now almost 
universal. The number in use exceeds 125,000. Their sale is ten 
to one of that of all imitating machines combined. The improved 
1898 machines are better than ever, and possess from 10$ to 25$ 
greater intrinsic cost and producing value than ever before. Send 
for new “Dairy” catalogue No. 268 or new “ Creamery” cata¬ 
logue No. 508. _ 
The De Laval Separator Co. 
Western Offices: 
Randolph & Canal Sts. 
CHICAGO. 
General Offices: 
74 CORTLANDT STREET, 
NEW YORK. 
Branch Offices: 
1102 Arch Street, 
PHILADELPHIA. 
CABOT’S 
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SAMUEL CABOT, Sole Mfr., 
81 Kilby St., Boston, .Mass. 
Agents at all Central Points. 
for 
HOUSES. 
BARNS, 
STABLES, 
SHEDS, 
FENCES, 
Send for Sam¬ 
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Wood and Color 
studies of houses 
HYDRAULIC RAMS. 
The most efficient ram in the market 
for the price. Send for circular and 
prices. F. B. HANSON, 
173 Centre Street, New York. 
“Don’t Blow so Hard” 
gaitl the wind mill, “You should be able 
to stand it” said the w'ind. 
THE PERKINS 
Wind 
Mills 
PERKINS I ?;,7ny 
kind of 
wind 
aiulneverleavetheirtower. Either 
wood or steel, pumping or power. 
All sizes for all purposes. Ask for 
what you want. Catalogue lree. 
PERKINS WIND MII.L CO. 
9 Race St., Misliawuka, Ind. 
RIFE HYDRAULIC ENGINE 
Will pump more water than any 
hydraulic ram. 
Pumps 30 feet high for each foot of 
fall. Minimum fall, Is 
inches. Maximum ele¬ 
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WON'T W VTF.U LOG. 
NKVKK STOPS. 
Power Specialty Co., 126 Liberty St., New York. 
EVERYBODY SAYS SO 
—that is everybody who has any knowledge of 
1 the subject—that the STAR DRILLINQ 
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J w -l\ m Here are some of the reasons. Kospritzv, 
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Ij ^eC VYi „ to the mlnnte, mounted on beet wagon 
wheel* with trues redded axles, u* 
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