1898 
AILING ANIMALS. 
ANSWERS BY DR. F. L. KILBORNE. 
Colt With Sprung Knees. 
My mare colt, five year driver, has weak legs 
about the knees that look as though sprung. What 
will cure it ? t. e. e. 
Crosskeys, N. J. 
Add one ounce stronger aqua ammonia to a 
pint of soap liniment, and shake well. Bathe 
the back tendons from above the knees to the 
fetlock daily with this liniment, and rub vigor¬ 
ously for several minutes after each application. 
Should the skin become blistered, omit for a few 
days, after which repeat as before. The colt 
should have only slow, light exercise for several 
months. The treatment should be followed by 
improvement, but a cure cannot be expected. 
The trouble will, also, be liable to be aggravated 
if the colt is put to severe labor or driven at a 
rapid pace. 
Fatal Diarrhea in Young Lambs. 
I have lost about 20 little lambs, two or three 
days old, from looseness of the bowels. What is 
the cause of the trouble ? The sheep have all 
the clean water they want, and early-cut, bright 
Alsike hay. When the hay was mowed away, I 
used four quarts of salt to the load. Would the 
salt cause the trouble ? p. d. l. 
Lamington, N. J. 
The trouble is, probably, due to some fault 
with the ewe. Unless the salt causes undue loose¬ 
ness of the bowels in the ewe, it ought not to 
affect the lambs. A change of feed would be de¬ 
sirable. If the ewes are weak or thin, feed wheat 
bran and oats. The affected lambs should re¬ 
ceive one-half teaspoonful of the following mix¬ 
ture diluted in an equal quantity of water, every 
four hours, or in severe cases, every two hours: 
whisky, four ounces; tincture Jamaica ginger, 
one ounce; laudanum, two drams; mix. 
Hernia in a Colt. 
My two-year-old filly has a small hernia the size 
of a hen’s egg. We first noticed it when she was 
about one year old. I tried bandaging, but could 
not fix the bandage firmly enough in position. 
Then I saw your advice to T. D., in The R. N.-Y. 
of October 9, 1897, which seemed to be exactly the 
thing. I had the biniodide of mercury and vase¬ 
line prepared as you directed, and have applied 
it twice, rubbing it in thoroughly with no result 
whatever, no blister resulting. Can you advise 
me further ? x,. m. s. 
Mt. Morris, N. Y. 
The biniodide of mercury ointment, if made 
with two drams of biniodide to the ounce of vase¬ 
line, will always blister on the horse if a sufficient 
quantity of the ointment is used and well rubbed 
in for several minutes against the direction of 
the hair. It is a powerful blister, which often 
blemishes when too freely or extensively used. 
In some cases, “sweating” of the surface will 
force the ointment out on the hair. When this 
occurs, it should be well rubbed in again after 
two or three hours. I would advise repeating 
the blister as directed above. If the ointment is 
good and thoroughly applied, you should get a 
severe blister. 
Catarrh and Sore Throat in Cattle. 
I received a number of purebred Holsteins a 
week ago, from a distance; one cow, when she 
came, breathed hard, making a bass, rough 
sound. She was swollen back of both jaws and 
under her throat considerably. She eats and 
drinks with some difficulty, chokes in drinking, 
and heaves every four or five swallows she 
takes, throwing some water from nose and 
mouth. She has a young calf that runs with her. 
She is rather thin, but hair looks well. t. g. p. 
Nebraska. 
The symptoms do not indicate either tubercu¬ 
losis or lumpy-jaw, but catarrh and sore throat. 
In cases of this kind, the symptoms are liable to 
change frequently during the course of the dis¬ 
ease, requiring a change in treatment, so that it 
is very unsatisfactory to prescribe by corres¬ 
pondence. For such cases, a qualified veteri- 
. narian ought to be called at once, as delay may 
be followed bv fatal results. In general, the ani¬ 
mal should have had the head steamed, at least 
once or twice daily, and the throat and swellings 
rubbed every other day with ammonia liniment 
until the skin was well blistered. A paste may 
be made by mixing solid extract of belladonna, 
two ounces; nitrate of potash, powdered ex¬ 
tract of licorice, and honey, of each four ounces; 
smear a small tablespoonful on the tongue and 
back teeth three times daily after eating. A 
half ounce of chloride of potash should be given 
in the drinking water twice daily. If there is 
constipation, give four ounces of Glauber salts 
or one pint of raw linseed oil daily until relieved. 
Skin Eruption on Cattle. 
I have two cattle that are affected with a 
mysterious complaint. Case No. 1 is a three-year- 
old new milch cow, calf 12 days old, which has 
lost flesh rapidly since calving; but the first out¬ 
ward signs of any moment were when spots the 
size of a 50-cent piece appeared on the neck as 
though the hair was chafed off. On closer in¬ 
spection, the neck was found to be covered from 
shoulders to horns with large blotches, which 
appear to partly dry and scab over, but break 
again. The cow’s udder appeared to be in fair 
condition, excepting a slight swelling in hind 
part, when it suddenly peeled nearly one-half 
the skin, and dripped a bloody, watery matter; 
around the edges of the raw spot, were pustules 
filled with yellow matter extending from the teats 
to the hair. Nothing is to be seen on the teats ' 
themselves, and they have a perfectly healthy 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
331 
appearance. She eats well and drinks well. 
Case No. 2 is a yearling bull with ears covered 
with the same spots; one ear is cracked half in 
two lengthways. There are no other marks as 
yet on him, and it has shown for only two days. 
What shall I do ? I am using a 10 per cent solu¬ 
tion of carbolic acid. p. j. w. 
Jamestown, R. I. 
I am unable to form a definite opinion from 
your description as to the nature of the lesions. 
You are, evidently, in error as to the strength of 
the carbolic acid solution you are using. Water 
will dissolve only about five per cent of the acid; 
unless you are using a mixture containing un¬ 
dissolved add your solution cannot be stronger 
than five per cent. A two to three per cent solu¬ 
tion would be strong enough for use in these 
cases. An ointment would, undoubtedly, be 
better than the wash. Try the benzoated oxide 
of zinc ointment. 
The White Scours in Calves. 
I have just lost three young calves from white 
scours. Do you consider it a contagious dis¬ 
ease, or is it wholly contracted from feeding the 
calf? When the calf is sucking its dam, is the 
feed of the cow a cause of it ? Can ensilage fed 
to the cows cause it, if not fed more than once a 
day, and not more than 25 pounds to a feed ? 
Will the feeding of ensilage an hour before 
milking cause any bad effects? What can you 
recommend for the calves, and is there any use 
trying to save them after the disease has got a 
firm hold ? r. h. w. 
Vermont. 
The white scours in young calves is, undoubted¬ 
ly, due to a specific germ or organism. Thedisease 
frequently becomes epidemic. The feeding of 
the dam has very little, if anything, to do with 
causing the disease. The feeding of ensilage in 
reasonable quantity will not cause the trouble. 
The disease can, usually, be cured if treated 
from the outset. As soon as the calf shows the first 
symptoms, give as a drench two tablespoonfuls 
of castor oil, to which add one teaspoonful each 
of laudanum and tincture of Jamaica ginger. 
Then give one-half teaspoonful of laudanum with 
one teaspoonful of the tincture of ginger every 
four hours until the diarrhea is checked. If the 
calf becomes weak, give two teaspoonfuls of 
whisky in a little hot water every four hours. 
If the calf is being raised by hand, add one-fourth 
or one-fifth part lime-water to the milk. Do not 
feed more than one pint of milk at once, but re¬ 
peat the quantity every four hours. If the calf 
is on the cow, do not allow it to suck but a few 
minutes at a time. Whitewash the sides of the 
calf pen, or anything with which the calves have 
been in contact, and dust the floor and droppings 
with dry, air-slaked quicklime. 
iiiiiiiiiiiiiimimimiiiiiimiiiiiimmmmmiiiiimiiiiiiiimiiiiu 
Soft-Shelled Eggs.— What do our pullets need 
to produce harder-shelled eggs? We are feeding 
a variety of food, as corn, wheat, oats and wheat 
bran, besides apples and vegetables. They have 
green oyster and clam shells by them all the 
time, and plenty of gravel to scratch in, but we 
are finding a great many eggs with very thin 
shells. Do they need lime in some form ? g. m. b. 
East Park, N. Y. 
Ans.—I think that G. M. B.’s pullets will get all 
the lime needed for the shells from clover hay. 
It is very likely that they are too fat for best re 
suits,as overfat will cause soft shells on eggs. If 
he will make the morning feed up principally of 
cut clover hay, say about two-thirds or three- 
fourths of the bulk, the rest bran or shorts, gluten 
ineal, and ground meat, moistened and mixed 
thoroughly, and feed the grain ration sparingly, 
and in litter at least five or six inches deep, so 
that they will have to exercise to get it, the egg 
shells will become harder in a short time. When 
convenient, it is well to boil or steam the clover, 
and allow it to cool before feeding. Never feed 
hot mash in cold weather, as the fowls are more 
susceptible to colds. j. e. stevenson. 
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some of your old buildings, pre¬ 
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and clapboards on outbuildings. 
Very much cheaper. Costs only 
one cent per square foot at the 
factory, with the necessary nails 
and tin caps for putting it on. 
For inside lining Neponset Black 
Building Paper is serviceable and 
economical. 
Full particulars and 
samples free. Write 
F. W. Bird & Son, 
East Walpole, Mass. 
For sale by Dealers 
in Hardware, Lum¬ 
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Supplies. 
UjiiiiiiimiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiniiHmiiimiimmiiiimii! 
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flood Flavored 
j K is always insured 
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Save the COWS. 
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$50 IN A LUMP 
1 hat is just about the 
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_quinns; 
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