1898 
363 
Profit in Pigs. — Continued. 
dressing, and neither is included in the 
statement : 
Dr. 
1,050 pounds of corn meal at 70 cents. 17.35 
First cost. 4.00 
Skim-milk. 3.00 
Total.$14.35 
Cr. 
275 pounds) . ... . 
246 pounds f at cents .* 28 - 8 ° 
Profit.$14.50 
Cost per pound, 2 % cents. 
They were farrowed May 1, purchased 
June (3, and killed November 24. They 
had running water in one corner of 
their 16 x 32-foot yard, and never stood 
on a floor. The expense for housing was 
so small that I see no reason why this 
is not a profitable scheme, and the bal¬ 
ance nearly all a direct profit. What a 
fertile field one would have after it had 
been divided into small yards with cheap, 
removable fences, and a pair of pigs fat¬ 
tened in each section. If such results 
could be obtained as given above, one 
could make money and enrich a field at 
the same time. The system of feeding 
is simple, and theonly thing which would 
prevent is the individuality of the ani¬ 
mals. One made 29 pounds more meat 
than the other, but as both ate out of 
the same trough, may not have eaten as 
much. A third pig might not have con¬ 
sumed as much meal, and weighed only 
200 pounds. The highest success requires 
hearty feeders and rapid growers of 
some large breed. There must be a good 
long frame to fill out, and strong bone, 
to stand an exclusive corn ration, c. K. c. 
AILING ANIMALS. 
ANSWERS BY DR. F. L. KILBORNK. 
Strangles or Influenza in Horses. 
What is the best cure for horses that have the 
distemper in a bad form ? Several have died 
here. I have one that is in bad shape; his neck 
swelled, and I had to open it. His legs swell, and 
now blood runs from his eyes and nostrils. He 
can scarcely eat. ,j. n. r. 
Colorado. 
“Distemper” is a popular, general name for 
any catarrhal, febrile condition In a horse. With 
the meager symptoms given, I am unable to 
judge whether you are dealing with the strangles 
or “distemper” of colts, or influenza affecting 
horses of all ages. If it is strangles, the deaths 
and the case you describe are due to what is 
known as irregular or bastard strangles; and if 
influenza, it has, probably, terminated in acute 
anasarca. In eithercase, the condition frequently 
terminates fatally. Satisfactory treatment can 
be prescribed only under the personal observa¬ 
tions of a competent veterinarian. 
Congestion of Udder Following Parturition in 
a Cow. 
I have a valuable cow (she makes two pounds 
of butter per day), but several times when she 
became fresh, I had great trouble to reduce the 
swelling of her udder. She eats well, and ap¬ 
pears all right, but it takes a mouth to get rid of 
the swelling. What course shall I pursue to 
prevent the trouble, or to relieve it ? She will be 
due to calve in about six weeks. o. d. t. 
Pennsylvania. 
Place the cow on a restricted dry diet for, at 
least two to three weeks before due to calve. If 
she is in good flesh, feed no grain during this 
time, and none after calving until the congestion 
has been reduced. If the udder become unduly 
hard before calving, begin milking regularly 
twice daily, and after calving milk three times 
daily as long as the congestion continues. As 
soon as the calf is dropped, give one pound of 
Epsom salts, and follow by tablespoonful doses 
of nitrate of potash once daily. Repeat the salts 
in three or four days if the bowels are not moved 
by the first dose. Locally, bathe the udder 
several times daily with hot water, or rub with 
hot castor oil or lard, rubbing and kneading the 
udder 15 or 20 minutes each time, after which ap¬ 
ply belladonna ointment. 
Chronic Open Sore on Horse's Leg. 
My young horse in good condition, was snagged 
on the hind leg below the gambrel joint, a year 
ago. The spot was about the size of the two 
hands, and about two inches of the bone was 
bare. A fungous growth has started and grown 
to a great size. We took this all off with medicine, 
but the trouble is to heal it and keep it from 
growing again, which it seems Inclined to do. Is 
there any danger that the bone was injured ? 
The horse is not lame to speak of. c. w. m. 
Michigan. 
Try dusting twice daily with one part iodoform 
mixed with three parts finely powdered oxide of 
zinc. If the sore assume an unhealthy growth or 
appearance, dust with pulverized sulphate of 
copper, and allow it to remain 24 hours, after 
which wash off with Castile soapsuds, and dust 
with the iodoform powder as before. Apply a fly 
blister two or three inches all around the sore, 
taking care not to come within an inch of the raw 
surface with the blister. Rub the blister well into 
the skin, and if the surface be not well blistered 
in three days, repeat the application. If the bone 
is still exposed, there may be dead bone which 
would have to be removed before the wound will 
heal. If you have a qualified veterinary surgeon 
near you, it would be better to take the horse to 
him for a personal examination and treatment. 
The wound can, probably, be healed if properly 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
treated; but it is difficult to treat such chronic 
cases satisfactorily by correspondence. 
Navicular Disease in a Horse. 
I have a 12-year-old, 1,200-pound horse, which 
has been stabled all Winter, is in good condition, 
is stiff in front, but has not been foundered, yet 
has all the appearance of founder, as regards 
the stiffness. He can not limp, is unable to reach 
out his feet in trotting, and when he steps on an 
uneven spot where the toe is raised, he goes right 
down on that foot. When turned short around, 
he is very stiff, but has no trouble in stepping 
up or over the tongue. Every time he steps, the 
joints crack. When standing, he keeps lifting 
first one foot, then the other (with pain). He lies 
down most of the time when in the stable. I have 
had the feet examined, but find them all right, 
and find no heat or soreness in breast or legs. I 
have owned this horse eight years; he has always 
been very ambitious, always ready to do his 
share, but last Fall, I noticed this stiffness w T heu 
taken from stable; after going a few yards, he 
would be all right. His breast is plump and full. 
He has been on the plow the past week, and 
seems to be growing sorer and stiffer all the time. 
What can I do to relieve him ? a. j. b. 
Niagara County, N. Y. 
The symptoms indicate navicular disease—an 
inflammation or disease of the lower surface of 
the navicular bone of the foot and of the flexor 
tendon that plays over it—but lam unable to say 
definitely from the description. With a small 
hammer, tap the sole of the foot each side of the 
middle of the frog, also the corresponding region 
of the quarter. If the horse flinch, indicating 
tenderness, the diagnosis of navicular disease is 
correct. Tenderness may, also, be detected by 
pressure with the thumb deep down in the hollow 
of the heel, the foot being bent well forward. 
While it is necessary to work the horse, apply a 
mild blister to the coronet and foot and sides of 
the pastern. At night, wrap the feet in cloths 
wet with cold salt and water, and in the morning, 
wipe dry and cover with an ointment of equal 
parts of pine tar and vaseline melted together. 
As soon as the horse can be turned to pasture, 
apply an active blister, and repeat two or three 
times as soon as each preceding blister has 
healed. If there is little or no improvement from 
the treatment, it may be necessary to have the 
horse unnerved. If no tenderness is found in the 
foot, it will be necessary to take the horse to a 
competent veterinarian to have the tenderness 
located before treatment cau be advised. 
Hollow Tail, Wolf-in-the-Tail or Hollow Horn 
in Cattle. 
Can you give me a remedy or, better still, a 
preventive, for “hollow tail”? I have had two 
heifers affected with it this Spring. Very few 
calves seem to escape It in southern Maryland. 
It can hardly be discovered until the calves are 
in very bad shape. The remedy used here is to 
cut the affected part of the tail open and insert 
salt and pepper, and then wrap a cloth around it 
and tie. In a great many cases, the tail falls off. 
When the tail is cut open, the bone seems to be 
gone, and a little worm is often found. What is 
the cause of it ? j. P , H- 
Washiugton, D. C. 
It has been repeatedly explained in these col¬ 
umns that there are no such diseases as “ hollow 
tail,” sometimes called “ wolf-in-tlie-tail,” or 
“ hollow horn ” in cattle. They are popular fal¬ 
lacies that have little or no meaning, beyond in¬ 
dicating that the animal is out of condition or 
diseased. Any obscure disease that causes a 
relaxed condition of the tail, or hot or cold horns, 
is popularly designated as either “ hollow tail ” 
or “ hollow horn,” at the option of the empiric 
giving the opinion. The condition of the tail you 
describe may be due to debility from any cause, 
such as lousiness, indigestion, constipation or 
other disease, or to lack of proper care or nour¬ 
ishment. The soft place near the end of the tail 
is due simply to a relaxed or softened condition 
of the cartilage and other structures of that re¬ 
gion, and is not a disease of itself, but a condi¬ 
tion due to debility, the same as if the calf were 
to fall off in flesh, the loss of flesh would not be a 
disease, but simply a condition due to insufficient 
nourishment or lack of nutrition, as the result of 
some disease or other cause. The “ little worm” 
supposed to be removed is not a worm at all, but 
some one of the relaxed ligaments or sinews of 
the tip of the tail. The splitting of the tail and 
binding up of such irritants as pepper and salt, 
is an unwarranted cruelty to the animal, caus- 
iug inflammation and pain with the subsequent 
loss of the tip of the tail in many cases from 
gangrene. The Society for the Prevention of 
Cruelty to Animals should be able to maintain 
an action for cruelty to animals against any 
person who advises or practices such treatment. 
It does no good whatever, and only causes the 
animal unnecessary pain. You give no symptom 
from which I can form an opinion as to the cause 
of the debility in these cases. I would advise 
you to call at the Veterinary Department of the 
Columbian University, corner of New Jersey 
Avenue and O Street, Northwest, Washington, 
D. C., and personally consult some member of 
the veterinary faculty, who will be able to give 
you a definite opinion as to the cause of the 
trouble and the prevention or treatment. 
“ALPHA DE LAVAL” 
CREAM SEPARATORS. 
De Laval Alpha 
“ Itaby Cream Sepa¬ 
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and cheapest. They are 
guaranteed superior to 
all Imitations and in¬ 
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to one of all others com¬ 
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to $10 per cow per year 
over any setting system, 
a nd $3 to $5 per cow per 
year over any imi¬ 
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New and Improved 
Machines for 1898. 
Send for new Cata¬ 
logue containing a 
fund of up-to-date 
dairy information. 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO., 
Randolph <ft Canal Sts., 
CHICAGO. 
74 Cortlandt Street, 
NEW YORK. 
Big Round Dollars 
Little round globules 
of butter-fat represent 
big round dollars in 
money. The way to 
get the dollars is to 
save the globules. The 
best way to save the 
butter-fat is by the use 
of the 
SHARPLES 
SEPARATORS. 
The Little Gian t 
gets it all at the lowest 
cost for running expenses and repairs. 
Make inquiry. 
P. M. SHARPLES , 
West Chester, Pa 
Branches; 
Elgin, Ill. 
Dubuque, la. 
Omaha, Neb. 
► ♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦ 
Perfect Milk 
Does the milk have a bad taste; 
does It turn sour too quickly! 
the PERFECTlOHf 
Milk Cooler 
and Aerator.. _ 
will stop the trouble. It Is a low priced machine 
and should be in every dairy. Send for circulars. 
L. R.^ L £W/S, ^BNfr.*CorIIand, M. Y. 
Top Price Butter. 
The kind that a fancy private 
trade demands, is colored with 
Thatcher's Orange nutter Color— 
the color that does not contain 
any poison. Send for a sample. 
THATCHER MFG. CO., Potsdam, N.Y 
TRUE DAIRY SUPPLY CO., 
CONTRACTORS AND BUILDERS OF 
Butter and Cheese Factories, 
AND MANUFACTURERS OF 
Machinery, Apparatus and Supplies for 
Cheese and Butter Factories, 
Creameries and Dairies. 
303,305,307 and 309 Lock St., Syracuse, N. Y. 
References: First Nat. Bank of Syracuse; State Bank 
of Syracuse; R. G. Dun & Co.’s Mercantile Agency; 
The Bradstreet Co.’s Mercantile Agency, or any Bank 
or Business House in Syracuse and adjacent towns 
FOR CASH.—Cheese Hoops, 
I Ul vfllfc Presses, Fillers, Followers and Uten¬ 
sils, Patents, Labels, etc., for making 160 5-lb. bricks 
of the famous “Thistle Cheese” per day In which 
there is an established trade. Address 
GRIFFIN k HOXIE. Utica, N. Y 
CORN 
and i ts possibilities under the Silage 
system—being the theme of 
"A BOOK ON SILAGE" 
By Prof. F. Mr. WOLF, 
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and many valuable tables and compounded rations 
for feeding stock. They are going rapidly. 
It Is FREE. Write for a copy 
*—to-morrow may be too late 
SILVER MFC. C 
Salem, Ohio. 
— A. ^ ^ 
Knock ou d , b. Lumbago? 
It’s because you don’t cure It with ST. JACOBS OIL, which pen¬ 
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thefarquhAR 
^PATENT VARIABLE 
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SAW MILL & ENGINE 
BEST SET WORKS IH THE WORLD. Warranted the be.t made. 
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SUCCESS ONE HORSE 
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THE MOST 
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APPLETOH MFG. CO.^SPaW 
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PROOF, by addressing 
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THE LEFFEL ENGINES 
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SEPARATORS, CHURNS, 
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^WELL DRILLING MACHINERY. 
MANUFACTURED BV 
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ITHACA. N.Y. 
| MOUNTED OR ON SILLS, FOR 
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e AOORE55 WILLIAMS BROS. ITHACA.N.Vt 
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9JDER 
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PRESS CO., 
118 W. Water St., Syracuse, N. Y. 
STEEL HOG TROUGHS 
____ S ■ ■ y 
Strong, Durable, Clean, Healthful. 
Constructed entirely of best galvanized steel, 
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HALL STEEL TANK CO. 63 N. Ashland Av. Chicago, III 
