4io 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
.Tune 4 
\UVE STOCK\ 
AND DAIRY. 
HEALTHFUL MILK; HEALTHY COWS. 
TWO BOOKS THAT TELL THE TALE. 
The subject of the production of pure 
and healthful milk is attracting more 
attention than ever before. Particularly 
timely, therefore, are two books just put 
out by Dr. E. F. Brush, of Mount Vernon, 
N. Y., one on Milk, and the other on 
Human and Bovine Tuberculosis. Prob¬ 
ably there is no better authority in the 
world to-day on these topics than Dr. 
Brush, and he practices in his own dairy 
the prescriptions he writes for others. 
The R. N.-Y. had a description of his 
herds and his methods about five years 
ago; he not only advocates the keep¬ 
ing of healthy animals, the carrying out 
of correct methods of handling and feed¬ 
ing, and the production of good milk, 
but puts into effect his teachings. He is 
not a theorist, but is, and has been for 
years, engaged in the production of milk 
for market. 
Good milk must come from good cows. 
In Human and Bovine Tuberculosis, Dr. 
Brush traces the relation between tuber¬ 
culosis in the human race and in the 
bovine race, and treats of the communi¬ 
cability of the disease from the latter to 
the former. The leading question is, Is 
bacillary tuberculosis conveyed to the 
human race from animals affected with 
this disease ? Of all the domestic ani¬ 
mals, the bovines are the only ones 
affected to any extent with tuberculosis. 
These and the humans are preeminently 
tubercular. Of all the domesticated ani¬ 
mals known, none is so intimately or 
closely related to the human race as the 
cow. Both have tuberculosis, but cer¬ 
tain it is that the cow does not acquire 
it from us. Tuberculosis, in the opinion 
of Dr. Brush, is all derived from the 
bovine race. Where this animal does 
not exist, pulmonary consumption is un¬ 
known. Milk warm from the cow is 
more dangerous than that which has 
been chilled, because the germs will not 
grow at a temperature of less than 87 
degrees F.; for that reason, country peo¬ 
ple who practice drinking milk in the 
former condition, are more likely to con¬ 
tract the disease from diseased milk than 
city people who get the milk after it has 
been chilled. 
As in the human race, so in the bovine 
race, the individuals predisposed to 
tuberculosis are possessed of a marked 
degree of delicate attractiveness, so that 
the beauty of the herd may be the one 
cow most badly diseased. Peoples, civil¬ 
ized or savage, most closely associated 
with inbred dairy cattle, are most sub¬ 
ject to tuberculosis. Dr. Brush gives a 
large number of examples to prove the 
correctness of his position on these 
points. He does not wish to be known 
as an alarmist, but to put the facts and 
the dangers fairly before his readers, 
that existing conditions may be met in¬ 
telligently and fairly. He treats of con¬ 
sanguineous breeding in its relations to 
scrofula and tuberculosis, the apparent 
reasons why man is afflicted with tuber¬ 
culosis, the danger of using milk from 
tuberculous cows, and “ What must we 
do to be saved from tuberculosis ? ” The 
book is one well worth the careful study 
of intelligent, progressive breeders and 
dairymen. 
In the book entitled Milk, Dr. Brush 
gives numerous plain, pointed facts 
about this impox-tant food product, and 
illustrates them by numerous examples 
from a long and varied professional prac¬ 
tice, of the dangers from unwholesome 
milk, and the value of pui’e milk from 
healthy animals. He treats especially 
of infant feeding, and says that many of 
the diseases affecting the digestive or¬ 
gans in infancy are neither more nor 
less than milk poisoning. This is abso¬ 
lutely the cause of cholera infantum, and 
he thinks that this disease should be 
known by its real name, ‘‘acute milk 
poisoning.” He citesmany cases to pi’ove 
his contention, and his remarks deserve 
the thoughtful consideration of every 
person responsible for the care and feed¬ 
ing of the young. His directions for in¬ 
fant feeding are invaluable. The sug¬ 
gestions for improvements of the dairy 
are practical and helpful, as are the re¬ 
marks on sterilized milk. 
Both these books are made up from 
various papers and essays given before 
medical societies, and in medical papers 
at various times, but they are given in 
everyday English that any one can 
understand, and are above all intensely 
practical. __ 
SHEEP'S MILK FOR SALE. 
The inquiry made some time ago in 
Tue R. N.-Y., as to the existence of any 
race of sheep kept especially for milk, 
has not, so far as I have seen, been fully 
noticed. There are, at least, two kinds 
of sheep kept for this purpose, one 
especially for milk for sale for domestic 
use, the other for making cheese. The 
milking sheep is one of the breeds kept 
in that part of Italy known as Piedmont, 
on account of its situation at the foot of 
the Alpine mountains. This sheep is a 
tall, lanky thing, with every similar 
feature supposed to be indicative of 
high milking quality in cows, that is, 
a long, thin neck, a big belly, thin legs, 
and long dished face. It is used for 
mutton, and so fills that place supposed 
to be wholly improper with cows, viz., 
a milk and meat-making animal both. 
But although the milk is good enough, 
and rich in fat, yet the meat is poor 
stuff, and the hams dried and smoked 
are about as tasteless and hard on the 
teeth as an oak plank, cut into the shape 
of a thin, very thin, ham. 
The other race of sheep kept for milk 
is the Larzac breed in the south of 
France, which supply the material for 
making that highly valued cheese known 
as the Rocquefort, from the village of 
that name. 
Indeed, the milk business is somewhat 
curious in that southern part of Europe. 
In the French health resorts on the 
shores of the Mediterranean, as Cannes, 
Nice, and many others, donkeys are led 
from house to house to be milked for the 
use of invalids whose digestive arrange¬ 
ments will not permit of the use of 
the stronger milk of the cow. Asses' 
milk has only 18 parts of fat in 1,000, 
and 235 of casein, while the sugar 
amounts to the excessive proportion of 
51 parts, as against 36 of fat, 55 of casein, 
and 38 of sugar in cow’s milk. 
When I was in that part of the world 
several years ago, I stopped at a little 
village at the foot of the mountains, and 
saw a number of buffaloes in a stable, 
which were kept for milk, and the milk¬ 
ing of which was a curious performance. 
I was attracted by the sight of a man 
enveloped in a buffalo skin, going to the 
stable, and following him, saw a dozen 
or so of these half wild animals with a 
few of their calves. The man, with a 
small pail, crept in among the buffaloes, 
on all fours, and began to milk them, all 
the time in fear of detection and imme¬ 
diate expulsion by the jealous animals. 
But sharing with the calves, he got his 
little pail filled with milk, and the 
guests of the little country inn (as rough 
a place as well matched the milk supply), 
had the milk for their breakfast. Some¬ 
times the milker is caught in the act, 
and unceremoniously ejected by the en¬ 
raged buffaloes. Afterwards I found 
this was a common thing in the moun¬ 
tain villages. 
There is a little village in that part of 
southern France, known as the Jura, 
from the mountains of that name above 
it, where a cheese is made of goats’ milk 
mixed with the milk of cows. It is called 
fromage de Septmoncel, which means 
the seven hills, which give this name to 
the village where this cheese is made. 
The goats’ milk has a very white fat, 
while that of the cow is yellow, and by 
skillful mixing of the milk, the curd is 
veined with streaks of different colors, 
bluish white and light yellow. A little 
alum is used in making the curd, and 
this has some effect in making this varie¬ 
gated color. This cheese sells at a high 
price in the Paris markets, at 30 cents a 
pound, at least, on account of its peculiar 
goaty flavor. 
Goat’s milk is extensively used all 
through southern Europe, and has twice 
as much fat in it as the milk of the cow. 
It is, probably, due to the inherited pro¬ 
clivity to the goat as a milking animal, 
that, in the Italian parts of New York 
City and Brooklyn, goats are numerously 
kept by this class of our adopted citizens, 
and fed upon the garbage collected in 
heaps by their owners through the city. 
H. S. 
Germany threatens to shut out American pork 
and sausages, chiefly on sanitary grounds. The 
United States Department of Agriculture is look¬ 
ing carefully into the matter. The German 
agrarians, as a party, demand high protective 
tariffs and the exclusion of foreign food products. 
We take our milk to a cheese factory during 
the cheese season. Through the Winter, we shall 
make butter. We keep our milk at home on Sun- 
d ty, and use a gravity cream separator, whicli 
gives good satisfaction. We shall milk 25 cows 
this season, and hope to add next year 11 two- 
year-olds. We have mostly Short-horn stock, 
and the most important problem before us now 
is how to raise calves on whey, as we wish to 
raise these heifers each year to add to our stock. 
Chautauqua County, N. Y. e. c. 
Poisoned Milk.—A London milkman was re¬ 
cently arrested for selling milk which contained 
40 grains of boracic acid to the gallon. It was 
stated by an attending physician that six grains 
of the acid would be a dangerous dose for a child 
of tender years. This substance was, of course, 
added to the milk for the purpose of preserving 
it. It was proved that the defendant was inno¬ 
cent of the adulteration, having received the 
milk in sealed packages, and it was also proved 
that the acid had been used by the farmer fur¬ 
nishing the milk. However, the city milkman 
was fined $25 for selling the milk. 
Common-sense will tell you to avoid experiments 
with a dangerous Cold. You ought to take the well- 
known remedy—Jayne’s Expectorant. 
If bilious take Jayne’s Painless Sanative Pills.— 
Adv. 
Horse Owners! Use 
GOMBAULT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
A Safe Speedy and Positive Cure 
The Safest, Best BLISTER ever used. Takes 
the place of all liniments for mild or severe action. 
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Hor»« 
OR fTrINC- S twfsMlf°pfodth L sc^ybTem^U. 
Every bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction 
Price $1.50 per bottle. Sold .by - d r, u JP. Kl8t ? 1 ’ 
sent by express, charges paid, with full directions 
for ita use. Send for descriptive circulars. 
THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS CO., Cleveland__Q. 
New York State 
Veterinary College. 
Established at Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y., 
by Chapter I S3, Laws of i8q4. 
The best equipment for scientific and practical in- 
structionforundergraduatesand postgraduates. Most 
varied practice for students in the free clinics. Regu¬ 
lar graded course, three years of nine months each. 
Highest requirements for matriculationand graduation. 
Entrance by Regents' “Veterinary Student Certifi¬ 
cate," or by examination Sept. 13 , 1898 . Instruction 
begins Sept. 22 , 1898 . 
Tuition free to New York State students. 
For extended announcement address 
Professor JAMES LAW, F.R.C.V.S., Director. 
GUERNSEYS. 
225 purebred Guernseys of the best American 
and Island breeding. Butter average, whole 
herd, 318 pounds per head. No catalogue. Come 
and make your own selection. 
ELLERSLIE STOCK FARM, 
RHINE CLIFF, N. Y. 
AT FARMERS’ PRICES! 
Two Registered Jersey Bull Calves 
from superior dairy cows. 
R. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty Street, Pittsburg, Pa 
nrp ICDPCV Pfl\A/Q for sale. Three years 
nLUi JLliOLl UU SI O old. Fresh St. Francis 
and Helier strain. Out of Prize-winning stock. Cheap. 
Removal to city. Daniel Leibe, Cherry Hill, N. J. 
SHETLAND PONIES SiVAS.53 
every prize on “ponies in harness” at World’s Fair. 
Forty for 1898 market. Well broken ponies for chil¬ 
dren’s use. Little loundation herds for breeders. 
Also imported stallions. Pays better to breed pure 
Shetland Ponies than any other animal. Write your 
wants. WATKINS FARM, Detroit, Mich. 
Spring Pigs from 100 Reg. 
Poland China, Berkshire and 
Chester 1 V kites. Mated not 
akin. Choice bred sows, Serv¬ 
ice Boars. Poultry. Write us 
for free circular and bottom 
prices. Ham i ltoN & Co.. Cochranville. Chester Co., Pa 
A D time makes a big 
Blf MR DEMAND FOR PORK. 
Send for description of the 
FAMOUS 0.1. C. 
(best) SWINE, 
two of which weighed 2806 lbs. 
ON TIME and Agency to the first 
applicant in each locality. 
L. B. SILVER CO. 
35 Summit St. CLEVELAND, OHIO. 
P Li E C U I Q CO—The money-making hog Selected 
lincomnto pigs and service boars. Also, an 
A. J. C. C. HH1FKK CALF for sale. 
ED. S. HILL, l’eruvillo, Tompkins Co., N. Y. 
Cam 0<*l«~ Fine Thoroughbred Cheshire Boar 
ST 0l wfllC Pigs, 7 weeks; a bargain at $4. Pekin 
Ducks,75c., breeders; Eggs, 75c. per sitting. You will 
be pleased. Lester M. Loveless, Baldwinsville, N. Y. 
fora choice Poland-China Boar Pig, large strain, 
ong, deep, square body, easy keeper, early to mature, 
very prolific and of excellent breeding. Write, will 
tell you about it. F.H.G ates & Sons, Chi ttenango.N. Y. 
Poland-China H&5!S 
hut first-class Pigs shipped on order, and satisfaction 
guaranteed. J. L. VAN DOREN, Crestvue, Ohio. 
C 
ut Prices on all varieties Poultry, Eggs for Iiatch- 
_ ing. Rate card free/ Natural colored 00-page 
Book of Poultry, Pigeons and Hares for only 10 cents. 
J. A. BERGEY, Telford. l*a. 
THE IMPROVED 
Cata¬ 
logue 
4 cents. 
VICTOR 
NCUBATOR 
Hatches Chickens by Steam 
‘Absolutely self-reKiilntinK- 
Tlie simplest, most reliable, 
and cheapest first-class Hatchei 
in the market. Circulars free. 
GEO. EliTEL UO.. Ouincv.IlF 
Cooper Dip 
Champion of the 
World for 55 years. 
Superior to all others. 
If no local agent, send $1.75 
for 100 gal. pkt. to 
CYRIL FRANCKLYN, Cotton Ex., New York. N. Y. 
IF YOUR CHICKENS ‘WSffl! 
heads and see why. XiAMBBitT’S 
DEATH TO LICE OINTMENT will 
tix them quick and brighten the brood*. 
100 done* XOe. postpaid. Book Free. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, R. I. 
POULTRY 
• yy, everything in the POULTRY LINK, 
► Fenoing, Feed, Iaoubators, Live Stock, Brooders 
► —anything—it’s our business. Call or let us 
► send you our illustrated catalogue—it’s free for < 
► the asking—It’s worth having. 
V Excelsior Wire and Poultry Supply Co., 
+ 28 Vesey Street, New York City. ♦ 
♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ 
flip DIICV DCC and how to make money 
I nil DUO I ULL With It as taught by 
CLEANINCS IN BEE CULTURE. It is a handsome illustrated maga¬ 
zine and we send free sample copy with Book on Bee Culture and 
Book on Bee Supplies to ail who name this paper in writing 
THE A. I. ROOT CO., MEDINA, OHIO 
Got Some Bees? 
Then you will need bee supplies, such as 
hives, supers, sections, swarm catchers, smokers, 
separators, etc., etc. We make them all—each 
article being the very best of its kind. Our book 
— BEE-KEEPERS SUPPLIES —tells all about 
them and many other things you should know. 
We send it FREE. Write for it. 
G.B. LEWIS CO Watertown,W is. 
’TIS FOLLY 
To lose the use of your Horse for a single day. If the 
Horse is SORE, CHAFED or GALLED 
Moore Bros.’ Gall Powder 
Will effect a CURE IN HARNESS, or Money Re¬ 
funded. Price 5Uc. and $1 per Can by mail, postpaid. 
MOORE BROS., Veterinary Surgeons, Albany, N.Y. 
EUREKA 
It Tells You 
DvAnvhich 
NEST ■ which Hens Lay. 
I have just issued a handsome little book of 
_ _ __ testimonials written by prominent men who 
have built and used the EUREKA NEST BOX. Here are two of them : 
From the. ■■Country Gentleman,'’ Albany. I From the “Poultry Monthly.” 
■■ The Eureka Nest Box is the best of the I “ It enables the poultryman to establish a 
kind we have ever seen.” I perfect egg record and pedigree.” 
IT’S EASY TO BUILD. I SELL THE PLANS. 
HART NEST FARM, Box 8(5, Framingham, Mass 
We will be pleased to forward you particulars of Live Stock 
for sale throughjthis office. We do this without charge to you. 
American Live-Stock Co., 24 State St., New York, N. Y. 
