1898 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
459 
TUBERCULOSIS IN CATTLE. 
“ WHEN DOCTORS DISAGREE, WHO SHADE 
DECIDE ? ” 
In TnE R. N.-Y. of June 4, page 398, I 
notice an article from Dr. Law in criti¬ 
cism of one printed May 14. He says, 
“ The tuberculin test is not reliable 
when applied near the time of calving. 
But this is not the case for the whole 
period of pregnancy * *. If the test 
were inapplicable to all pregnant cows, 
its field of usefulness would be very re¬ 
stricted indeed.” My query is this, Is 
not its field of usefulness unduly magni¬ 
fied ? The inference from the above 
quotation, that the test is reliable ex¬ 
cept at specified times—and useful withal 
—it seems to me, can hardly be advanced 
by the doctor seriously, unless results 
in New York differ largely from results 
in Massachusetts. 
The statement has often been made by 
our cattle commission that cattle badly 
diseased would not react to tuberculin, 
because their systems wei'e already so 
full of disease. Since those are the ones 
that ought to be killed, and are shipped, 
where does reliability come in ? But it 
may be answered that it detects slight 
lesions that would become dangerous ! 
Perhaps not; plenty of cases can be 
cited where Summer pasturage has cured 
those that reacted in the Spring; 5,275 
cattle were killed by the commission in 
Massachusetts the past year, at an ex¬ 
pense of more than $240,000 ; 100 were 
innocent of aDy disease, and I have the 
best of evidence for the assertion that 75 
per cent of all were so slightly affected 
as to be perfectly healthful, for milk or 
meat. A slight pimple on the eyelid, 
or a nodule on the internal animal 
economy the size of a pin's head, or 
invisible except by a microscope, is not 
a menace to the public health ! I would 
like to have explained, how this whole¬ 
sale slaughter proves either the useful¬ 
ness, or the utility of this tuberculin 
fad. Why do veterinarians, almost to a 
man, wink at, and approve this wanton 
crusade against our cattle ? Why does 
not Dr. Law use tuberculin, for the pur¬ 
pose for which it was invented by Dr. 
Koch—to cure consumptives? He must 
have heard that it hurried its victims to 
untimely graves ! Have we not a right 
to infer similar effect upon cattle ? I 
think we have, for one of the most 
eminent veterinarians in Massachusetts 
admitted that the disease was sometimes 
aggravated by its use. The farmers are 
almost unanimously opposed to its use, 
and declare that they will not buy an 
animal that has been tested, if they 
know it. 
It is refreshing to read a report of Dr. 
Frothingham, an expert on this matter, 
who, after counseling “ wise delay ” 
and careful study “ before proceeding 
hastily ”, queries thus, “ Why the 
slaughter of so many tuberculous cattle 
and the waste of so much good food ? If 
the answer is, to protect human beings 
from tuberculosis, we must then consider 
the following questions: Are tuberculous 
cattle and their products a cause of 
tuberculosis in man ? If so, to what ex¬ 
tent ? Are there not other causes, far 
more dangerous, and much more import¬ 
ant to control ? In partial answer to 
above queries, it may be said that, al¬ 
though many cases of tuberculosis in 
human beings are thought to be directly 
traceable to cattle, not one, in the vast 
literature upon the subject of tuber¬ 
culosis, has been authentically estab¬ 
lished, so that this question is still an 
open one. On the contrary, it is univers¬ 
ally acknowledged that tuberculous 
people, especially through their sputum, 
are an immense source of infection to 
other people and to themselves.” In the 
above, common sense holds sway. 
Dr. Law, in closing, practically asserts 
that this disease is transmittable from 
ox to man and man to ox. Dr. Theobold 
Smith, an eminent authority, in his 
careful experiments the past year, has 
fairly demonstrated that bacilli from 
human sputum cannot be regarded as 
specially dangerous to cattle, and under 
ordinary circumstances, would fall a 
speedy prey to destruction. Have we 
not a reasonable right to infer that, if 
the disease cannot be transmitted from 
man to animal, the converse is also true? 
Is it not wise to hold up this slaughter 
of the innocents, as the Massachusetts 
Legislature has done, by withholding an 
appropriation for that purpose, until 
further investigation proves, yes or no, 
the fact, that the human family is in any 
danger from cattle tuberculosis ? I have 
no doubt the negative will yet be proved; 
then this tuberculin nonsense will seek 
the oblivion that the blood-letting of 40 
years ago now enjoys. 
Massachusetts. chas. e. parker. 
THE JUNE-HATCHED CHICK. 
IS IT WORTH RAISING ? 
Many poultrymeu are tempted to continue 
hatching through June and a part of July. In 
former years, they have not considered it advis¬ 
able to do much hatching after June 1. Would 
you consider it advisable to attempt to raise 
June-hatched chickens? Are they likely to do well? 
Will they not be stunted by the first cold weather, 
and thus lack in development ? What would you 
advise as the best treatment for June-hatched 
chicks in order to make the most out of them ? 
They will eat their heads off and lay 
10-cent eggs. The country is always 
full of such late pullets, w. h. trusi.ow. 
We have never considered it advisable 
or profitable to grow late June chicks, 
either for market or breeding purposes, 
for two reasons : One is that they are 
sure to meet a flooded market and low 
prices. The margin of profit is too small 
to justify the work. The other reason 
is that chicks grown during the extreme 
heat of Summer seem to lack vitality, 
and never attain the size and vigor neces¬ 
sary for good breeding stock, and it al¬ 
ways means degenerate stock, if per¬ 
sisted in. .JAMES RANKIN. 
To raise June-hatched chickens, they 
simply need a variety of food, with pure 
water at all times, and to be kept where 
they can have sunshine and shade to go 
in at their will. We feed oat flakes at 
first, generally giving soft food morn¬ 
ings, mixing corn meal, wheat bran, 
shorts and rice meal or coarse wheat 
flour, mixed with milk, always adding a 
little animal food. Then give them their 
entire liberty after the first few days, 
and they will grow very rapidly. I have 
little or no trouble with them when cold 
weather comes. d. a. mount. 
There is certainly no good reason why 
June and even July-hatched chicks can¬ 
not be successfully raised. I have fre¬ 
quently raised June-hatched chicks that 
grew remarkably well, coming into full 
laying by December. On the other hand, 
I have had other lots that were puny 
and thriftless. I now have a flock of 
40 pullets that were hatched the middle 
of last July, that are laying equal to any 
on the farm, and have been since Janu¬ 
ary. Someof those July chicks weighed 
3 )4 pounds per pair at 50 days old. So 
you see it is something besides the sea¬ 
son that so frequently causes late chicks 
to be disappointing. I am inclined to 
think that too close confinement of the 
breeding pens for a long time is fre¬ 
quently the cause. My advice would be 
to give the breeding stock as much range 
and variety of food as possible. Feed 
the chicks liberally with a well-balanced 
ration, so as to get an early development. 
Be specially careful about lice during 
the hot weather, and see that the chicks 
never suffer for fresh water to drink. I 
expect to try to hatch a lot of August 
chicks for my own use as an experiment. 
They will just come to laying age in 
February, when they are sure to begin 
at once, thus avoiding the risk of feeding 
two or three months without results 
after they are old enough to begin. 
o. w. MAPES. 
While I prefer early-hatched chicks, 
as a rule, I find that June-hatched birds 
do well if given a good range in a shady 
place, and plenty of good, nourishing 
food ; an orchard is an excellent place 
for them. I would not care to hatch the 
larger breeds, as Brahmas, Cochins, etc., 
as late as June, but the Wyandottes and 
Plymouth Rocks will do well under fav¬ 
orable circumstances, and the Minorcas, 
Leghorns and others of the laying type 
will do well, even as late as July hatched. 
The best way to develop them quickly 
and get them ready for the cold weather, 
is to put them out with hens, giving a 
very few to each hen, the fewer the bet¬ 
ter. Give them good range and good 
food, feeding ground meat quite liber¬ 
ally ; 20 per cent of the whole amount of 
food is none too much. Corn, three 
parts ; oats, two parts ; wheat one part, 
ground coarsely and mixed with the 
meat, fed moist, make a good food for. 
them. J. E. STEVENSON. 
Many Fail; One Succeeds. 
“ A scientific mar¬ 
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say of the Safety 
Hand Separator. 
Many concerns have 
tried to put out 
machines equally as 
good. They have 
tried to capture the 
farmers’ trade b y 
lower prices, only to 
find out, when too 
late, that a good 
separator can not be made for less 
money. It has no real competitor. 
in. p - «■ SHARPIES, 
Dubuque, la. West Chester, Pa 
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U. S. BUTTER EXTRACTOR CO., Newark, N.J. 
A Month’s Vacation 
That’s what the 
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hour each, milking. 
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Perfect Milk 
Does the milk have a bad taste; 
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Top Price Butter. 
The kind that a fancy private 
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TRUE DAIRY SUPPLY CO., 
CONTRACTORS AND BUILDERS OP 
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AND MANUFACTURERS OF 
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303,305,307 and 309 Lock St., Syracuse, N. Y. 
References: First Nat. Bank of Syracuse; State Bank 
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N. Y. State Fair, 
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August 29 to September3, ’98. 
$25,000 in Premiums. 
New Building's. 
New Water Plant. 
Great Attractions. 
PREMIUM LISTS NOW READY. 
APPLY TO 
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Special railroad facilities, reduced rates, and 
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Grounds. 
