1898 
795 
NEW IDEA IN FEEDING RATIONS. 
GIVK HEAVY MILKERS MORE PROTEIN. 
What Are Balanced Rations ?—Most 
newspaper readers now understand the 
theory of the so-called balanced ration 
for live stock. All foods contain four 
kinds of material, the protein or muscle- 
makers, containing - the material out of 
which muscle or lean meat is made ; the 
fats and oils ; the carbohydrates, includ¬ 
ing the starch and sugar ; the woody 
fiber or indigestible part of the plant, 
and the ash or mineral matter. These 
food principles are used by animals in 
varying forms and proportions, accord¬ 
ing to the kind of animal and the pur¬ 
pose for which the food is to be used. 
Young, growing stock need more of the 
muscle-making materials than would' an 
old animal that is simply laying on fat. 
A horse hard at work would need dif¬ 
ferent food from that given a steer tied 
up in a stall. 
The various food principles are not 
adapted to perform exactly the same 
work in the body. The ones best suited 
to producing heat are not the best for 
making growth. The protein or muscle- 
makers constitute the great building 
material of the body. This builds up 
muscle, sinew, ligaments ; it also pro¬ 
vides the casein and albumen, and prob¬ 
ably a large part of the fat. To a cer¬ 
tain extent, also, it may be used to build 
up the fat of the body and to produce 
heat. Fats and carbohydrates are some¬ 
what similar in their action. They are 
mostly used as fuel or may be stored up 
as fat in the body, serving as a reserve 
force for heat and energy. Thus it will 
be seen that the building material on 
the one hand, and the fuel or fat-pro¬ 
ducing material on the other, ought to 
be combined in varying proportions, de¬ 
pending upon the purpose for which the 
animal is kept. 
What Food Is For. —Part of the food 
is used to keep up the vital functions of 
the body. A part keeps the animal ma¬ 
chine in repair, part is used as fuel, and 
the rest should be able to manufacture 
milk or meat or wool. For sustaining 
the vital functions, the carbohydrates 
and fat in the food are mostly required. 
As the amount of production of meat or 
wool or milk increases, the proportion of 
protein must increase faster than that 
of the carbohydrates and fat. A cow 
that is producing a large quantity of 
milk needs more building material than 
one that is nearly dry. The old idea of 
making up a balanced ration is based on 
the assumption that too much protein 
was injurious. Experiments now indi¬ 
cate that protein is especially valuable 
in milk production. The latest idea in 
feeding cows is to prepare the two dif¬ 
ferent rations, one an ordinary balanced 
ration to be fed to all cows, and another, 
very strong in protein, to be fed to the 
cows giving the most milk. We have 
hinted at this several times in The R. 
N.-Y., and have been talking recently 
with dairymen who have adopted the 
system. Prof. C. S. Phelps, of the Con¬ 
necticut Agricultural College, says that 
the best practical feeders in New Eng¬ 
land are rapidly changing their old 
methods of feeding. 
Stuff the Milkers. —“You think, 
then,” we asked him, “ that rations for 
milk production should vary chiefly in 
the amount of protein they contain ?” 
“ Yes. It is evident that the milk con¬ 
tains considerable protein. As the milk 
yield increases, there is a greater de¬ 
mand for this material. We would reg¬ 
ulate the feeding of it, therefore, to the 
milk flow of the cow.” 
“ What was the old standard ration 
based on ?” 
“ On the live weight of the cow, main¬ 
ly on the assumption that the food re¬ 
quirements vary with the size of the 
animal. We think it much more logical 
to base rations on the milk flow.” 
“ Ilave you good evidence as to that ? ” 
“ It is well known that animals that 
do not vary more than 200 pounds in 
live weight, will not differ greatly in 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
their food requirements, that is, so far 
as the animal machine is concerned. 
These animals, however, may differ 10 to 
15 pounds per day in the amount of milk 
they produce, and in that case, of course, 
their demands for food will be very differ¬ 
ent. Many feeders in the past have used 
one grain mixture, varying the amount 
fed in accordance with the milk yield. 
It will be readily seen that, in this way, 
when they feed all the protein required 
by a heavy milker, they will feed more 
of the carbohydrates and fat than the 
animal requires.” 
“ How would you remedy this ? ” 
“ I would advise two grain rations, one 
to be fed to all animals in the herd, and 
one for the heavier milkers. The first 
may be called the basal, or foundation 
ration, and the latter a protein mixture, 
which is made up of foods rich in this 
material.” 
“How would you make up your founda¬ 
tion ration ? ” 
“ About the same as the ordinary bal¬ 
anced ration now advocated.” 
“ What would you use for the other 
ration ? ” 
“ A mixture of such feeds as cotton¬ 
seed meal, linseed, gluten and pea meals. 
By feeding in this way, the heavier milk 
producers will not only get a larger 
ration, but will have a larger proportion 
of the meals that are most useful in milk 
production. It will be seen, also, that 
under this system, there would not be 
the chance to waste the carbohydrates 
by feeding too much of them. 
FORKFULS OF FACTS. 
Tattooed 'dogs are now the fashion in London. 
A coat of arms or a monogram is marked on the 
throat or breast of the animal. The process is 
made almost painless by the use of cocaine. 
A bulletin from the United States Department 
of Agriculture states that it would appear that 
the chinch bug first made its presence known in 
this country in North Carolina, in 1783, and men¬ 
tions several serious outbreaks of the bug in the 
West, the estimated losses from its ravages from 
1850 to 1887 reaching $267,000,000. It also says that 
it is believed that the losses up to 1898 amounted 
to fully $330,000,000. 
Milk as Food.— Says A. X. Hyatt, in the Rural 
World: “I am one of 12 living brothers. The 
youngest is over 50 years old. Our main food 
and only medicine has ever been milk. Father 
gave hot milk to a colicky child rather than par¬ 
egoric. He gave loppered milk to an ailing boy 
rather than paregoric. Rheumatism cannot 
stand the cleansing power of nice buttermilk. 
When milk becomes our only medicine, people 
will never die—not of disease. A disease that 
milk in some form will not check or cure warns 
one to prepare for the next world.” 
Live Stock Insurance.— The London Farm and 
Home says that cattle dealers in Scotland are 
trying the experiment of insuring cattle against 
tuberculosis. When an animal is bought, the 
live stock insurance company stands ready to 
insure it for three mouths, at a premium of 25 
cents per head for heifers and 50 cents for cows. 
Half of the premium is paid by the seller, and 
half by the buyer. The insurance company, of 
course, takes some means of making sure that 
the animal is free from disease, probably using 
a tuberculin test. In this country, live stock in¬ 
surance has never proved successful, although a 
good many efforts have been made to make it so. 
City Farmer on Kicking Cow.—I have been 
somewhat surprised at the way that country 
farmers prevent a cow from kicking. The tying 
of the hind legs together is a poor way, as ex¬ 
perience well shows. If the cow is nervous, she 
will kick more. I thought you would be interested 
in the plan used by a city farmer, and here it is: 
Tie a rope around the front foot on the side you 
milk, lift the foot at right angles to the knee, and 
tie the rope to the Btanehion overhead. The cow 
cannot lift her hind foot. Tell your country 
farmers. t. s. 
Providence, R. I. 
Favors Holstein Cattle.— Holstein cattle are 
preferred here owing to size, large amount of 
milk produced, and showing themselves to be the 
most profitable of any breed. They are also the 
oldest breed inexistence, adapting themselves to 
all climates and conditions. My herd shows 3.4 
to 3.6 per cent butter fat. It does not cost as 
much in proportion to feed them as other breeds. 
You will get a ne'* notion 
of what a lamp-chimney can 
be, when you use a Macbeth ; 
and of what it can do, when 
you get the right one. 
Get the Index. 
Write Macbeth Pittsburgh Pa 
They succeed in all parts of the world, from the 
fact that they come from a cold climate. I be¬ 
lieve in feeding some grain to cows while in 
pasture. I feed bran, corn meal and ground oats. 
Ripley, Wis. w. r. oates. 
Tiie Lincoln Sheep.— We have bred the Lincoln 
sheep but six years, and have found them just as 
good as the Cotswold, if not a little better. They 
make nicer carcasses, not having quite so much 
outside fat as the Cotswolds. Their wool is worth 
from one-half to one cent more per pound than 
the Cotswolds, it being finer and showing that 
beautiful luster that a great many of the Cots 
wolds lack. They also shear just a trifle more 
wool. Their lambs, when dropped, are large, 
strong and vigorous, thus insuring live lambs in 
most cases. The Lincoln will do as well on low 
lands as any known breed of sheep, and we find 
them very free from foot-rot. . geo. r. davis. 
Dyer, Ind. 
AllcockJs 
Porous piasters 
Why are Allcock’s the best 
plasters ? Because they make 
the cures where all others fail. 
Why do they make the cures ? 
Because they contain the right 
materials. Compare their fine 
aromatic odor with the nasty 
smell of all other plasters. 
Your sense of smell will tell 
you which is the best. Did you 
know that Allcock’s have a 
greater sale than all the other 
kinds put together ? Did you 
know that all makes and 
brands of so-called porous plas¬ 
ters are in imitation of All¬ 
cock’s ? But they imitate in 
appearance only. Don’t waste 
your money in buying the false. 
Get ALLCOCK'S, the stand¬ 
ard plaster of the world. 
CREAM SEPARATORS. 
De Laval “ Alpha " and “ Baby ” Separators. 
First—Res!/—Cheapest. All Styles—Sizes 
Prices, $50 to $800. 
Save $10 per cow per year. Send for Catalogue. 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO., 
Randolph and Canal Streets, I 74 Cortlandt Street, 
CHICAGO. I NEW YORK. 
If you keep cows 
you want a cream separator, and 
you want the one that runs the easiest, 
skims closest, cleans quickest and is 
most substantial. We 
guarantee the flikado 
Empire 
Cream Separator 
to fill these requirements 
or no sale. Our catalogue 
explains why this is true. 
Send your address. 
We want responsible agents 
in unoccupied territory. 
U. S. Butter Extractor Co., Newark, N. J. 
LIVE-STOCK FEEDERS 
should see that a guaranteed analysis 
accompanies every bag of 
Cotton=Seed Meal. 
It Is the only safe way to avoid adulterated 
Meal. Every bag shipped by the American Cstton 
Oil Company contains a red tag guaranteeing 
not less than the following analysis: 
Ammonia. 8.50 per cent. 
Nitrogen. 7.00 “ 
Protein.43.00 “ 
Crude Fat and Oil. 9.00 “ 
Send your address for free information about 
cotton-seed meal. 
THE AMERICAN COTTON OIL COMPANY, 
46 Cedar Street, New York City. 
Little Giant Separators 
have been responsible 
for a new era and ad¬ 
vancement in dairy 
and creamery prac¬ 
tice. It consists prin¬ 
cipally in the farm 
use of the Separator, 
which keeps all the 
skim-milk at home, 
fresh and clean, 
where it can be fed to 
the best advantage 
and greatest profit. 
Our new illustrated 
pamphlet, “The Moody-Siiarples System,” ex. 
plains the advantages of the plan. It’s free 
Send for one. p M SH ARPLES, 
Branches: West Chester, Pa. 
Toledo, O. Omaha, Neb. 
Elgin, Ill. St. Paul, Minn. 
Dubuque, la. San Francisco, Cal. 
Top Price Butter. 
The kind that a fancy private 
trade demands, is colored with 
Thatcher's Orange Butter Color — 
the color that does not contain 
any poison. Send for a sample. 
THATCHER MFG. CO., Potsdam, H.Y. 
Elliot’s 
Parchment 
Butter 
Paper 
To Dairymen or HALF 
others we will . 
send half a ream A 
8x11, free, if they REAM 
will forward 30c. 
to pay postage. 
Try the Best But- f f BP 
ter Wrapper and ■ ■ 
avoid Imitations. 
A. G. ELLIOT & CO., 
Manufacturers, 
Philadelphia, Pa 
HOOK ON-CUT OFF 
Tho <a*l»«t- working, oloooot- 
outting, cimploot, vtrong.it 
and handieoi d.hornvr 
ia tha latest 
IMPROVED 
DEHORNER 
I Never crashes the horn nor pulls it apart. Made 
| on an entirely new principle. Catalogue free, 
WEBSTER i DICKINSON, ItonUS Chrl.lUna, Pa. 
Waateru trail® mippliud irom Chicago saleroom 
: KEY5T0NE DEHORNING COTER5 
^ Quiet, Orderly, Gentle and Safe 
animal ia the on© that has been dehorned. 
It means animal comfort and that means i 
animal profit. This knife cut* clean, no j 
criiMlilnjt or brulHlnjc. It is quick, causes 
least pain. Strong and lasting. Fully war- I 
ranted. Highest awards World’s Fair. Send 
for free circulars and prices before buylntr. 
A. C. BKOSlIIs, Cochranvlllc. Pa. 
Cows barren 3 years 
MADE TO BREED. 
Free. Moore Brothers, Albany, N. Y. 
THE CHAIN HANGING 
CATTLE STANCHION. 
The most practical and humane Fastener ever in¬ 
vented. Gives perfect freedom of the head, Illus¬ 
trated Circular and price free on application. 
Manufactured by O. H. ROBERTSON, 
ForestvilIe. Conn. 
F ULL T ANK VALUE! 
When you buy, you want 
and should secure your 
money’s worth. That 
— — —^ means that you must buy 
something of well known and standard value. You get 
it every time in the Hull Steel Tank*. Best ma¬ 
terial and workmanship insure lasting qualltes. We 
make them any size, for any purpose. Estimates fur¬ 
nished on special jobs. Write for what you want. 
...•3r.GiRu»JLARs and Pricks Mailed Free. 
the HAll STEEL TANK CO. (tJN. Ashland Av. Chicago, Hi. 
WOODWARD’S WATERING BASIN 
*A STABLE NECESSITY. SEE WHAT OTHERS SAY OE IT. 
ClrtuUr. Fr««. J. 8. WOODWARD A SON, LOCKPORT. N.Y 
\A/ A Al T C rV A Practical, Reliable 
W IW I C. \J Farmer and Fruit Grower 
wants situation as Superintendent on Farm or 
Orchard. Highest References. Addressc ■- i—i 
RELIABLE, care The rural New-Yorkeb.5| 
The Improved U, S. Cream Separators 
In thoroughness of separation take the lead. 
In completeness of design and ease of operation excel 
all others. 
Are more substantially made and are superior in all 
points to all others. 
All Styles and Sizes. $75.00 to $625.00. 
Agents in all dairy sections. 
5end for latest Illustrated catalogues. 
VERMONT FARM MACHINE CO., - Bellows Falls, VL 
