83o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
December 10 
secure two tons of the choicest feed per acre for just 
the hauling 1 of the fodder, which I do only when every¬ 
thing is favorable for work. The cutter will cut as 
short as J^-inch, but the thrasher cylinder does a much 
better job of shredding, if the stalks are cut in 2 to 3- 
inch lengths. This cylinder makes about 1,000 revo¬ 
lutions per minute, to the cutter 500. The thrashed 
fodder is drawn from the floor above by means of a 
spout, and carried to the cow and sheep barn by a 
pulley on a wire rope that is suspended high enough 
to have the bag clear the ground. It is fed in tight- 
bottomed mangers, the horses, cattle and sheep eating 
everything but the cracked cobs and the corn shives, 
not leaving quite enough to dust over the plank floor 
that they stand on while eating. This refuse, when 
thrown out with the manure, is in fine condition to 
haul immediately to the field. 
The Standard Cattle Company, of Ames, Neb., of 
which R. N. Allen is the general manager, grinds this 
thrashed corn stover, together with the shelled corn 
that came out of it, and as much more that is added, 
into a very fine meal, and they find the product a 
complete fattening ration for their 20,000 stall-fed 
steers. The actual saving is three pounds of shelled 
corn per head daily for the same amount of gain as 
was formerly secured by feeding shelled corn alone, 
and the fodder separately, or 60,000 pounds of shelled 
corn saved daily, which, at 25 cents per bushel, makes 
$250 per day, which completely pays all expenses of 
their 10 steam plants on their ranch. Possibly steam¬ 
ing this ground product might rival the silo with half 
the expense. Bread made of this ground product is 
eaten up entirely by both hogs and fowls, and as put 
before the cattle and horses, not a particle is left. 
Kansas. J. clarence Norton. 
PLANS FOR A STOCK BARN . 
HOW TO HOUSE THE FOUR-FOOTED .FOLKS. 
One of our readers in Ohio wishes to build a barn about 40 x 75 
feet, basement nine feet, with stone wall at upper side, and the 
upper story 20 feet. He wishes to keep six to eight horses and 
colts, and about 10 cattle, with the rest of the basement for sheep. 
He says that the wall will run east and west. Would it be best 
for the cattle or horses next to the wall and the sheep back of 
them ? He expects to pipe water from the spring into the barn. 
He wishes to have his grain bins on the barn floor where they 
thrash, with chutes leading below for feeding boxes. He wants 
to know whether the driveway would best be in the center of the 
barn with a track and reversible carrier for unloading hay. If 
you were building such a barn, where would you put these things 
for most convenience, and to give the most storage room ? This 
man says that he has an abundance of fine, White oak on the 
farm. Would it be desirable to build the barn out of this oak ? 
He also has fine shingle timber, and would like to know whether 
it would pay to use it, or slate or metal roofing in its place. 
A General-Purpose Barn. —I submit a plan (Fig. 
377 ) for a general-purpose barn, with accommodations 
for the amount of stock named, and storage room for 
the provender necessary to feed during the average 
season. A A are the^approach embankment, and should 
be wide enough to enter at least two driveways; three 
will be found still more convenient, and are repre¬ 
sented in the illustration. B is a root cellar beneath 
the embankment, and may be subdivided into separate 
bins for turnips, carrots, parsnips, mangels, etc., if 
desired. C is a stairway leading to the floor above. 
]) is the feed-room with small supply boxes arranged 
along the wall, into which feed is carried by chutes 
from storage bins, either on the main floor, or what 
is still better, especially for light feeds, from the decks 
above the driveway. E is for linseed meal, gluten 
meal, or cotton-seed meal. As this is usually pur¬ 
chased in sacks, E may be made large enough to hold 
PLANS FOR A GENERAL-PURPOSE BARN. Fig. 377. 
two sacks full of the meal, and no storage bin will be 
necessary. F i for middlings, and the storage bin is 
on the deck over the central driveway. O is for corn, 
and the supply bin may be on the main floor between 
the two driveways, or immediately outside the barn 
on the embankment. In either case, it need not be over 
4 feet wide, 12 feet long and 10 feet high, with chute 
leading down to box below. H is for corn meal with 
the supply bin on the deck above the east driveway. 
I is for wheat bran with the supply bin on the same 
deck as corn meal, each eight feet wide, six feet deep, 
and six feet or more high. JJJJ are box-stalls for 
horses, each 10 x 13 feet, and capable of accommodat¬ 
ing two horses each. K is horse mangers. L is feed¬ 
ing alley connecting with feed room. M is the feed 
trough for cows. NN NN are 10 cow stalls. 0 is 
manure gutter. P is walk between the manure gutter 
and partition. Q is small pen for lambs or calves. R 
is small pen for calves or young cattle. Next it is box- 
stall for mare and foal, or cow and calf. TT are sheep 
stables with feed racks at sides and portable racks at 
A REMARKABLE SEEDLING POTATO. Fig. 378. 
See Rukalisms, Page 833. 
center. UXJUTJU U are water troughs supplied with 
automaticrregulators to control the supply of water. 
V VVVVV are sliding or rolling doors, each 10 feet 
wide, through which the wagon or manure spreader 
may be driven when cleaning out the manure from 
the stables. W }V W W are . windows of fair size to 
admit of light and ventilation. Sash and glass are 
much better than blinds, which admit too little light 
and too much coid, rain, and snow. 
Keep the Yard Covered. —X is the covered barn¬ 
yard with straw loft above. If the farmer can afford 
this, it should be included by all means. The longer 
we use the covered barnyard on “ Shady Nook Farm,” 
the more we appreciate its advantages. The manure 
is far more valuable when thus preserved from the 
action of rains, winds, sunshine, etc., and the straw 
is kept in so much better condition for absorbing the 
liquids, which cannot be saved if straw from a water- 
soaked straw stack is used for bedding purposes. 
Y Y Y are racks for feeding hay or stover. Z Z Z Z 
are straw chutes fed from the loft above, where the 
cattle may eat straw if they choose to do so. 
Good White oak has become so valuable in most mar¬ 
kets that it will, probably, be best to use oak only for 
the basement, and use spruce or hemlock for the super¬ 
structure of both barn and barnyard. If the farmer 
has time to rive and shave his own shingles during 
the Winter, he will find it economical to do so ; but 
if he must haul to a shingle factory and pay the cus¬ 
tomary price, he would better sell his timber and buy 
the best quality of green slate for the roof. 
Ohio. JOHN L. SHAWVER. 
The Russian Minister of Agriculture recently 
bought, in this country, 12 Poland-China pigs. It is 
expected that this breed will do well in Russia. It 
has certainly done well here. 
WHAT THEY SAY. 
Three Children on a Burro. —It has been proved 
that pets that possess life are far more satisfactory 
for children than inanimate objects. Children soon 
tire of dumb things and, in a short while, they knock 
them around and finally throw them away. But a 
live pet is always new to children, furthermore it 
teaches them tenderness and carefulness ; they must 
not kick it, for the animal can be hurt; they must 
feed it, or it will die ; they must be kind to it, or it 
will not like them ; and so, in many ways, the 
children can be taught valuable lessons. 
What shall the pet be—a dog ? No. Then shall 
children continue being scratched and bitten by cats ? 
The three small children pictured on the burro, Fig. 
376, first page, are satisfied with their pet, and why 
shouldn’t they be ? He has always been gentle, never 
has had enough children on his back to cause him to act 
ugly. He will stand perfectly still for hours, and let 
children, strange children, play around him, over and 
under him. It is needless for me to say that Bute is a 
favorite with the little ones. I have never known a 
child to be afraid of him, or refuse a ride on his back, or 
to acknowledge that he has long ears; but, instead, the 
children insist that he is pretty and so good ! The 
children readily learned that a cold biscuit or a piece 
of hard bread would make the burro willing, while a 
harsh word or a stroke with a stick would make him 
stubborn w. z. 
Moray, Kan. 
The Marshall Strawberry.—I think the state¬ 
ment on page 791 that the Marshall strawberry 
originated near Fitchburg, and that A. A. Marshall 
originated it, is incorrect. Mr. Marshall Ewell found 
growing in a stone heap on his farm at Marshfield 
Hills, Plymouth Co., in plain sight of old ocean, a 
single plant so large and strong that he saved and 
transplanted it. When, four or five years later, he 
was induced to exhibit his berries at the horticultural 
exhibition in Boston, he was awarded all the first 
prizes, and the berry became generally famous. 
Massachusetts. w. c. c. 
Treatment for Peach Rot. —A reader in Pennsyl¬ 
vania reports that, while his peach trees made a fine 
growth, the fruit rots and falls, particularly on some 
varieties. Prof. F. D. Chester, of Delaware, who has 
studied this disease, makes the following statement 
about treatment: 
From the observations of this and past years, I 
would recommend the following plan in the treatment 
of peach orchards: 
1 . Spray heavily with the Bordeaux Mixture just 
before the blossoms open. This is to protect the bloom 
from the fungus. 
2 . When the fruit has set, spray with the Bordeaux 
Mixture, to which is added Paris-green at the rate of 
three ounces to the barrel. 
3. When the fruit begins to color, spray with the 
copper acetate solution, eight ounces to the barrel. 
4. Repeat this in from one to two weeks if the 
weather is damp, and if conditions are favorable 
for rot. 
Sheet Milk Tickets. —We find that milkmen are 
studying the matter of milk tickets. The old system 
of having single printed tickets, which are sold and 
resold to customer after customer, is going out of 
date. So much has been said about the spread of dis¬ 
ease through milk utensils, that people are actually 
becoming afraid of the tickets. Many dairymen are 
adopting the sheet-ticket plan. A portion of one of 
these sheets is shown at Fig. 379. The whole sheet is 
5% hy 9^ inches, and contains 40 tickets with the 
space in the right-hand lower corner like that at the 
top. When a person buys a quart of milk, he simply 
tears off one ticket from the sheet, the milkman 
destroys this ticket and that is the end of it. There 
is no danger that the ticket will pass from house to 
house, carrying disease germs with it. We notice 
that this method is employed in some of the best 
dairies we have ever seen, and all who use it, seem to 
speak highly of it. 
E. MANCHESTER & SONS, 
E. Manchester Sc Sons. 
Name..... 
Pure Milk from Clean Healthy Cows. 
1 
Paid. 
These Tickets used but ONCE. 
No contagion. 
ONE QUART. 
Charged. 
B. Manchester Sc Sons. 
1 E. Manchester Sc Sons. 
E. Manchester & Sons. 
E. Manchester & Sons. 
2 
3 
4 
5 
ONE QUART. 
1 ONE QUART. 
ONE QUART. 
ONE QUART. 
E. Manchester & 80 ns. 
! E Manchester & Sons. 
E. Manchester & Sons. 
E. Manchester & Sons. 
6 
7 
8 
9 
ONE QUART. 
| ONE QUART. 
ONE QUART. 
ONE QUART. 
E. Manchester Sc Sons. 
1 E. Manchester Sc Sons. 
E. Manchester <fc Sons. 
E. Manchester Sc Sons. 
to 
11 
12 
13 
ONE QUART. 
J ONE QUART. 
ONE QUART. 
ONE QUART. 
E. Manchester & Sons. 
1 E. Manchester & Sons. 
E. Manchester Sc 80 ns. 
E. Manchester Sc Sons. 
14 
15 
16 
17 
ONE QUART. 
• ONE QUART. 
ONE QUART. 
ONE QUART. 
A SHEET OF MILK TICKETS. Fig. 379. 
