89o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
December 31 
MLfVE STOCK 
P AND DAIRY. || 
NEW YORK STATE BREEDERS. 
A SUCCESSFUL, MEETING AT ROCHESTER. 
The annual meeting of the New York 
Breeders’ Association, including nearly 
all the associations of the State, occurred 
at Rochester, December 14 and 15, and 
was well attended. The Shropshire and 
Jersey breeders were first in numbers. 
A Great Shropshire Year. —Sheep in¬ 
terests have revived wonderfully, and 
the demand is far ahead of the supply 
for breeding ewes. “Three years ago, 
a man would have been hissed who 
praised sheep, but those who stuck, 
selected, and used skill, were successful. 
The tendency in breeding sheep, as well 
as in other animals, is to abandon the 
dairy type, and lambs shown at the fairs 
are not as good as three years ago. The 
value of all breeds is in their products. 
The best lambs this year were cross¬ 
bred, with good mothers. The lambs 
that are most profitable are those grown 
on the mother’s milk and grass. We 
cannot have all qualities in one animal, 
and should strive for a happy medium. 
In Germany, some sheep give more milk 
than a heifer that has famous tested 
sisters does here.” The Shropshire As¬ 
sociation of the United States has added 
200 new members, registered more ani¬ 
mals than all other societies combined, 
and has nearly 2,000 members; 1898 is 
their banner year. 
Merinos Booming. —The Merino breed¬ 
ers feel encouraged because the change 
in breeding has reduced the amount of 
fine wool, till a famine in Merino stock 
is feared. If the London price keep up, 
prices here will reach the importing 
point. America produces less than one- 
half the fine wool she uses. In 1889, 
our wool was 80 per cent fine, in 1898, 
only 20 per cent was of that type; in 
Argentina, 95 per cent Merino in 1890, 
and 75 per cent coarse in 1898. These 
great changes are helping the fine-wool 
breeders. A fine medium wool can be 
quickly produced by breeding a good 
Merino ram on cross or mutton breeds. 
He should have dense fine wool, an even 
fleece, and be able to transmit his quali¬ 
ties. We are now breeding for less 
wrinkles, larger fleece and bodies and 
need not go out of the United States for 
breeding stock. 
Jerseys in Demand. —The demand for 
Jerseys is very good, and many sales are 
being made. A reason for this is found 
in the increasing demand for better milk 
and more cream. Consumers are becom¬ 
ing more critical all the time, and every 
year adds to the difficulty in obtaining 
a market for ordinary products. The 
cows on the Island of Jersey are beauti¬ 
ful to look at, but no better than our 
own. The Jersey breeder has the ad¬ 
vantage, because he keeps but few and 
feeds them himself. He culls more than 
we do, and has fewer poor ones. He 
does not boom families, but the cow. He 
does not say much about ancestors or 
yields. The cows are finer than ours in 
bone, and seem under size. The stables 
and care are much inferior to ours, and 
the bad effect of darkness and closeness 
is lessened by the fact that the cows are 
out of doors most of the year. The cool 
nights and moist air of the Island are 
favorable to milk yield. Mr. Olin had 
tested three years, and the average of all 
cows milked a full year was 346 pounds of 
butter. None was below 300 pounds. 
This shows that he is able to detect the 
“ robber cows.” He has no poor ones— 
also that there are not much better ones. 
Milk Fever. —The cause of-milk fever 
is attributed to a change by man in the 
cow’s nature, and injudicious feeding. 
We have developed a small milk giver of 
poor quality into a large and rich, per¬ 
sistent one. Her very nature is changed. 
She ought not to be compelled to go dry, 
for she fills her system with blood—is 
plethoric, feverish, and the change to 
dry feed produces constipation. A milk- 
producing food, a balanced ration, is a 
healthy one. Milk the cow if she will, 
but remember that a working horse and 
a milking cow need good food. Do not 
reduce the quality but quantity of the 
food. There are many cases in Summer 
because of full feed in pasture. The 
remedy is to avoid a plethoric condition 
by reducing condition, and two weeks 
before calving and every five days after 
till the calf is dropped, give a dose of 
three-quarters of a pound Epsom salts 
and one tablespoonful of gentian. Give 
one dose immediately after calving if she 
has notohad one within two days. The 
injection of potassium into the udder has 
given good results. 
Henry Van Dresser said : “ A healthy 
calf should have six to eight well-formed 
teeth when born ; if only two, it will 
prove weak, and should be killed. It will 
lack constitutional vigor.” 
Abortion is producing great loss, is 
caused, in most cases, by a germ, and is 
contagious. The two to four per cent of 
cases not caused by germs are due to 
shock, fright, sympathy, or some kindred 
cause. The disease has been produced 
by the introduction of the germ into the 
vagina by the experimenter. The symp¬ 
toms are shrinkage of milk for a day or 
two, bloody discharge, and soiling of 
the tail, when it occurs during the first 
three months. At six months, the dis¬ 
charge is generally offensive. Some cows 
are immune, but few abort the second 
time. Sprinkle lime on the floor, have 
plenty of light, wholesome food, and 
separate the infected animals. There is 
much danger of the germs being carried 
by the feeder. A preventive measure is 
to disinfect the cows and the bull. Shear 
off the hair near the parts, and sponge 
off the hind parts after, injecting with 
a solution of one tablespoonful of creo- 
lin to one quart of water. 
Mortimer Levering said, “ I had trou¬ 
ble with this disease, 30 cows aborting. 
We rigged a barrel with a garden hose 
and nozzle, and a herd could be treated 
rapidly. We used a 3,000-grain solution 
of bichloride of mercury. The male 
should be treated, also, every day. We 
eradicated it.” 
Straining sometimes results., which is 
due to improper methods. A rubber ball 
syringe, to which a hard-rubber catheter 
has been attached, is convenient to use. 
Scent conveys the idea of trouble to 
the other cows, and some other odor 
should be used to overpower it. A bunch 
of steers will surround a dead dog, and 
bawl till there is quite a loss in flesh and 
value. Anything which weakens the 
system makes the system more susceptible 
to the disease. Prime thought — air 
space—room ventilation. 
Home and Foreign Markets. —Mr. 
Levering said : “ The price of wool fluct¬ 
uates most of any of our products, be¬ 
cause sheep are politicians—tariff tink¬ 
ering. The price of mutton is the same 
in America and England, and a few 
cents’ difference in the price of wool in¬ 
fluences profit. The so-called 1 taste 
of wool ’ is in the mutton of some 
breeds, and is sometimes put there by 
the butchers. 
A peculiarity of the present markets 
is that lambs weighing 140 pounds in 
September do not sell as well as those 
weighing about 90 pounds. The heavy 
breeds carry too much fat. Americans 
do not like fat mutton or pork. The 
fad is now for bacon which is made of 
rail splitters, and is nothing but muscle. 
The New York clubs and hotels pay 
from 30 to 40 cents per pound for such 
A good lamp-chimney deal¬ 
er keeps Macbeth and no 
other. 
Index tells what Number to 
get. 
Write Macbeth Pittsburgh Pa 
mutton as suits them. It must not be 
all thin or fat, but marbled. The trade 
on cold-storage mutton sent to England 
has fallen off one-half. The English 
claim that there is too much oil, strong 
(Continued on next page.) 
In the midst of the cough and cold season, it is well 
to remember that the old reliable remedy, Jayne’s 
Expectorant, it is to be had in Half-Size Half Dollar 
Bottles, as well as in the standard One-Dollar size. 
Aid digestion with Jayne’s Painless Sanative Pills. 
— Adv. 
LIVE-STOCK FEEDERS 
should see that a guaranteed analysis 
accompanies every bag of 
Cotton-Seed Meal. 
It Is the only safe way to avoid adulterated 
Meal. Every bag shipped by the American Cotton 
Oil Company contains a red tag guaranteeing 
not less than the following analysis: 
Ammonia... 8.50 per cent. 
Nitrogen. 7.00 “ 
Protein.43.00 “ 
Crude Fat and Oil. 9.00 “ 
See that the name of The American Cotton-Oil 
Company is on the red tag attached to bag. 
Send your address for free information about 
cotton-seed meal. 
THE AMERICAN COTTON OIL COMPANY, 
46 Cedar Street, New York City. 
as—n—BBWBMaaa^MB iinwiiiiiiii irw s 
Horse Owners! Use 
GOMB AULT’S 
Caustic 
Balsam 
A Safe Speedy and Positive Gore 
The Safest, Itcst BLISTER ever used. Takes 
the place of all liniments for mild or severe action. 
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Horiei 
and Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY 
OR FIRING- Impossible to produce scar or blemish. 
Every bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction 
Price $1.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or 
sent by express, charges paid, with full directions 
for its use. Send for descriptive circulars. 
TH^LAWRENO^^^^^MSW^gggan^^ 
Sharpei your own Borsi. 
THE BUZZARD 
the greatest of all 
HORSE ICE CALKS 
Agents Wanted. Address, 
S.W. KENT.Cazenovia.N.Y. 
Quiet, Orderly, Gentle and Safe 
animal la the one that haa been dehorned. 
It means animal comfort and that means 
animal profit. This knife cuts clean, so 
crushing or bruising. It is quick, causes 
least pain. Strong and lasting. Fully war¬ 
ranted. Highest awards World’s Fair. Send 
for free circulars and prices before buying. 
A. C. BROSIUS, Coehranvllle, Pa. 
HOOK ON-CUT OFF 
The easiest-working, closest- 
cutting, simplest, strongest 
and handiest dehorner 
is the latest 
IMPROVED 
DEHORNER 
Never crushes the horn nor pulls it apart. Made 
on an entirely new principle. ‘Catalogue free. 
WKBSTKR it DICKINSON, Box ChrltUana, l»a. 
Western trade supplied from Chicago salesroom. 
Cows barren 3 years 
MADE TO BREED. 
55£ Moore Brothers, Albany, N, Y. 
MORE EGGS 
are laid by hens when kept free from 
vermin. LAMBERT’S DEATH TO 
LICE is the remedy. It costs but 10c. to 
try it. My 04-page Poultry Book FREE. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, R.I 
The BANNER JUNIOR 
ROOT and VECETABLE CUTTER, 
Cuts all kinds of roots and vegetables rant, fine and 
easy. Makes hens lay, broilers grow and fattens ducks. 
Our booklet WINTER EGGS tells all about it—sent free. 
O. K. Thompson it Sons, 17 Hirer St., Ypsilanli, Mich. 
An Egg Maker 
means a money maker, 
ared II.mhI 
Green Cut Bone pro- 
r Ey I ! ea . Mann’s New Bone Cutter 
„ 'doubles the egg product. Mann’s Granite Crystal 
Grit, Mann's Clover Cutter and Swinging Feed Tray fit 
about every poultry requirement. Catalogue FREE. 
F. W. MANN CO. Boxis, Milford, Mass. 
The Model Mill 
A hand mill for grinding grain, 
dry bones, shells, Ac., for feeding 
chickens, &c. Three sizes, weight 
20, 34 and 62 lbs. The most rapid 
grinding, most durable and 
cheapest mill made. If your 
dealer doesn’t keep it, address 
THE C. S. BELLCO., 
Hillsboro, Ohio, U. S. A. 
$f~* Hand Bone, Shell,Corn 
, O &, Grit Mill for Poultry men. 
. D ««aT 18 ' 
WILSON BROS., Easton, Pa. 
GUERNSEYS. 
225 purebred Guernseys of the best American 
and Island breeding. Butter average, whole 
herd, 318 pounds per head. No catalogue. Come 
and make your own selection. 
ELLERSLEE STOCK FARM, 
RHINECLIFF, N. Y. 
D||V A Dill I — 1 have four fine 
O U 1 E3 Im Lb calves registered 
Jerseys, Ida's Stoke Pogis or Exile breeding at 
fair prices. 
R. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
«||(*n||QPyQ —8 cows; 1 heifer, now due; 4 
lUkllllwE I W heifer calves, from 4 to 8 mos.; 
1 bull 5 weeks, and 1 bull 12 mos., and 1 bull 10 mos 
A. J. SNYDER, Plumsteadvllle, Pa. 
BLOODED LIVE STOCK 
Sheep— Oxfords.Shropshires,South- 
downs. Fancy Poultry. Plg»— 
Berkshires, PoTand-Chinas, Chester 
Whites.Yorkshires. Catalogue free. 
H. L. HOLMES, Harrlaburg, Pa. 
Reg. P. Chinas, Berkshires 
and Chester Whites. Choice 
large strains. 8 week Pigs not 
akin; Service Boars and Bred 
Sows. Poultry. Write for hard 
times prices and free circular. 
Hamilton & Co., Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa. 
Large Improved 
White Yorkshire 
Hogs. Fine Boars, 
Breeding Sows and 
Pigs for Sale. Lead¬ 
ing Market and 
Grass-Eating Hog. 
All stock Register¬ 
ed and Imported. 
A. Vrooman, B.153, 
Carthage, N. Y. 
PURE POLAND-CHINAS SrSf’SME 
quicker than others; low priced enough to be in reach 
of all. F. H. GATES & SON 8 , Chittenango, N. Y. 
IMPROVED CHESTER WHITES 
of the best breeding and all ages for sale at reason¬ 
able prices. Pamphlets and prices free. 
CHA 8 . K. RECORD. Peterboro, N. Y. 
MAMMATH bronze turkeys 
III Hill III V 1 H $0 per pair till January 8 . 
GEO. W. SALISBURY, Phelps, N. Y. 
WHITE WYANDOTTES 
—The standard 
_____and utility 
stock. Pairs, trios, etc. Cockerels, $1.50 ea. Write for 
what you want. Ralph Woodward, New Rochelle,N. Y. 
A VALUABLE BOOK ItfgHHfi 
Something entirely new. The largest out. rflfcS 
Worth $25. to anyone; tellscrcry thing about poul> 
try and how to MAKE HIG MONEY with them. 
Howto Duild Pou It ry houses, etc. Send 15c. for mailing. 
JOHN BAUSCHER, Jr.. Box 66 Freeport, Ills. 
BRABAZON’S POULTRY GATALOBUE 
rprrv It’sabeauty; ovir lOnWyb.tM. Illaa- 
Irate* and describee fine Turkey*, Rene. 
Ducks and chicken*; gives prices of fowls & eggs. Plaesi 
Bayer's Galde pabllshed. Inclose 10c. for postage, etc. 
J. R. Brabazon, Jr. & Co., Box 57, Delavao, Wia. 
POULTRY 
f We ueep everything In the POULTBT LUTE, ♦ 
B Fencing, Feed, Incubators, Live Stock, Brooders V 
» —anything—it’s our business. Call or let us ♦ 
b send you our illustrated catalogue—It’s free for w 
» the asking—It’s worth having. m 
S Excelsior Wire and Poultry Supply Co., V 
$ 28 Vesey Street, New York City. + 
♦*♦**♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦« 
THEY HATCH MILLIONS 
of Chlc-kens, Ducks, Turkeys 
and other fowls in every state 
and territory in the Union and 
in many foreign countries— 
THE PRAIRIE STATE 
INCUBATORS. 
Used by the largest poultry 
breeders, duck and broiler farms 
everywhere. Have taken over 
800 'ii rst prizes in all kinds of competition. 
The easiest to handle, cheapest to operate, 
surest In results and most handsome and 
durable inconstruetion, 168 p. catalog and supplement 
FREE. Prairie State Incubator Co., Homer City, Pa. 
Mrs. M, T. Duval, 
A Million Testimonials 
are not so convincing as the 
30 DAYS TRIAL FREE 
we offer on every Incubator we make. 
Mrs. M. T. Duval, Old Church, Va., 
. Qj) fft never before saw an, 
MgjP' ATincubator, yet with] 
wr V * the Bantam hatched 
50 chicks from 50 eggs l 
sr You cando aswell. Send| 
4c. for No. 23 Catalogue. 
.BUCKEYE IHCUBATOR CO. Springfield, Ohio. 
MAKE HEINS PAI l 
If you wont to knew how others do this, send 
for oar Catalogue and Poultry Guide. It tells 
all about the poultry business and about the 
CYPHERS INCUBATOR 
which embodies all the good points of other 
machines and the faults of none. Sent freight 
paid to every buyer. Catalogue 10c. Circulars free. 
TheCyphers IncbJCn. Box 101 Wavlanrt. N.V 
HATCH CHICKENS 
BY STEAM-withthe 
simple, perfect, self-regulating 
EXCELSIOR I ncubat or 
Thousands in successful operation. 
I Circulars free. 1 I Lowest priced lst-class hatcher znade. 
Send 6c. for I GKO. II. STAHL, 
Ulus. Catalo.tr. | 114 to 138 8. 6th St., Quincy, Til. 
THE IMPROVED 
VICTOR Incubator 
Hatches Chickens by Steam. Absolutely 
■elf-regulating. The simplest, most 
reliable, and oheapest first-class Hatcher 
, In the market. Circulars FKEK- 
GEO. EKTEL CO., QUINCY. ILL. 
