1904 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
53 
EVERYBODY'S GARDEN. 
Hotbeds.— There are very few who can¬ 
not afford even for home use alone some¬ 
thing in this line, and the cost is but a 
trifle compared with the family comfort 
and convenience. The expense is more or 
less as we desire to make it, and depends 
upon the construction. Generally speak¬ 
ing, the best is the cheapest in the end, and 
we prefer to excavate two feet and line up 
with good inch lumber or plank from the 
bottom upward to one foot above ground 
for the front and 18 inches for the back. 
This plan is far better than building- en¬ 
tirely above ground, and chiefly on account 
of the larger body of manure that can be 
utilized. A slight depth of manure gives 
quick and fierce heat, but not lasting 
enough for long continued work. The 
heavier body gives even, strong and lasting 
heat, which is preferable for general op¬ 
erations. Much, after all, depends upon 
the kind of plants grown and the length of 
time required. Building entirely upon the 
surface is often practical, and is the plan 
exclusively followed by many. 
Starting the Bed.— This is an important 
matter, and is really the pivotal point of 
success or failure. If built upon the sur¬ 
face it is far better to have the location 
well covered with litter of some kind dur¬ 
ing the Winter. If this has be.en neglected 
then the ice and snow must be cleared 
away. The foundation ought to be at least 
18 inches larger each way than the size of 
the box. The particular work is in spread¬ 
ing and tramping of the manure. Uneven 
or loosely tramped places will make no 
end of trouble by settling unevenly, and 
good plants in such a bed are out of the 
question. After nearly sufficient height of 
manure is put on then place the boxes and 
fill both outside and in. Cold weather will 
require that the manure be piled and well 
tramped on the outside clear to the top, 
and more be put on as it settles down. The 
inside surface is best kept the same slope 
as the top of the box. After this the soil 
can be filled in and the sash put on. They 
should be raised at intervals for a few 
days until the rank heat passes off. The 
tcmifPrature will probably go high for a 
few days—nearly 100 degrees or more. This 
will do no harm, but when it settles back 
to about 90 degrees it is safe to put in the 
seed. Prom then on it must be closely 
watched, as a bright day even with cold 
weather outside will very quickly run the 
inside temperature above the safety point, 
o frequent ventilation is the remedy. 
Heating Material. —While mixed ma¬ 
nure with more or less shavings, leaves or 
other coarse litter is often used, the safest 
and best is grain-fed horse manure with a 
liberal supply of straw bedding. It is best 
kept under shelter and handled sufficiently 
to prevent burning. A few days before re¬ 
quired for use it is well to fork it thor¬ 
oughly and pile up to start the heat, and 
wet a little also if necessary. A second pil¬ 
ing and forking is good practice also, to 
distribute the heat as much and evenly as 
possible. When well started again it is 
ready for use. 
The Sash.— One large glass entirely to 
fill a sash is, of course, best of all. They 
are expensive, however, and if once broken 
it costs considerable to replace them. The 
sash are usually made in regular sizes at 
the factories, but can be ordered any size 
desired. This always costs extra for read¬ 
justing the machinery. Perhaps the better 
way is first to order the sash, then the 
boxes can be made to accommodate the 
size and number desired. j. e. morse. 
Michigan. 
NEW YORK FRUIT GROWERS' 
ASSOCIATION. 
Part I. 
The members of the New York Fruit 
Growers’ Association met in their third 
innual session at Geneva, N. Y., January G 
and 7. The attendance was large, so large 
the hotels of the city were severely taxed 
to care for the crowd. Secretary Dawdey 
reported the membership to be nearly a 
thousand, and a large proportion must 
have been present. While the business 
sessions, addresses and discussions were of 
interest, the greater attraction seemed to 
be the display of fruits and spraying ma¬ 
chinery in the Armory. The State Experi¬ 
ment Station, which is located near Gen¬ 
eva, made an extensive exhibit of fruits. 
They showed over 400 plates of apples 
(nearly 300 different varieties), 50 plates of 
grapes, 17 of pears and six of quinces. Ell- 
wanger & Barry, Rochester, showed over 
100 plates of apples and 35 of pears. There 
were smaller exhibits of apples by well- 
known growers of western New York. 
Some of these were J. B. Collamer & Son, 
Hilton; M. P. Pierson, Stanley; J. V. Sal¬ 
isbury, Phelps; A. Wood, Carlton; J. T. 
Roberts, Syracuse; Dixon Bros., Hall's 
Corners; T. B. Wilson, Hall’s Corners. 
The prize offered for the “best box, keg 
or barrel of apples packed for commerce” 
brought out a magnificent lot of fruit. 
Every apple in every package seemed ab¬ 
solutely perfect; there were several bar¬ 
rels, one keg, and a large number of boxes 
entered, and the display attracted much 
attention and comment both before and 
after the judging. The first prize was 
awarded to a bushel box of beautiful fruit 
packed stems up, the box hardly level full, 
nd packed so loosely that every apple 
could move slightly in the box. There 
were other boxes of just as fine fruit pack¬ 
ed so the side of the fruit showed, the stem 
of one apple hidden in the calyx of the 
next, and packed so solidly that any row 
of fruit could be removed and yet the re¬ 
mainder of contents would s’av in place, 
while the grading was so well done there 
was not one-fourtli inch variation in the 
diameter of the apples. G. Harold Powell 
asked that the prize box and one ol the 
others be taken to the Opera House, and 
he used them in his address to show the 
proper method of packing. The apples of 
the Experiment Station, while of good 
size, seemed to be off color, lacking in 
what an apple-buyer would call “finish.” 
Their fruit was lacking in that high color 
and gloss, the thoroughly matured look 
which was found on all the fruit shown by 
the individual growers. No doubt the clay 
nature of the soil on which the experi¬ 
ment orchard stands is the main cause for 
the deficiency of color. The Station show¬ 
ed four boxes of apples, two of Spys and 
two of Baldwins; one box of each Variety 
had been grown on trees that had received 
liberal applications of ashes. The height¬ 
ened color of those ashed was very evident. 
It was past the season for showing grapes 
to the best advantage, and they showed 
dry stems and some wilting. Prof. Beach, 
has some seedlings which give great 
promise; he is giving close attention to the 
propagation of new varieties by seeds from 
crosses of well-known kinds. He believes 
that by studying the parentage and mak¬ 
ing suitable crosses grapes can be improv¬ 
ed in breed as well as can horses, cattle 
and sheep. 
Prof. Slingerland, in his report on entom¬ 
ology, said incidentally that no pump yet 
tried was safe to depend upon to mix oil 
and water; they showed a variation of 
from 10 to 82 per cent during one hour of 
testing when set to work at 15 per cent. 
The Spramotor Company had a pump on 
exhibition that carried the oil and water 
in separate hose to the nozzle making the 
mixture there, which they claimed was ab¬ 
solutely accurate. Of the numerous re¬ 
ports of committees those on entomology 
and on plant diseases were of the most 
interest, and brought many questions and 
free discussions. Plant lice, Pear psylla, 
little peach, root-gall, collar rot, canker 
and leaf-blight had been the prominent af¬ 
flictions of the fruit grower the past year. 
^ E. C. G. 
Another, year’s practical business in 
packing and handling apples confirms my 
past experience in the growing and handl n*r 
of apples, that low-headed trees grown in 
sod, well mulched and carefully pruned, 
produce the cleanest, best-colored and 
finest fruit, and all windfalls are market¬ 
able. On plowed ground it is otherwise. 
Warkworth, Ontario. "w. J. b. 
Apples ra California.— We consider the 
Fall Pippin the very best apple in its 
season. We are eating them now (Novem¬ 
ber 1) as sauce, pies, out of hand, baked, 
and the boys take them to school for 
lunch. They do remarkably well here. 
The tree is thrifty and bears regularly 
large crops of large apples. T think so 
much of the Fall Pippin that I have made 
it one of a list called the “big nine,” 
which I have proposed through the medium 
of the California Cultivator, to be the 
best list of apples for family use in this 
climate. Here is the list: Red Astrachan, 
Red June, Gravenstein, Skinner’s Seedling, 
Fall Pippin, Jonathan, Bellflower, W. W. 
Pearmain and Newtown Pippin. The R. 
I. Greening is good in quality but has not 
done well with us. The trees that I plant¬ 
ed in my home orchard for R. I. Green¬ 
ings proved to be a large coarse variety 
not fit to grow. They will be grafted this 
Winter. h. g. k. 
Santa Clara Co., Cal. 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adv. 
A full line in steel or cast 
iron. We save you 
from 85.00 to 840.00 
and ship Freight 
Prepaid on 
yiS8SI 360 
Days Approval. 
All blacked and polished. 
All ranges and cook 
stoves are equipped with 
our patent oven thermom¬ 
eter, which makes bak- 
I ln& e*8y. Wo ore MANUFACTURERS, not moil order dealers. 
' Sond postal for special proposition and catalogue No. 114 
Kalamazoo Stove Co. Mfrs. Kalamazoo, Mich. 
SYRACUSE 
T is a name that is a synonym 
for excellence in plows wherever^ 
. they are known. Every purpose is ^ 
w comprehended in a long line of Walk- 
J ing Plows. Sulkies and Gangs, lhe it- 
r lustration shows No. 674 , 
Vineyard Plow 
with both beam and handles adjustable, so that the 
plow can be used to advantage among trees or vines. 
The standard is set away from the landsule, giving a 
large amount of clearance, which with the excellence 
ofits construction, has made this plow exceedingly 
popular with vineyardists and orchardmen. A simi¬ 
lar plow is furnished having a steel beam and dial 
clevis, giving ample adjustment at both front and 
rear. If no Syracuse dealer in your town, write 
us for our introductory offer and we will send ‘ 
an illustrated catalogue and beautiful souve¬ 
nir free. Address 
SYRACUSE CHILLED PLOW 
COMPANY, 
Syracuse, N. Y. 
SPRAY NOW 
For San Jose scale and 
all fungus diseases use 
THE P E K E E C- 
TION SPRAYER, furnished complete with cart 
and barrel, combined hand and horse power. Sprays 
everything, trees, potatoes, etc. Catalogue free. 
Thomas Peppier, Box SO, Hightst .wn, N. J. 
A Methodist Preacher 
THE 
or any other preacher can spray with our 
Separator Attachment. 
Because we guarantee the nozzles 
will never clog or work poorly. 
What mixture is used. 
Whatkind or style of pump is used. 
What kind or how many nozzles 
1. are used. Send for Catalogue. 
FIERCE - ROOF SPRAYER CO. 
North East, Pa. 
WHY?} 
No Matter 
T il Apple, Plum, Peach, Kieffer 
E. Eii Pear,Maples. Norway Spruce, 
Shrubs, California Privet. Khubarb. See our stock or 
write. Established in 1845. 
EDWIN ALLEN & SON, New Brunswick, N. J. 
Complete assortment, all standard varieties. Hardy, 
Healthy, Northern Grown. FREE FROM DISEASE. 
Prices Low. Quality high. Illustrated Catalog FREE. 
Ful1 Seed Potatoes ^‘^vaneties. 
line 
PURE SEEDS. 
GROVER NURSERY GO., " BaSSEt 
THE WARP BLACKBERRY 
THIS IS something new and of real merit. Very 
1 few new fruits have as high endorsement. Send for 
illustrated circular and pricelistin quantities. Small 
well-rooted plants by mail, $1 per dozen, $4 per hun¬ 
dred. Also Peach and other Fruit Trees, Strawberry 
and other Small Fruit Plants at reasonable prices. 
All stock packed In first class order free of charge. 
Address CHARLES BLACK, Hightstown, N. J. 
EVERGREENS 
Hardy sorti, Nursery grown, for wind, 
breaks, ornament and hedges. Prepaid,$i 
Co $10 per 100-50 Great Bargains to select 
from. Write at once for free Catalogue 
•nd Bargain Sheet. Local AgenU wanted. 
D. Hill,IpociaiT.?, Dundee, III, 
EDUCATED TREES 
BRED FOR BEARING 
TRUE TO NAME because all our Buds 
are cut from our own “Fruit Belt” 
Bearing Trees. Illustrated Catalog free. 
WEST MICHIGAN NURSERIES, 
Box 64, BENTON HARBOR, MICH. 
BARGAINS IN PLANTS AND TREES 
worth double the money, by mail postpaid. 
200 Marie Strawberry 81 00 
100 King Raspberry 1 00 
100 Ea. King Blackberry 1 00 
100 Ohiner “ 1 00 
20 Niagara Grapes 1 00 
20 Worden “ 1 00 
20 Wilder Currants 
20 Fay “ 
20 Elberta Peach 
10 Pear assorted 
10 Cherry assorted 
15 Apples 
81 00 
1 00 
1 00 
1 00 
1 00 
1 00 
beBt varieties cheap. 
Everything for the fruit grower 
Free catalog of great bargains—3 new strawberry 
plants free for 6 names of fruit growers and 2c stamp. 
Wi N. r SCARFF, NEW CARLISLE, OHIO 
THE TREE OF LIFE 
buds 1 
nous I 
is one budded upon a branched root seedling, buds 
taken from bearing trees, grown upon the famous 
Michigan fruit land, dug by our root protecting 
tree digger and handled In our mammoth storage 
cellars. Small fruits and everything in nursery 
and greenhouse lines true to name at wholesale 
prices. OT We guarantee safe delivery. 
Catalogue FREE. Write to day. 
CENTRAL MICHIGAN NURSERY, K^amazoo, Mich. 
■Hwwa Michigan’uMammothXuraotitt 
npnnif Ask for our 22nd Annual Catalogue. 
Htnn I CLIMAX, the wonderful new early 
■ Strawberry, with many other kinds 
PI AIITQ fully described. Good varieties as low 
' * 4* as$1.50M. Slaymaker&Son, Dover, Del. 
J ESSIE STRAWBERRY PLANTS for sale. 
True to name. J. K. LOSEE, Elnora, N. Y. 
CHOICE STRAWBERRY FRANTS. 
500.000 Climax, $2 per M; all other leading varieties 
Write for prices. JOHN W. GREEN, Bridgeville, Del 
CHOICE STRAWBERRY FRANTS. 
150,000 Climax.and 50 other best varieties at the low¬ 
est prices. Free catalogue will interest you; send 
for one. W. S. TODD, Greenwood, Del. 
TDPPC and PLANTS at Wholesale Prices 
I K fthA Apple, Pear and Plum, $8 per 100. Cat. free 
x xvjjxjvj reliance Nursery. Box lO.Geneva.N.Y 
60 Varieties Strawberry Plants, •i*2 r i£ 00 
A general line of Nursery stock. Send for 1904 Cata¬ 
logue now. H. W. HENRY, LaPorte Indiana. 
TRFR -0ne dollar ’ s worth up at wholesale prices; 
I nLLO secure variety now; spring payment; 80- 
£ age catalog. G. C. STONE, Wholesale Nurseries, 
•ansville, N. Y. Established 35 years. 
BEST PLANTS 
at the lowest possible prices. Best new and standard 
Strawberries, Raspberries nd Blackberries Heavy 
Rooted. True to name. Satisfaction guaranteed. 
Catalogue free. 
A. B. WESTON & Co., It. F. D. No, 10. Bridgman, Mich 
Peach Trees 1 yr. from bud 2 to 4c. Sample 2 to 3 ft, 
by mail oi larger sizes by express 25c. Also Plum 
Apples, Pear, etc. It. 8. Johnston,Box 4, Stockley.Del' 
lARGAIN FRUIT collection 
B i___ 
One ol our 12 offers. 12 Echo Strawberry, 2 W ood’s 
Cuthbert Raspberry, 2 Erie Blackberry, 2 Fay’s 
Currant, 2 Concord Grape. 20 strong well rooted 
plants, prepaid lor 50c. All Wood’scholcest. Ask 
for Bargain Circular, also General Fruit Catalog. Free. 
ALLEN L. WOOD, Wholesale Grower, Rochester, N. Y. 
Strawberry Culture 
A 60-page book, makes you un¬ 
derstand the whole subject. Sent 
postpaid on receipt of 25c, silver 
or lc stamps. Worth four times 
the price. Money backif you don't 
think so. Beautiful Illustrated 
Strawborry Catalogue Free. 
W.F. ALLEN, SALISBURY, MO. 
are trees of value 
— proven by hun- 
• • dreds of the largest 
Commercial Orchardists 
in the country—that’s all. Catalogue tells 
Wiley’s 
Trees 
the rest. 
H. S. Wiley, Cayuga, /V. Y m 
TREES SUCCEED WHERE 
_ " Largest N uriery. OTHERS FAIL 
Fruit Book Free. Result of 78 year*’ experience 
'stark BROS. Louisiana. Mo.; Dansvllle, N. Y.; Etc 
100,000 Apple, 200,000 Peach, 
SSOM. 80UR CHERRY. Low Prices. Catalogue. 
WOODYIEW NURSERIES, B. 2, Mt. Holly Sprlngs,Pa 
S 
WEET’STREE 
s 
150 acres. Trees, vines and plants. 
Fruits and ornamentals. Joinyour 
neighbors and get club prices and 
low freight direct from nursery. 
No other such stock. Established in 1869. Write 
at once for catalogue. It’s free for the asking. 
Geo. A. Sweet Nursery Co., 20 Maple St., Dansvilla, N.Y. 
Rest Early Peach Yet Introduced, also 
“SUCCESS” PEACH “WARD”BLACKBERRY 
and All Kinds of Nursery Stock 
offered at lowest prices direct to the planter. Cer- 
of all other varieties. Finest and best grown stock tlflcates of inspection and fumigation accompany 
in the country. Address every shipment. Address 
JOS. H. BLACK., SON cfc CO., 
HIGHTSTOWN, NEW JERSEY 
HIGH GRADE NURSERY STOCK 
direct to the planters at less than half the usual prices. We have now growing in 
our Nurseries over one and a half Million Fruit Trees by actual count. In part 
as follows; 
800,000 Peach Trees^SO varieties, all the best new and old. 
476,700 Apple Trees—68 varieties, all the best new and old. 
185,000 Pear Trees, full assortment ot varie ies. 
155.750 Cherry Trees, lull assortment of varieties. 
54,754 Plum Trees, lull assortment of varieties. 
Varieties are true to name and no disease. Inspector’s certificate with each shipment. 
Shipments the part season exceeded 1,000,000 trees. To parties who wish to buy in quantities, we 
will be pleased to send samples of our trees free of charge. Send for our descriptive List, now ready 
WE FAY THE FREIGHT TO YOUR STATION. 
Box 25. NEW HAVEN NURSERIES, New Haven, Mo. 
m | fatal | »■ Apples, Bartlett Pears. Montmorency Cherries. Large German Prunes, Elberta 
gj A \J W I TO Peaches and other leading business varieties of fruit trees bred from famous 
bearing orchards. The Tree Breeder tells the rest. It’s FREE 
THE TREE BREEDERS._ROGERS ON THE HILL, DANSVILLE, N. Y. 
* w-v f-a. STARK GRAPE NURSERIES are in the heart of the famous Chautauqua 
■ ■ l-rf* /\ Y* Grape Belt, which produces the finest vines grown in theU. 8. We have 
V# Ikill M-/ an immense stock of all leading sorts; quality perfect; prices low as those oi 
_ any reputable grower. Send us your orders— one vine or a car load. Acorn- 
I N ■ plete line of fruit trees, small c T A D Vf DDA’C PORTLAND, N. Y. 
I 
'ruits, etc- Price List free 
1 CT ADF DDA’C PORTLAND, N.Y 
. O 1 AtXIV DKU O Louisiana. Mo. 
JAYNE’S TONIC VERMIFUGE 
CURES DYSPEPSIA and BRINGS HEALTH 
