76 
TI1E RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 80 
14 'HY THE HENS PAY. 
On page 47 J. I., of Connecticut, tells 
hew his 275 hens paid $429.31 net profit 
last year. How did they do it? 
I keep Black Minorcas and Barred 
Plymouth Rocks, about half and half, 
perhaps a few more Minorcas. I would 
not have any Plymouth Rocks only for 
the reason that they make the best 
mothers for chicks. I use no incubators, 
nor brooders. I feed my hens three 
times a day, Winter and Summer. I will 
give you my way of feeding. I feed small 
grain in morning, wheat, barley or oats, 
and sometimes cracked corn, about from 
10 to 14 quarts, according to need. At 
noon I make up a soft mess of wheat 
bran, boiled turnips and meat scraps 
about as follows: Sixteen quarts of bran, 
10 pounds of scraps and about one peck 
of turnips (White Egg), sometimes 
more, sometimes less. I vary that mess 
according to the amount of eggs they 
lay. I increase that to all they will clean 
up. At night I feed whole corn in Win¬ 
ter, from 10 to 12 quarts; Summer crack¬ 
ed corn. I feed cut clover in Winter or 
rowen hay cut in feed cutter and steam¬ 
ed over night. I have the yards large, 
so that they have plenty of grass in 
Summer. j. i. 
MUST HENS HAVE MILK? 
I have been seriously thinking of 
starting a hen farm, but I read some¬ 
thing recently that seems to make it im¬ 
practicable. In the report of the New 
Jersey State Board of Agriculture for 1902-3 
T see that Mr. Van Dreser says he keeps 22 
cows to furnish skim-milk for his hens, 
and that it is of no use for a man to go 
into the poultry business unless he can 
furnish these hens with skim-milk. Al¬ 
though I could manage the work on a 
poultry farm, I could not manage to keep 
a number of cows in addition. Of course 
the butter, etc. would pay for their keep, 
but it would be more work than I could do. 
Our friend Mr. Mapes, insists strongly on 
the value of skim-milk for poultry, but I 
think, does not claim that it is an absolute, 
necessity. In the locality I would start the 
farm I could not buy skim-milk in any 
quantity at any price. Therefore I appeal 
to poultrymen to help me out by answer¬ 
ing the following questions: Is skim-milk 
absolutely necessary to success in doing a 
poultry business for eggs? If so, about 
how many quarts per day would be neces¬ 
sary for say 1,000 hens? If it is not abso¬ 
lutely necessary, what could be used in its 
place? READKTt. 
We do not think our friend need 
worry about his inability to obtain 
skim-milk, for while there is no ques¬ 
tion as to value of skim-milk as food 
for laying hens, it is far from being a 
necessity; in fact, there are lots of very 
successful poultrymen who do not feed 
it. We would feed it if we had it, but 
as we only keep two cows, our 1,200 
White Leghorns seldom obtain a smell 
of milk. In place of milk we boil vege¬ 
tables, and mix with the mash, which 
we feed hot at noon. We also feed dried 
ground beef scraps and almost any nice 
scraps we can pick up at the butcher’s, 
either boiled with the vegetables or run 
through the bone cutter. 
white & n ice. 
I am a firm believer in the value of 
skim-milk for poultry, either for eggs 
or flesh. The albuminous matter in the 
milk is so nearly akin to the albuminous 
matter in the egg that the reason is ap¬ 
parent. Nevertheless many of the most 
notable successes in procuring eggs that 
have come under my immediate notice 
have been reached without the use of 
milk. My cousin’s flock of 20 hens, that 
laid an average of 16 eggs a day during 
the entire month of January, of which 
I have before spoken, got no milk. Mrs. 
Crawford’s flock, of which mention was 
made in these notes about a year ago, 
got no milk. Mr. Turner’s flock of 500, 
mentioned on page 62, as being the ban¬ 
ner flock of the Cornell Experiment Sta¬ 
tion tests, got no milk. In the face of 
such evidence I would be very unwise to 
claim that skim-milk is a “necessity.” 
Where it is decided to depend on skim- 
milk for animal food for hens, a good 
rule is to provide one cow for each 100 
hens. This should give about eight to 
10 quarts of skim-milk or buttermilk to 
each 100 hens, which will be sufficient. 
Part of this can be used for wetting the 
mash, when a mash is fed, and the re¬ 
mainder used as a drink in place ot 
water. I know of no better substitute 
than meat in some form. This can be 
secured either in the form of fresh meat 
(cooked or raw), green cut bone, animal 
meal, meat scrap, etc. My cousin’s flock 
of 20 hens were fed five ounces per day 
of animal meal. Mrs. Crawford uses 
some meat scrap, and cooks a good 
many fish trimmings, etc., for her hens 
secured from her marketman. Mr. Tur¬ 
ner takes whole carcasses of horses, cat¬ 
tle, etc., cooks them first, then runs 
them through his bone cutter, using a 
gasoline engine for power. He gives his 
hens nearly an ounce each per day for 
each hen, of this cooked stock. If other 
sources of supply are not available the 
commercial meat scraps and animal 
meals can be had in any locality. 
o. w. MAPES. 
A HEN SANITARIUM. 
We are not poultry experts at our 
place, but Mrs. Cook has a little poultry 
ranch that is slowly coming to have a 
local reputation. She has been quite 
carefully selecting eggs for several years 
from the best layers, and giving them 
such care as good poultrymen usually 
give their fowls, and has received $1 and 
upwards per hen after paying the feed 
bills, or after deducting the cost of feed 
which the undersigned had paid for. I 
have been much interested in stables for 
dairy cows that are so perfectly insu¬ 
lated that outside temperatures do not 
materially affect the inside degrees, and 
its very appreciable effect upon milk 
production, until I have come to say 
without fear of contradiction from those 
who have experience that the Winter 
months are more desirable for maxi¬ 
mum milk production than the Summer 
season. Of course thousands of dairy¬ 
men do not believe this statement, and 
occasionally plainly tell me so in an in¬ 
stitute, and so a lot of dairymen say that 
manure wastes in the field, but not 
when thrSvfrn out of a window hole and 
hauled once a year, but that does not 
change the facts in the case. I am com¬ 
ing to be just as much interested in these 
same conditions of warmth and com¬ 
fort for hens. Milk and eggs are each a 
product of comfort, and so if warmth 
produces milk, I mean uniform warmth, 
that is, 52 to 58 degrees all the time, and 
is profitable, then why not do likewise 
for laying hens? I do not know how to 
build and maintain 50 to 60 degrees in 
a henhouse when the thermometer bulb 
is not low enough for the mercury, but 
we are maintaining during these ex¬ 
treme protracted cold times a tempera¬ 
ture ranging from 37 to 42 degrees, and 
a thermometer hangs in every stable, 
pen or roost, and is just as valuable as 
a milk scale. 
This house is thoroughly insulated 
upon all sides but one, which is protect¬ 
ed by another building, by a stuffed wall 
of straw and straw above, and a cement 
floor, thus shutting off every chance for 
air to enter around the wall or for cold 
air contact or moisture from the soil 
below. I have repeatedly said that it 
did not seem possible to secure large egg 
production in the Winter in our north¬ 
ern section, where it storms often three 
days in a week, and cloudy the rest of 
the time, and this exceptional year these 
things happens every day in the week. 
But this warm henhouse is giving 40 to 
53 eggs a day for the past six weeks 
from 125 hens, 75 pullets and 50 old 
hens, and 40 degrees below absolutely 
had no effect otherwise than to increase 
the production two eggs per day. 
Another unauthorized practice is in 
use. These 125 hens are kept in a room 
10x24 feet, so thick that Mrs. Cook says 
they need a separate place to turn 
around in. The most rigid sanitary law 
prevails however; frequent cleaning and 
liberal use of broom and disinfectants 
is practiced. The mistress of this busi¬ 
ness has a code of laws that would do 
justice to a sanitarium, and so not a 
sick hen since they were put into Win¬ 
ter quarters Moral: Healthy hens, com¬ 
fort, eggs, profit. I am now querying 
whether we can perfect hen care, feed 
and environment to such a degree that 
I can truthfully say of Winter egg pro¬ 
duction what can now be said of milk 
production. h. e. cook. 
R. N. Y.—Mr. Cook writes that at 
noon on January 15 the temperature 
outside was six degrees above zero. In¬ 
side this house it was 52 degrees. 
GUERNSEY HERD FOR SALE. 
Four Cows, Four Heifers, Two to Three Years Old. 
Two Heifer Calves, One Yearling Bull, One Bull Oalf. 
The entire herd cf Guernseys owned by Mr. Stephen G. Williams of New Bruns¬ 
wick, N. J. Mr. Williams has decided to sell all his full-blood stock—the prices 
will move them quick. 
WARRANTED FREE FROM DISEASE 
Particulars and prices on application to 
Gerald Howatt, 18 Lake St., White Plains, N.Y. 
U Dovc T0 C00K 
* IS STOCK FOOD 
If you own one of our 
Eonomical Feed Cookers 
The best and most durably made 
Cooker on the market. Best for boil¬ 
ing sap, soap, lard; scalding, etc. 
Laes little fuel and holds fire longer than 
others. 4 sizes,from 1 bbl. to 2V bbl. Guar¬ 
anteed full oapaclty 'jacket of high carbon 
) oold-rolled steel; large fire door takes In 
chunks; kettle of best quality new oast iron 
(no scrap), smoothly finished. Free circular 
gives many other good points. Write now. 
TOLEDO PLOW CO.. Dent. It, Toledo, O. 
SENT. 
under positive guaran¬ 
tee to refund money 
if not satisfactory. No 
bolting food. Perfect 
digestion. All tinned 
_norust,easiiycleaned. 
KEYSTONE CALF FEEDER.. 
Used and endorsed by leading dairymen, agricultural col¬ 
leges and experiment stations. Complete with extra nipple, 
$1.60, express prepaid. Book free. Agents wanted. » 
M. T.+PH1LL1PS, Box 18, Pomeroy, Pa. 
Naiad of St. Lambert 
was a great cow. Aside from her official tost, she 
was a full sister to Mary Anne of St. Lambert 
[36:12 In seven days, 367:14 In a year] and her 
owner once refused $16,000 for her. Allie of St. 
Lambert was another great cow, and her record 
combined with that of her full sister has never 
been beaten for milk and butter by any other 
two full sisters of the Jersey breed. Eurotas 
was another great cow, as shown by her then 
great year’s butter test and the potency of her 
blood through her descendants. 
Every Bull on Sale List B19 traces closely to 
one or more of these great cows. See advertise¬ 
ment on pages 376, 894. 14. 30 and 46 and write for 
booklet and list. DO IT NOW. 
WINTKRGREEN HILL FARM 
SCOTF5VILLE, N.Y. 
Registered Jersey Bull Calves 
n ^ ^Ported Golden Lad at fair prices, 
k F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty Street, Pittsburg, Pa - 
Spavii 
Cvirb 
Core These Blemishes 
Also Ringbone, hard or soft 
enlargements. Sweeny, Knee- 
Sprung,Fistula and Poll Evil. 
Slight cost and certain cures. 
Two big booklets telling how 
to do it sent free. Write today. 
rLKHINO BROS., Chrml.U, 
839 Cnlnn StoekcYards,Chisago,1 
IPPCCY^h ®'' ve ReK Bulls; 7 Reg. Heifers; Solid 
jLnOL I U color; St Lambert st-ain; 2tol0months 
Old. J ALDUS HEltH, Lancaster, Pa. 
GNAGEY FARM 
Offers Jersey Bull Calves on approval. If you need 
one. write us at once SAMUEL HEKSHBKUG K It 
Manager.Granltville. Md 
DEATH TO LICE 
on HENS and CHICK8, 
_64-page book FREE. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, R. 1. 
squabs pay 
Easier, need attention only part of 
time, bring big prices. Raised in one 
month. Money-makers for poultry- 
men, farmers, women. Send for FREE 
BOOKLET and learn this rich home 
Industry. PLYMOUTH ROCK SQUAB 
CO., 4A Friend Street. Boston. Mass. 
N O MORE BLIND HORSES.—Fo'r Specific Oph¬ 
thalmia, Moon Blindness, and other Sore Eyes. 
BARRY CO.. Iowa City Iowa, have » sure cure. 
90 
Var’s Poultry, Pigeons, Parrots, Dogs, Cats 
Ferrets, etc. Eggs a specialty 60 p book, 10c 
Rates free. J A BERGKY, Box 8,Telford, Pa 
Ml V* mi bred IS years for EGGS. Barred Rocks 
HhN ^ up to 273 eggs a year. Catalog free 
The New System of Hatching and rais¬ 
ing chickens PAYS the best of all. Try it. 
F. GRUNDY, Morrlsonvllle, Ill, 
nnOVCDCI C - Cholce w - Wyan., P. Rocks, 
llUuKCtluLd Brahmas, Cochins, Leghorns 
from prize-winning stock. 23 varieties of land and 
water fowls. Satisfaction guaranteed. Big catalogue 
free. PINE TREE FARM, Box T, Jamesburg, N. J 
S. C. White Leghorns. 
We still have a few of our choice Cockerels to dis¬ 
pose of at moderate prices. 
WHITE & RICE, Box A, Yorktown, N. 7. 
EMPIRE STATE WHITE LEGHORN FARM. 
Cockerels, $2; Pullets. $1.50; Eggs, $1 for 15; $5 per 
100. Heavy Winter layers. Catalogue free. 
ZIMMER BROS. R. D. 41, Weedsport, N. Y. 
LIGHT BRAHMAS 
Finely bred standard markings from finest and first 
premium old birds; have bred them 30 years. 60 for 
safi'.pEggs for hatching. White Plymouth Rocks 
and eggs for sale. Large white birds, best strains 
■I. A. ROBERTS, Malvern, Pa. 
P A A—Single Comb Brown Leghorns only, 
$1.50 per 15; $10 00 per 100. AlsoPekin 
w—w Duck Eggs, $100 per 13; $8.00 per 100 
CRYSTAL SPRING POULTRY FARM, West Cox- 
sackie, N. Y., R. F- D- 
For Sale. —Scotch Collies, magnificently 
bred. A. J. BENEDICT, Bristol. Wls., R. F. D. No,2 
QUALITY. 
FOR SALE—One, two or three Yearling Jersey 
Heifers,graud-danghters of Emma's Pearl. In calf to 
our imported bull,Arthur's Golden Marquis; also two 
Bull Calves by Arthur's Golden Mai quls out of tested 
dams They are bred right, raised right and for sale 
right; satisfaction guaranteed. Address 
E. W. MOSHEU, Aurora, N Y. 
Wliito Plains. N. Y. 
HIGHEST GLASS JERSEYS 
BRIARCLTFF BEAU. 
THE BEST SON OF JERSEY BEAU, 
BRIARCLIFF BEAU’S get show promise of being 
?reat Dairy and Show animals. Uniformity, color, 
etc , are of the finest. 
Also imp. uraniBTKK WHITES and Standard-Bred 
BLACK MINORCAS and WHITE WYANDOTTES. 
O' - Correspondence solicited. 
L. E. ORTIZ, Supt., White Plains, N. Y. 
HOLSTEIN CATTLE 
Good ones, and all ages. Fine Yearling Balia, 
ready for service. 
RAMBOUILLET SHEEP. 
BERKSHIRE SWINE. 
Write DELLHURST FARMS, Mentor, Ohio. 
HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ST0CKr™'"“u°n 
Calves for sale at very lowpriees. Write for list giving 
prices and breeding. W. W. CHENEY,M.mlius,N.Y. 
HOLSTEIN - FRIESIANS. 
Choice young stock of the best breeding for sale. 
Prices reasonable. Every animal registered. 
WOODCKE3T FARM, Rifton, Ulster Co., N. Y. 
JACKS FOR SALE. 
The finest lot of Jacks and Jennets 1 ever owned. 
Some especial bargains. 25 reasons why farmers 
should raise mules. Address 
BAKER’S JACK FARM, Lawrence, Ind. 
“Five of your Jersey Red Pigs to 
months, and a half-sister to them, 19 mouths old. 668 
lbs., and she raised two litters of pigs. ’’ So writes a 
customer of mine. Catalogue Free. 
ARTHUR J. COLLINS, Box 87, Moorestown, N. J. 
HOLSTEIN BULL CALVES. Scotch Collies, Spayed 
** Females. SILAS DECKER, South Montrose, Pa. 
Reg. P. Chinas, Berkshires and C. Whites. 
8 wks to 6 mos. mated not akin. 
Service Boars, Bred Sows. W ltefor 
prices and description Bel urn if not 
satisfactory; we refund the money. 
I & CO., Ercildoun, Chester Co.. Pa. 
DERKSHIRE and C. WniTE PIGS, $5 up. B. 
u P Rock Cockerels. $100. P c Service Boars,No. 
1 Stock. W A. LOTHERS, Lack, Pa. 
IMPROVED LARGE YORKSHIRES ffK 
hog. Pigs of all ages from imported stock for sale. 
MEADOW BROOK 8TOCK FARM. Rochester- Mich 
ENGLISH BERKSHIRES 
eligible to registry, on approval, try SUGAR GROVE 
FARM, Grantsville, Md. 
Berkshire Sows Bred for April Farrow. 
Sixteen head of sows, bred to farrow in April, 1904. 
worthy of the consideration of any Berkshire fancier. 
Six of the number are a year old, and have produced 
fine litters in September. Also, 40 September farrowed 
Pigs. Tabulated pedigrees, certificates of registry, 
and transfer of ownership go with each individual 
sold. J. E. WATSON, Marbledale, CL 
