1904 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
133 
EVERYBODY'S GARDEN . 
Vine Crops. —Of late I have been giv¬ 
ing some thought to the culture of the 
vine crops, and to some extent have 
been reading the various opinions of 
growers as to the best methods of ferti¬ 
lizing for the crop. All growers, I 
think, will agree that the soil cannot 
well be too rich, and the almost univer¬ 
sal directions are to mix into the hill a 
quantity of thoroughly-rotted manure. 
This advice in the main is correct, but 
ought to be taken with some modifica¬ 
tions. First, it ought to be of the best 
quality and in condition to be readily 
available. It ought also to be suffi¬ 
ciently fine, so that it will not interfere 
with the capillary action of the soil, else 
in a dry time we are very liable to seri¬ 
ous injury. For best results great care 
is necessary upon this point. Again we 
are prone to be satisfied with this plan 
of manuring and rest contentedly upon 
the thought that if the manure has only 
been placed in the hill there is nothing 
further to be desired. If it be true that 
the root system is equal in extent to the 
vine then the exclusive hill manuring is 
not effective. This is certainly true of 
the pumpkin and squash, excepting, per¬ 
haps, the Summer varieties of squashes 
of the bush habit. The strong running 
vines of the squash and pumpkin, often 
reaching 20 feet or more from the hill, 
require something more than the shovel¬ 
ful of manure away back at the tap root. 
Nature has endowed them with the pow¬ 
er to send down feeders at the joints, 
and they require something more than 
the bare soil to feed upon. It would be 
difficult to tell in advance, where these 
feeders are going to start out, so we 
cannot manure these particular spots in 
advance. The safe plan is to fill the soil 
with manure, so that wherever they do 
start out they will find food in plenty. 
These two are said to assimilate more 
green manure than any of the other vine 
crops, so it is wise practice to fill the 
whole ground and incidentally remem¬ 
ber the shovelful in the hill also, pro¬ 
vided it is in condition not to prove an 
open door for the escape of moisture. 
The melon and cucumber vines no doubt 
are less exacting and will do fairly well 
under hill manuring alone. But I have 
never been able to get satisfactory work 
cut of a half starved horse, or soil 
either, so I like to see the plant food 
spread on lavishly and all over the 
ground. We often make the mistake of 
allowing too much vine growth. The 
time comes when fruits set with no pos¬ 
sibility of maturing and leaving them 
to grow is simply a waste of vine en¬ 
ergy. Especially is this true in case of 
a dry time followed by wet weather. If 
not too far advanced the vines are al¬ 
most certain to blossom and set new 
fruits with no possibility of maturing, 
and they become a heavy draft upon the 
vines and consequently an injury to the 
earlier settings. Our part is liberal 
feeding of the entire ground, judicious 
hill manuring and pinching back the 
vines when proper growth has been 
made; then with thorough culture as 
long as the vine growth permits we may 
expect satisfactory returns. 
Michigan. J. e. morse. 
NOTES ON RYE AND CLOVER. 
This question is brought up in Hope 
Farm Notes. There are so many ways 
to handle these crops that it is difficult 
to determine which is the best. Al¬ 
though maximum crops of wheat can be 
grown on this farm the crop has been 
abandoned, and rye grown instead. By 
harvesting the rye with hogs and sheep 
the machinery expense is cut out, and 
more the amount of forage for stock is 
increased. Rye will stand a good deal of 
hard treatment and then make a crop. 
Last year at this time (November 9) 
there were on this farm of 8G acres 34 
acres of rye, partly volunteer, that gave 
a great amount of pasture each day to 
over 350 feeding lambs. This year (1903) 
the plan was to have 45 acres, but on ac¬ 
count of drought it is almost a failure. 
As a general rule, no doubt there is less 
care taken in sowing rye than any other 
small grain crop, and still it will come 
on and make a crop. While this is true 
it is no argument in favor of such work, 
but a point showing the hardiness of the 
crop. With the experience secured here, 
I do not understand why the Hope Farm 
man should think of plowing corn stub¬ 
ble as a preparation for sowing rye. The 
disk drag harrow and roller in this or¬ 
der should give the most desirable seed 
bed, at the same time doing away with 
the corn stubs, so they will not be in 
the way of seeding, or hay gathering af¬ 
terwards. 
The best results will be from these 
tools, by working them all in the same 
direction over the land. This will break 
down the stubs so they will not be in the 
way of the grain drill following in the 
same direction. Rye is the most satis¬ 
factory small grain crop in which to 
seed clover, and grass crops, for the rea¬ 
son that the blade growth is not so 
dense close to the ground as that of 
wheat and oats. Pasturing the rye af¬ 
ter the clover and grass seed is sown, 
if the land is not too wet, makes the 
catch more certain, as the animals 
tramp the seed into the soil giving it 
the needed covering. After it is sprout¬ 
ed this tramping does not seem to be 
any injury. 
In pasturing the rye in the Spring it 
is desirable to get an even grazing done 
over the field, but this is very hard to 
do without stocking too heavily. When 
time comes for the rye to joint, all stock 
should be taken off and the rye allowed 
to make itself if a grain crop is wanted. 
The making of the grain crop will take 
about eight weeks. Two weeks more 
should be given for the rye to lodge, and 
the clover to get a good start. The rye 
in lodging will straw-break a foot or 
more above ground and the heads will 
be about this distance above ground. 
The clover, if the weather is favorable, 
w'ill soon appear above the lodged rye. 
In this condition it is an ideal pasture 
for sows and pigs or shotes to be fat¬ 
tened for market on new corn. It also 
makes a very desirable pasture for ewes 
and lambs. The latter will get very fat 
on this kind of feed. When the lambs 
are taken from the ewes the latter fat¬ 
ten very quickly if left on the rye. By 
gathering the crop in this way but little 
is lost. Not as much, at any rate, as the 
cost of harvesting, grinding the grain, 
paying toll, and feeding out to the hogs, 
in the form of slop, would be. 
Under favorable weather conditions it 
is hard correctly to estimate the value 
of the volunteer rye pasture mixed with 
clover following this plan of harvesting 
the rye The rye straw will act as a 
mulch for the young clover over Win¬ 
ter, making it possible to grow clover 
on wet cold clay land that would be sure 
to heave it out without this protection. 
This is a sure and safe way to improve 
this kind of land and at the same time 
give the owner an income which it 
would not be possible to get, by harvest¬ 
ing the rye as is usually done. 
Ohio. JOHN M. JAMISON. 
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CURES DYSPEPSIA and BRINGS HEALTH 
