54 o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
July 10 , 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether it is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions r on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
Using Fungiroid. 
B. B., Blue Anchor, N. J. —How do you mix 
Fungiroid and whai kind of a duster do you 
use? 
Ans. —One pound Fungiroid, two 
pounds flour, damaged grocery flour is as 
good as fresh, and one tablespoonful 
Paris-green mixed together make an ex¬ 
cellent dusting spray for potatoes, con¬ 
trolling blight fungus and beetles at the 
same time. It is best put on with an air- 
blast powder gun when the dew is on the 
foliage. 
Cutworms in Cucumbers. 
IF. A. S„ Bowersville, O .—The cutworms 
are destroying my cucumber and tomato 
planfs, and squash and melon vines. Ilow 
shall we deal with them to save the plants? 
Ans. —Bran and arsenic is the best 
weapon against cutworms. Stir enough 
Paris-green into the bran to tinge it 
slightly green, sprinkle it with water un¬ 
til it is damp and crumbly. Put a very 
little of this dampened bran around each 
plant, and you will soon get rid of the 
cutworms. 
Rape and Crimson Clover for Fruit. 
IF. Y. V., Marlborough, N. Y. —Will rape 
be a good crop to sow between fruit trees and 
hushes in latter part of July to plow under 
late in Fall? 
Ans. —Yes. Rape will give a heavy 
crop, but we would prefer to mix Crimson 
clover seed with it when sowing. Use 10 
pounds Crimson clover and two pounds 
rape per acre. The rape will be killed 
during Winter, but the clover will usually 
live through. We do not care to plow a 
green crop under in the Fall. We would 
rather let it be on the ground and plow in 
Spring. 
Golden Russet Pear; Triumph Gooseberry. 
II. B. 8., Rocky River, 0 .—1. Is there a 
pear known as the Golden Russet? 2. Is the 
Triumph gooseberry considered a finer variety 
than the Downing? If so, in what respect? 
Ans. —1. The Golden Russet pear is a 
very handsome variety. The fruit is of 
good size, rather flat or apple-like in 
shape, and of a beautiful golden russet 
color. The tree is a fine grower, very 
productive and ornamental, but the 
fruit has absolutely no value for 
cooking or eating, and the tree should 
only be grown for ornamental purposes. 
2. The Triumph gooseberry is a very 
much larger variety than the Downing, 
but the quality is not so good. It is pro¬ 
ductive and healthy, and also quite free 
from mildew, but the foliage does not 
stand the hot sun as well as the Downing, 
and cannot be considered as reliable a 
variety as the latter, though we regard it 
as the best of all the very large-fruited 
sorts of tne foreign type. 
Mutdy Plum; Diamond Peach. 
L. F., Cincinnati, O. —I would like your 
opinion on the Murdy plum and the Diamond 
peach, sold hy a nursery company of this 
State. The agent has been through this 
neighborhood lately soliciting orders at $50 
per 100. A great many bought trees because 
of the glowing description made by the 
agent of the fruit. I did not buy nor order 
any, not knowing whether they were good 
or not. Bartlett pear trees and Golden Pippin 
and Smith Cider apple trees are suffering 
terribly from twig blight here. Is there a 
remedy ? 
Ans. —It is the opinion of many expert 
fruit men that the plum called Murdy is 
the same as the Bradshaw, and if they are 
not merely two names for the same va¬ 
riety there is so little difference between 
them that there is no distinction worth 
mentioning. The Diamond peach is a late 
yellow cling of fair quality. Both these 
fruits are worthy of culture, but at $50 
per hundred the trees are more than dou¬ 
ble price. They or others as good can be 
bought at about $10 per hundred from re¬ 
liable nurseries, and any nursery that asks 
such an unreasonable price is liable to sus¬ 
picion of unfair dealing in other ways. A 
fair, legitimate price is all right, but not 
one that is exorbitant. There is no rem¬ 
edy known for blight of pear and apple 
trees. To cut off and burn all affected 
parts, being careful to cut well below 
where there is any evidence of the disease, 
will help to prevent its spread another 
year. h. e. v. d. 
Winesap Not Bearing. 
F. G. D., Jamaica, British West Indies .— 
Last year I bought an apple orchard of 2,000 
Winesap trees in Albemarle Co., Va. The 
orchard was in a very neglected condition, 
and though the trees are 25 years old they 
have never borne a good crop. During last 
Summer trees were sprayed, cultivated and 
planted to cow peas, also received 10 pounds 
acid phosphate and four pounds muriate of 
potash per tree. I am keeping up the culti¬ 
vation this Summer. Do you think that the 
fact of this large block of trees being almost 
entirely Winesap has anything to do with 
their failure in hearing, or is it simply due 
to poverty of soil and lack of cultivation and 
spraying? The trees bloom heavily and fruit 
sets fairly well, but drops off when about 
the size of buckshot, much the same as the 
navel orange does in Florida. Would you 
advise top-grafting some of the trees to other 
sorts? If so, what per cent of the trees 
would you graft, and to what varieties? Up 
to what age does the Winesap remain in 
profitable bearing? What course would you 
pursue to bring this orchard info hearing? 
Soil is rather poor and hilly, but a gang 
plow and Cutaway harrow can be used on 
it, and it takes well to cow peas and Crimson 
clover. 
Ans. —The Winesap apple does not 
seem to be able to pollinate its own blos¬ 
soms well, and those of other varieties of 
the same strain, that is, its seedlings, such 
as Stayman, Paragon, etc., do not prove 
to be of any assistance in this matter. 
York Imperial and Ben Davis are good 
pollenizers for the Winesap, and if a few 
top-grafts were set in about one-fourth the 
trees in the orchard mentioned it is prob¬ 
able that the fruit would set and hold on 
better than at present. The treatment 
that it is now receiving, so far as tillage 
and the growth of cow peas in it is con¬ 
cerned, is just what I would advise. It 
ought to bear fairly well even without the 
pollination suggested. h. e. v. d. 
The Same Old Fraud. 
O. S. L., Oronogo, Mo .—There is an agent 
from a nursery said to be at Troy, Ohio, in 
this region selling apple trees that he claims 
are budded on four-year-old seedlings, and 
far better than trees propagated hy root 
grafting or any other way. His price is 50 
cents per tree, which is too big for common 
folks. His other things are equally high in 
price. He offers to replace trees that die 
and to take part pay for his peach trees in 
a share of the fruit after a few years. What 
do you think of this nursery and the plan 
of selling trees? They carry about four 
grafted trees to show, but no circulars or 
catalogue. 
Ans. —Here is the same old fraud that 
was exposed on page 396 of this year as 
appearing in Illinois operating in Missouri. 
These scamps from Troy, Ohio, are by no 
means dead yet, nor are they locked up in 
prison, as they really deserve. They seem to 
have learned about all the tricks of the tree 
selling sharpers, and by the liberal use of 
“tongue oil” are able to make them work 
to their advantage and the injury of their 
dupes. How any sensible, well-informed 
farmer can be induced to buy trees of 
doubtful value from a party who is at 
least entirely unknown to him and at a 
price about five times above what he could 
get the best kind of trees for from reliable 
nurseries near home, is a mystery to most 
people. It is all by the means of talk. At 
first the sharper tells his victim some 
things that both of them know are true, 
then others that are doubtful, and lastly, 
the falsehoods. It is the old plan of a 
confidence game worked into the partic¬ 
ular shape that suits the case. Seedlings 
that are four years old are far too big, if 
well grown, to make good budded trees, 
and even if they were of proper age and 
size, which shouiu be in their second year, 
they arc no more likely to make good 
trees than if they were grafted. It is easy 
enough to hunt out specimens of both 
styles that are poor, and the showing of 
such things to effect sales of budded trees 
is a mere trick. There are millions of 
good orchard trees now in bearing that 
were root-grafted. These fellows usually 
select a few reall” good people in a neigh¬ 
borhood and offer some special induce¬ 
ment to get them to buy, or even give 
them stock, and then use their names to 
get others to follow, which often works 
like a charm. Judging by the misrepre¬ 
sentations of the agents of the nursery 
of Troy, Ohio, I would think it at the 
bottom of the fraud and to be let alone. 
H. E. V. D. 
Cement Questions. 
I. 8., Illinois .—How many cubic feet of 
grout wall will a Carrel of Portland cement 
make? In what proportion of cement, sand 
and gravel should it be mixed? How thick 
does a wall need he in a basement barn to 
support a building with 20-foot post, filled 
with hay? 
Ans.—A barrel of Portland cement will 
make from 30 to 40 cubic feet of wall. 
The pore space in materials is thought to 
be from 40 to 50 per cent. If one had, 
therefore, 27 cubic feet of rock one could 
use to to 12 cubic feet of fine gravel and 
four to six of coarse sand to one barrel of 
cement, equal to nearly four cubic feet. 
Now add these together and we shall have 
nearly 50 cubic feet; if 40 per cent is pore 
space and they are filled we should have 
a net solid pore-free compact body 
equivalent to 30 cubic feet. It is hard to 
fix an absolute set rule. Masons differ 
slightly on the proportions used, and the 
fineness of tne material will vary the net 
solid body because of the varying air 
space. Air also clings most tenaciously to 
these hard materials. It has been found 
necessary to boil sand for some time un¬ 
der water to free it from air. A wall will 
require less cement than a floor or walk, 
even though the weight is great upon it, 
because if the wall is once hard and 
united the weight is borne by the hard ma¬ 
terial of which it is composed, and the 
weight is steady without jar or pounding, 
while a floor or walk is subject to all 
kinds of superficial abuse. Continual 
dropping will wear the hardest stone. The 
questioner does not say to what height 
the wall will be built, but I assume it to be 
a full basement of 9 to 10 feet. I should 
say two feet thick would be ample, or 
still better, start the foundation two feet 
six inches and finish at the top 20 inches 
thick. I have seen several barn walls 
laid with the projection outside, making 
the inside of the wall line with the sill. 
If the eave projection is ample and the 
top of the wall outside the boards is 
slanted to throw off the water, the work 
will be as durable as the customary con¬ 
struction, and the working width of the 
barn be fully two feet more. H. e. cook. 
Golden Beukre op Bilbo a Pear. — I be¬ 
lieve I read in a recent number an inquiry 
for tbe Bilboa pear. The original tree was 
brought to this town (Marblehead) by Mr. 
Hooper, then a prominent merchant. It 
stood in his garden for many years, when it 
was removed to the garden of a son of the 
old merchant, but it was too old a tree to 
l>ear the change, and did not 'hrive. Half 
a century ago the pear was ve y popular, 
but of late years the many new and im¬ 
proved varieties have thrust it, aside. The 
pear is large and showy, of a golden russet 
color, quality fair, somewhat mealy. In ap¬ 
pearance and size it resembles somewhat 
the Sheldon, but was not equal to it in 
quality. I have not seen or heard of it of 
late years. j. j. h. Gregory. 
Massachusetts. 
BALES » HAY 
Our cata 
tion and 
and Viet 
pensive. 
operation. Our 37 years’ experience make the Gem 
or Presses most durable, easily operated and least cx- 
Send postal for book. «F,<). KltTKI<CO., (jnincy. 111. 
OUNG MEN WANTED, RAILWA 
Train service,experience unnecessary 
Prepare you at home by MAIL. Send 
stamp tor application blank and book- 
■<>t ) r Ballwavlutitett »ib»oaoom l»d 
A P PI P RARRPI Q —Buy now and save money. 
“• r LL UnllllLLOi Robt. Gillies. M dina.N. Y. 
Steel Roofing ' 0 &r t 
WE PAY FREIGHT EAST of COLORADO 
Strictly new. perfect steel sheets, 6and 
8 feet long. The best roofing, siding or 
ceiling you can use; painted two sides 
Flat, *2.00; corrugated or V crimped, 12.10 
per Bquare. Write lor free catalogue 
No. 11, 61 on material from Sheriffs' 
and Receivers’ sales. 
CHICAGO HOUSE WRECKING CO 
WestWith A Iron Sts., Chicago. 
Oil A perfect steel frame silo wim guar- 
anteed workmanship and material. 
10x20 silo $78.37. Special terms to Farmer's Cluos 
& Granges. The International Silo Co., Jefferson, O. 
ETIberta* Peach 
■w The perfect freestone. Very 
Urge »nd fine. Golden yellow, faint¬ 
ly striped with red. Fruit deliciously 
flavored. Early August. Tree hand¬ 
some and most prolific. Fine market 
variety .All choice kinds.Catalog free. 
Harrison's Nurseries,Bi29,Berlin.Md 
NEW CROP 
Crimson Clover Seed. 
In one bushel lots or by carload; any quantity to suit 
you. Special prices. Get sample. 
ARTHUR J. COLLINS, Moorestosvn, N. J. 
C RIMSON CLOVER SEED, new crop, home 
grown. K. S JOHNSTON, Box4, Stockley. Del. 
FOR SALE" 
—Crimson Clover Seed, $4 per bushel. 
Cow Peas, $1.75 and $2 per bushel; Seed 
Sweet Potatoes, $1 per bushel. 
J. E. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
PECAN TREES AND NUTS 8eedUngtrees,(l,2 & 3 
years old.i TheG. M. Bacon Pecan Co. Inc.) Dewitt.Ga 
Who Will Explain? — I live in the town 
of Guilford, anti we are down for 5.72 miles 
of State road to be built this year at a cost 
of about $43,000, about half a mile of which 
is to he in the village of Guilford, the re¬ 
mainder six miles away. Can you explain 
how the half mile will benefit a taxpayer? 
The $43,000 would keep our roads for 10 
years. I learn that Plymouth has a State 
road, built less than two years, and has 
come to repairs now, and the sum to be paid 
for repairs is not small. If we had a State 
road say from Oxford by way of Guilford to 
Sydney, it would not be a safe place for a 
farmer to drive; it would simply be an 
automobile road, or they would monopolize 
it. I am for the money system of working 
roads, and to keep making better, but I 
would not advise a $9,000 a mile road to 
build to repair every two years at a cost 
of from $3,000 to $6,000. I would say cut 
out the “State road.” We get help from the 
State, but that is more or less tax on us. 
Bainbridge, N. Y. c. N. s. 
shows in NATURAL COLORS and 
accurately describes 216 varieties of 
' fruit. Send for our liberal termsof distn- 
rnn P A I r —Ginseng Garden and Fruit Farm, 
rUn OMLLi Selling Ginseng Cheap. Write 
Chestnut Grove Ginseng Farm, Marion,N. Y. 
CHOICE CELERY ^ CABBAGE 
PLANTS, only »1 per 1,000. All good sorts read* 
a July. SLAYM.-iKER * SON. Dover, Del 
CELERY AND CABBAGE PLANTS 
For Sale.—Leading varieties, carefully packed with 
moss In baskets. F. O. B. here. Write for prices. 
Cash with order. Plants ready about June 15th. 
WOODLAND FARM, Canastota. Madison Co., N. i 
Potted Strawberry Plants fWandoueV. 
List free. C. ^A. HALL- Oak Hill, Y. 
PUTTED STRAWBERRY PLAN1S, ™ 
T C. KEV1TT. Atheuia, N. J. 
LARGE LUSCIOUS STRAWBERRIES IN 1905. 
From our STRONG POT GROWN PLANTS offered in our Summer Catalogue. A full crop of fruit 
ten months after plants are set out. Plant now, we have the best varieties for market a ud home 
use. We have in live-inch pots, now ready for planting and late bloom, all the best hardy Roses, 
Honeysuckle and Clematis; also Boston and English ivy. A full line of selected FRUITS and 
ORNAMENTALS for Autumn planting. Stock first class. Prices reasonable. 
I AlinonAnC PADnCMIAlP and the beautifying and enriching of the Home ground our leading 
LANUouArt uAnULmilU specialty. We will be pleased to call at d see you on this matter, or 
call at our Nurseries and see our stoe k. Our Catalogue mailed free. Write for it to-day. 
T. «T- DWYBH. < 3c CO , COHNWALIi, ZKT. Y. 
CRIMSON CLOVER 
The great soil improver. Valuable 
alio for early green food, grazing 
and hay crop. Special circular 
free, also sample and price of seed 
on request. HENRY A. DREER, 714 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
STAVES, TIMBERS and LININGS HOUSES will not 
rot if coated with S. I*- F. CAH.BOLIKTEUM. 
BRUNO GROSCHE & COMPANY, 27 WILLIAM STREET, NEW YORK. 
