1904. 
557 
METHOD OF KILLING POULTRY. 
The cut on page 554 shows a method 
used by practical poultrymen in killing 
fowls for market. The head is held 
firmly in the left hand and the bill opened 
with thumb and finger. The cut is made 
across the inside of throat just behind the 
head, severing the jugular vein. A mo¬ 
ment after an incision is made through 
the roof of the mouth, striking the brain 
and cutting the spinal cord. This loosens 
the feathers so that many of them may be 
almost brushed off if the work is done at 
once. Of course considerable experience 
is necessary to do this job properly, and 
no one should attempt it until he has 
practiced on dead fowls and studied every 
detail carefully. 
CARRYING STRAWBERRIES TO 
THIRD SEASON. 
I have an acre of Warfield strawberries fer¬ 
tilized by Brandywine and Wolverton, which 
has been picked twice. The stand is good, 
and 1 have special reasons for desiring to 
make it do its best another year, the third 
year of bearing. >\hat shall I do with it? 
Michigan. reader. 
I have just finished picking for the third 
season a field of Wm. Belt strawberries 
that has yielded 100 bushels per acre, and 
would have been very much more but 
from the fact that no rain fell during the 
entire time of picking. 1 his field was 
thoroughly cleaned after picking the sec¬ 
ond crop and made a good growth be¬ 
cause of plenty of rain afterward. No 
fertilizer was applied, but they were 
mulched with stable manure (horse ma¬ 
nure) at the beginning of Winter. I 
would recommend your reader to clean 
the bed and apply some fertilizer to pro¬ 
duce vigorous growth and mulch heavily 
for Winter protection. Ordinarily I do 
not think it pays to carry beds over to the 
third season without a special reason for 
SO doing. WALTER F. TABER. 
New York. 
If the man who owns the acre of War- 
field strawberries is able to make his bed 
yield well in the third year of bearing he 
will solve a problem many farmers have 
not been able to do. We have a bed we 
are going to treat in this way: Cultivate 
between the beds, cutting off all the run¬ 
ners, and leaving but a narrow row of 
plants. These we hope will throw out new 
runners, and thus renew the bed. 
THE HITTINGER FRUIT CO. 
Massachusetts. 
NORTHERN GARDEN NOTES. 
Early Celery.— If celery is wanted for 
early use, such varieties as White Plume 
and Golden Self-blanching are preferable. 
Celery being a gross feeder and requiring 
plenty of water, much care must be taken 
to obtain those requirements. The old 
way of trenching has some advantages, as 
it was handy to shade the plants after 
being set by covering the trenches with 
boards. It has the following disadvan¬ 
tages; We often found the ttenches had 
caved in during a shower, thus covering 
up the plants. Much of the hoeing had to 
be done on hands and knees; besides we 
were planting almost too close to the sub¬ 
soil for the best development of the plant. 
Now the new way: 
After clearing off a piece of the garden 
that has grown a crop of early peas, beans 
or spinach, manure liberally, cow manure 
preferred. Plow or dig as deep as possi¬ 
ble. Harrow thoroughly, either with har¬ 
row or cultivator. If the celery is wanted 
for early use only, rows 2 l /z feet apart 
with plants six inches apart in the rows is 
ample room. Marks can be made with an 
ordinary marker, making a mark about 
three inches deep. Plants will revive 
quicker if set towards evening. trans¬ 
planted plants will stand the shock much 
better than those pulled out of the seed 
bed, and of course will make earlier eat¬ 
ing. If transplanted plants cannot be had 
those from me seed bed will do much bet¬ 
ter if the tap root is pinched off. An ap¬ 
plication of nitrate of soda or some good 
commercial fertilizer to the soil at the 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
first hoeing will help wonderfully. Cul¬ 
tivate often, keeping the ground level. I 
shall have more to say later in the month. 
Cabbage and Cauliflower for main 
crop should be set now. With the long 
list of varieties of cabbage found in the 
catalogues one is at loss what to plant, 
especially if for our home use. The little 
Winnigstadt is a favorite with many, but 
has a tendency to mature early and burst. 
The Danish Ball for late is fast taking its 
place. The coarser varieties are all right 
for kraut. For boiling there is nothing 
quite equal to the Savoy; for slicing raw 
the Rock Red looks the best. An old gar¬ 
dener once gave me this recipe for grow¬ 
ing cabbage: “First you must be Dutch; 
second, you must have good soil with 
plenty of manure, and never allow the soil 
to bake in the cabbage patch, which means 
frequent hoeing.” Early cauliflower that 
is beginning to head should have atten¬ 
tion; to keep the curds white they should 
be covered by drawing the leaves together 
and tying loosely, or better yet, drawing 
the leaves together and slipping a rubber 
band around them. The later crop, hav¬ 
ing more leaves, can be protected by 
breaking a few leaves over the curds. 
Cabbage wants plenty of water; cauli¬ 
flower wants more. 
Kohl Rabi. —It has always seemed 
queer to me that the American people 
prefer the turnip instead of the kohl rabi. 
This is as easily grown as a cabbage seed; 
can be sown in May in rows 18 inches 
apart and thinned to stand 10 inches apart 
in the row, or the plants can be set at this 
time at the same distance apart. The bulb 
is in the proper condition to cook when 
you can easily pierce the skin with the 
thumb nail. 
Radishes. —Such varieties as Chartier 
White Strasburg can be sown now. Avoid 
sowing the same ground tliat has grown 
a crop of cabbage, turnips or radish the 
present season. john jeannin, jr. 
SUMMER PRUNING FOR GRAPES. 
Grape growers in this Keuka Lake re¬ 
gion do not practice Summer pruning in 
their commercial vineyards. The price of 
grapes will not warrant the fancy touches. 
In a few instances, where fruit is grown 
for exhibition at fairs, I have known it 
to be done. As soon as the fruit sets all 
canes that carry no clusters are taken off, 
and also the laterals or side shoots that 
branch from the new growth. When the 
grapes are half grown the canes that carry 
the fruit are cut back, leaving only three 
or four feet of growth on each cane. 
Penn Yan. N. Y. E- c. G. 
With regard to the Summer pruning o'' 
grapes, it is my observation and experi¬ 
ence that Summer pruning is undesirable 
as a rule. If the grapes make too much 
wood and cover up the fruit in such a 
way as to interfere seriously with its rip¬ 
ening, then a certain amount of Summer 
pruning is proper. My rule is, however, 
never to do Summer pruning unless nec¬ 
essary, and never do more than the neces¬ 
sity requires. In general it may be con¬ 
sidered that Summer pruning weakens the 
vine. The Summer growth of the grape¬ 
vine helps to feed the root and strengthen 
the whole plant. f. a. waugh. 
Mass. Agricultural College. 
We have a vineyard of 10 acres in good 
condition which has been in bearing near¬ 
ly 10 years, and produces crops as good 
or better than the average. The only 
Summer pruning it has had has been the 
removal of all new wood formed on the 
stock between the ground and the lower 
wire. The removal of this young growth 
is customary throughout the Chautauqua 
grape belt, and is called “suckering.” It 
is removed for the sake of easier cultiva¬ 
tion, and because we would cut them out 
in our Winter pruning. Our soil in this 
section is such that it seems necessary for 
the vines to be allowed to produce a heavy 
crop of fruit or our vines will produce too 
much wood. Commercially I do not think 
Summer pruning will be of any value un¬ 
less on a very small scale, although with 
only a few vines in a later latitude it 
might pay to cut out all new wood not 
bearing fruit. I would cut this out about 
a month before the ripening of the fruit. 
It might increase the size of berry and 
cause the wood to mature earlier so as to 
Winter in better condition. j. t. m. 
Dunkirk, N. Y. 
The cultivation of commercial grape¬ 
growing throughout this grape belt has 
undergone many changes in the last five 
years; experience, improved tools and in¬ 
sects and diseases have brought this about. 
At present the practice is to commence 
about June 6 to horse-hoe the vines and 
push the work as fast as possible to finish 
the work within eight days, because dur¬ 
ing that time the pupae of the Grape root- 
worm is coming near the surface, and by 
breaking their earth cells we are enabled 
to destroy from 75 to 80 per cent. After 
the horse-hoeing is done we follow with 
hand hoe and dress around the grape¬ 
vines and posts the few weeds that arc- 
left by the horse-hoe. At the same time 
all the sprouts below the first wire and 
suckers at the base of the vine are pulled 
off. This is all the Summer pruning that 
the grapevines in Chautauqua grape belt 
receive, and is the universal method. It 
is done because it facilitates an uninter¬ 
rupted air current below the grapevines 
throughout the whole vineyard, and prac¬ 
tice has shown that it prevents to a great 
extent mildew and anthracnose. g. s. 
Westfield, N. Y. 
The Potato Beetle. —Our data upon the 
ups and downs of the Potato beetle are not 
by any means complete. A good part of my 
life was spent in the original home of this 
pest, and while in that country I used to note 
its relative abundance from year to year. It 
aiways seemed to me that the cannibal and 
parasitic enemies of the beetle are more im¬ 
portant factor in determining its abundance 
than the A'inter conditions. It was not un¬ 
common for the pest to be held in check by 
its insect enemies alone. During the Sum¬ 
mer following the severe Winter of 1898 and 
1899, the Potato beetle was very abundant 
in the vicinity of our farm, and did much 
damage to potato foliage and exposed tubers. 
Likewise the Shot-hole borer and melon in¬ 
sects were very abundant and destructive, as 
they are this year, The destructiveness of 
these pests at that season has led me to be¬ 
lieve that a prolonged severe Winter is not 
necessarily fatal to them. It is thought by 
some that an extremely cold Winter greatly 
reduces the numbers of various scale insects 
and the Cranberry moth, but how much evi 
dence there is to support this belief I cannot 
say. P. J. PARROTT. 
Geneva Exp. Station. 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adv. 
CREOLE W9LL 
The greatest tty repellant ever known. Spray 
lightly morning and noon and the work isdone. 
Spray Creole in stables and flies, fleas, lice and dis¬ 
ease germs will disappear. Creole is healing to cuts 
and sores and will not gum or discolor the hair, hut 
leaves a soft, glossy coat. 1 gal. contains over 1,000 
applications. Price *1 per bottle, delivered In U. 8. 
or Canada. 1 gal., *3.25; 5 gals, or more, t3 per gal¬ 
lon. Sprayers, #1. Sponge may be used but sprayer 
saves material and does better work. Cash, express 
or postoffice order must accompany all orders to 
recieve attention. No agents. Goods sold direct 
from factory. 
Lawton Mfg. Co., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 
University College of Medicine. 
Medici ne — Dentistry — Pharmacy. Superior 
Clinics. Our own Hospital. Modern Laboratories. 
Complete equipment. Accredited by N. Y. Regents. 
Mild climate. For 112 page catalogue, address 
WILLIAM R. MILLER .Proctor, Richmond, Va 
o 11 A pc; feet steel frame silo with guar- 
OII«VO anteod workmanship and material. 
10x20 silo $18 37. 8p cia, terms to Farmer's Cluos 
A Granges. The International Silo Co., Jefferson, O. 
Southwick 
Two Horse Full Circle . 
BALING PRESSES 
make the solid compact bales 
that fill cars and save freight. jt f <j 
Capacity opening is 
Guaranteed .A/* almost double 
12 to 18 .jSRxjEJq, the size of others, 
tons a Lovr bridge—7 inches 
day. y high —for horses to step 
over. Strong, safe, light. 
Adapted to bank barns. 10 
Sizes and Styles, Horse and Steam 
y aMy Power, Wood or Steel Construction. 
W^sandwich mfg. CO., 
157 Main St., Sandwich, HI. 
Fearless 
I Threshers. 
tag tingle firmer orl 
»*veral neighbors. With^__ 
craLd power It's all Indoor*. 
Suitable for either hone power or engine. Threshes and 
cJesns perfectly. Run* eajy. Also Hone Powen, En¬ 
gines, Feed Cutten, Wood Saws, Silo*, etc. Send for 
catalogue. 
HARDER MFG. CO., Cobleskill, N. V. 
Seeds for Summer 
and Fall Planting 
Vetches, Millet, Crimson Clover, Cow Peso, &c. 
Write for prices; also ask for a copy of our Mid¬ 
summer Catalogue of Strawberry Plants. 
HENRY A. DREER, Philadelphia, Pa. 
A Never Failing Water Supply, 
with absolute safety, at small cost may be had by using the 
Improved Rider Hot Air Pumping Engine and 
Improved Ericsson Hot Air Pumping Engine. 
Built by us for more than 30 years and sold in every country in the world Exclu¬ 
sively intended for pumping water. May be run by any ignorant boy or woman 
So well built that their durability is yet to be determined, engines which were sold 
30 years ago being still in active service. 
Send stamp for '‘C4 Catalogue to nearest office 
RIDER-ERICSSON ENGINE CO., 
3:. Warren St., New York. 239 Franklin St., Boston 
to Dearborn St., Chicago. 692 Craig St., Montreal, P. 
10 Nrrtb -Uh St , Philadelphia. 22 Pitt St., Sydney, N. S. W. 
Teniente-Hey 71, Havana, Cuba. 
HEXSSs 
No Trace of Disease 
any one of the three years, 1901, 1902 or 1903 at or follow¬ 
ing th International Live Stock Exposition at Chicago. 
Is it remarkable ? If you saw the shows you know the 
countless thousando in value assembled. There was 
anxiety among breeders. T' ey had to be assured against 
the spread of contagious diseases. The management met 
the demand each year by disinfecting with famous 
ZENOLEUM 
Zenoleum exclusively. That’s high, reliable testimony. Do you use 
1 Zenoleum? It destroys disease germs, avoids contagion, cures scab, 
cholera and skin diseases, kills lice, ^ removes stomach and intestinal 
worms, establishes and maintains for live stock ideal sanitary conditions. 
“The Great Coal Tar Carbolic Disinfectant Dip.” 
Sample gallon of Zenoleum $1.50, express prepaid. 5 gallons $6.25, 
freight prepaid. If you breed live stock you should learn what Zenoleum 
will do for you. Ask for free Zenoleum handbooks. \ etennary Ad' 
viser" and “Piggie’s Troubles.” A postal will bring them. 
lZenner Disinfectant Co., 100 Bates St., Detroit, Mich. 
