558 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Tuly 23, 
NOTES FROM THE RURAL GROUNDS 
Breeding Wild Roses. —In working for 
hardy garden roses with blooms compar¬ 
able to the greenhouse kinds it seems nec¬ 
essary to use species of good constitution 
that have been little cultivated until very 
European origin, and Sir Thomas Upton, hybrids we nave grown are always muddy 
a product of the Rural Grounds’ experi- purples, though many white and light 
ments. Naturally we consider the latter roses were used for pollenizers. Rosa 
the best of all. It is very double, pure nitida, however, when fertilized with a 
white, exceedingly fragrant, a good grower Rugosa, produces a handsome and profuse 
and profuse in bloom. Among the colored blooming hybrid bearing large fruits that 
varieties Agnes Emily Carman takes a endure in full beauty until late September, 
high place. As all R. N.-Y. readers know The Purple-leaved rose. R. ferruginea, has 
it was raised by the late E. S. Carman at given us some interesting hybrids. When 
River Edge, N. J. It has superb foliage, Magna Charta was used the result in one 
the blooms are large, quite double and instance was a thornless plant bearing the 
brilliant crimson in color. It is difficult most perfectly formed shell pink miniature 
to propagate, but has no other defects, double roses imaginable. The plant is 
recent times. By hybridizing these with Z " 7" r i n w • , 7 IUdS , e ' ine P lant 13 
the best of the decorative and ever-bloom- “ , Fr f ede . nck WOT,h ' S °“ r ^ -"d vtgorous, but difficult of propa- 
._. „ . estimation the best of rosy crimson Rugosa gation. The foliage and young growth are 
ing varieties we may hope to get an occa¬ 
sional seedling of real merit, combining to 
some extent the vigor and hardiness of 
the wild species with the brilliant and 
highly-finished blooms of the cultivated 
variety. If the hardy parent also has an 
attractive flower—Crimson Rambler, fol¬ 
ly is Conrad Ferdinand Meyer, silvery 
. J , rose in color. The blooms are finely 
ms ance we die i ^c > to get more showy f ormec j and borne with great freedom. 
The last two are of German origin. New 
liage and young growth are 
hybrids. The flowers are very large and bright purple in Spring, but change to 
finely finished, while the habit and foliage green as Summer heat approaches. Sev- 
are at all times imposing. Our plant is era! other species are being used in our 
now 11 years old. and increases in beauty breeding experiments. The field for such 
each season. A very attractive new varie- wor k is illimitable, but the returns are at 
times far from encouraging. 
W. V. F. 
immediate results, but as each species will 
to a certain extent impress its individual¬ 
ity in foliage, habit or stature, if not in 
bloom, upon its offspring, it is well to 
work over as wide range as possible. As 
few species are reliably hardy in exposed 
situations at the northern limits of culti¬ 
vation, it is scarcely possible to create 
new kinds having all the required virtues, 
but some superior forms may be expected 
if enough cross-bred seedlings are grown. 
We have raised thousands of rose hybrids, 
mostly with wild species, on the Rural 
Grounds, and have been favored with a 
few splendid “breaks” among the great 
mass of mongrels, only fit for the dump 
heap. Indeed we regard a strong mattock 
to grub out 99 per cent of the seedlings 
as soon as they bloom an indispensable 
tool for the rose-breeder. He will be sin¬ 
gularly fortunate if the remainder does 
not need just as thorough culling by the 
time they develop their full characters. 
This paucity of result need not discourage 
rose cranks from their search for the ideal. 
There are already innumerable varieties 
of merit in many special features, and new 
kinds cannot gain attention unless they 
are distinctly better than their predeces¬ 
sors. The limit of beauty and usefulness 
is not likely to be reached. There is al¬ 
ways room for something really new and 
superior. 
The Best Species to Use.— The Rural 
Century is a very distinct Rugosa hybrid, 
producing large clusters of white and pink 
blooms, large and very double. They are 
highly perfumed with the true wild rose 
fragrance. New Century resulted from 
crossing the ever-blooming Polyantha 
rose, Clothilde Soupert, with the White 
Rugosa, and like Sir Thomas Lipton, was 
produced on the Rural Grounds. Both 
have a long blooming season, the new 
growths being crowned with flower clus¬ 
ters throughout the Summer. We have 
now under way a strain of Rugosas of ex¬ 
traordinary brilliancy of coloring pro¬ 
duced by using pollen of Victor Hugo, 
Paul's Single Scarlet, Liberty and Gruss 
an Teplitz on a Rugosa seedling selected 
for the substance of its petals and purity 
of its rosy-crimson coloring. Double and 
single blooms of most intense crimson- 
scarlet are found among the progeny, 
with other desirable characters not usual 
with direct hybrids of this species. The 
Rugosa roses are the only ones really de¬ 
sirable for hedges or woodland planting. 
Their hardiness, vigor, neat habit and 
beauty of foliage, flowers and fruit fit 
them perfectly for these uses, but it is a 
mistake to plant the choice varieties above 
mentioned in out-of-the-way places. They 
will survive, it is true, where other roses 
die out, but to enjoy their full beauty they 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you will get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 8. 
Farm Wagon only #21.95. 
In order to Introduce their Low Metal Wheels 
with Wide Tires, the Empire Manufacturing Com¬ 
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Fanner’s Handy Wagon, that is only 25 inches high, 
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This wagon is made of the best material through¬ 
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Catalogue E, giving a full description will bo mailed 
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should be planted in deep rich soil and 
Grounds workers have tried many species affordcd the best attention. The great 
possibilities of the Rugosas will be a 
during their prolonged experiments. 
Everything procurable that has stamina 
enough to promise vigorous crosses has 
been tested, some for many successive 
years. The best immediate results come 
from the trailing Japan rose, Rosa Wichu- 
revelation to those giving them a fair 
chance. 
Other Wild Roses. —Some beautiful 
hybrids have been raised from the Eglan- 
raiana. This distinct species does not tine or sweetbrier rose, R. rubiginosa, and 
possess a flower more imposing than a are now i ]1 commerce as Lord Penzance’s 
white field daisy in its natural state, but triers. We have expended much effort on 
is so readily influenced by foreign pollen class, but so far nothing has turned 
that its hybrids may be made to imitate U P that greatly exceeds the best of the 
in flower those of most other strains. named kinds. Some of the late seedlings 
Fig. 243, page 555, shows blooms from show niore warmth of coIor than the Pen - 
Wichuraiana crossed with Tea and China 
roses, much reduced in size. The colors 
vary from white and light yellow to the 
deepest crimson, through every imaginable 
shade of blush pink, rose and carmine, 
zance briers, but no distinct break has oc¬ 
curred. Penzance briers are very decora¬ 
tive for permanent shrubberies, being 
beautiful in flower and fruit, while retain¬ 
ing much of the delightful sweetbrier fra- 
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and the habit from tall bushes to rampant S rance in die young foliage. 
climbers and tiaileis, glowing nearly 30 Rosa Setigera, the Michigan or Prairie 
feel in one season. Many Wiclniraiana r0SGj do es not seem inclined to continue 
hybrids have already been introduced, and the des irable qualities of variation that 
no more should be disseminated unless produced Prairie Quceni Baltimore Belle 
they are of supreme merit. and Gem of the Prairie a generation ago. 
Rosa rugosa, particularly the variety We have grown many hundreds of hy- 
Regeliana, from Siberia, has yielded many brids of this very hardy species with vari- 
fine hybrids. The beautiful lustrous fol- ous choice garden sorts. We get some 
iage has been retained, and in some in- large and striking double flowers, but the 
stances increased in effectiveness, the flow- foliage is scanty and the growth far from 
ers have been doubled to the last extreme, vigorous. With R. Wiclniraiana the Mich¬ 
aud the objectionable purplish crimson of igan rose gives a rampant growing 
the type replaced by.pure tints ranging climber bearing clouds of light pink sin- 
from lightest silvery rose to rich crimsons, gle blooms. Other western wild roses, 
with all the fire and brilliancy of the such as R. Fendleri, R. Sayi and R. Ar- 
choicest Hybrid Perpetuals. By using the kansana have been crossed on the Rural 
White-flowered Rugosa we get finely Grounds with various garden roses, but 
formed double flowers of pure white, so far have not yielded anything of special 
cream and blush shades. Several excellent interest. Our eastern species, R. luclda 
hybrid Rugosas arc now in commerce, and and R. Carolina, lose all distinctive char- 
new ones are Drought forward each sea- acter when crossed with other species or 
son. 'ine best whites are Mine. Georges garden varieties, and gain nothing to com- 
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