622 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
August 20, 
Ruralisins 
NOTES FROM THE RURAL GROUNDS 
The Egyptian Perennial Onion. —We 
have tried many so-called hardy onions, 
but the only variety we can depend on to 
to live through the sharp frosts and 
frequent thaws of our coast Winters is 
the top or tree onion, known as Egyptian 
Perennial. It is regarded by botanists as 
one of many diverse forms of common 
onion, Allium cepa, but is horticulturally 
very distinct. It probably has nothing to 
do with Egypt, but this name, under which 
it is offered by the trade, is as good as 
another. Several cultivated onions pro¬ 
duce small bulbs or “sets” on the top of 
the stalk in place of flowers, but this par¬ 
ticular variety seems hardier and more vig¬ 
orous than the others. It is extensively 
grown in the vicinity of Baltimore to pro¬ 
duce early green bunch onions or scallions 
for northern markets, and is a recognized 
money crop for many farmers or truckers 
thereabouts, who plant it in September to 
succeed early table corn or tomatoes. Fig. 
275, page 619, shows in reduced size a 
characteristic head of “sets” as grown in 
good soil. When starved or checked by 
dry weather the sets are likely to be 
smaller, at times no larger than a wheat 
grain, but more numerous. When planted 
even the little ones grow vigorously. 
Reliably Hardy Here. —In this latitude 
tne Egyptian onion appears reliably hardy. 
'I'lie sets may be planted in the usual man¬ 
ner in rich, light soil in August or Sep¬ 
tember, after they have ripened on the 
parent plant, and quickly start into growth, 
making a strong, deep root system. At 
the approach of hard frosts the tops die 
down and the young onions lie dormant 
until the ground thaws in Spring, when 
such rapid development begins that clus¬ 
ters of lender, well-flavored scallions, as 
thick as one’s finger, are ready for the 
table almost before wintered-over sets of 
the ordinary kinds or onion seeds can be 
planted. The Egyptian is a true peren¬ 
nial, and lives for many years, if undis¬ 
turbed, stooling out into large clusters and 
producing heads of bulblets in place of tree can he cut out, first securing grafts 
bloom each season. It does not bottom from the promising ones and the perma- 
out or form a useful, shapely bulb, and is nent ones top-worked with any desirable 
Wealthy, Russet, llaas, Duchess of Oldenburg 
and I’erry. 
Early Fall, late Fall, Winter and late 
Winter varieties are here represented. 
“Go thou and do likewise." 
There were wonderful and bewildering 
variations of size, form, coloring and 
quality among the fruits exhibited, and 
there is little doubt some at least may 
prove of permanent local or general value. 
Apple and pear seedlings should be more 
frequently grown. There is always a 
chance of getting something extra good, 
and the trees bearing ordinary and infe¬ 
rior fruits can often be well utilized for 
top-grafting. If only one of Mrs. Per¬ 
kins’s 149 varieties is of general value she 
has gained much personal credit and has 
conferred a benefit on society at large, 
while a portion of the remainder may 
he as useful locally as propagated varieties. 
How to Handle the Seeds. —Seven to 
10 years seems a long wait for results 
when seeds are being saved, but time 
passes anyway and much pleasure may 
be anticipated in watching the develop¬ 
ment of the trees from the tiny seed-leaf 
to full fruition, and noting their peculiar¬ 
ities from season to season. Apple, peai 
and quince seeds for propagation should 
he saved from typical fruits borne on en¬ 
tirely healthy trees. They withstand mod¬ 
erate drying and may be stored in paper 
boxes or envelopes, after separation from 
the fruits, until the approach of Winter; 
then either planted three or four inches 
apart in rows 20 inches apart in well en¬ 
riched soil in the garden, or mixed with 
damp sand and carried over in boxes or 
pots in some place where frost may have 
full action and the sand not dry out. In 
Spring, planting may be made in the open 
or under glass. Some growth is gained 
by starting inside, but the seedlings do not 
transplant well until they have become 
woody at the base, and are checked in 
growth by becoming pot-bound. When 
finally transferred to the garden or nur¬ 
sery row they should be well fertilized 
and thoroughly cultivated until late Au¬ 
gust to gain all possible growth. After 
two years in the seed bed or nursery row 
they may be set where they are to fruit, 
spacing the apples about 20 feet apart, 
pears 10 and quinces eight feet or less. 
As they come into bearing every alternate 
t'Xrft send 
If you will 
r„ 
us a 2c 
stamp to pay 
postage we 
will mail you 
free a trial 
tablet of 
Williams’ 
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Not only the best, but the only Real 
Shaving Soap. Its thick creamy lather 
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Address, 
THE J. B. WILLIAMS 
Glastonbury, Conn. 
CO., 
only good in the fresh, growing state, but 
is so early, reliable and good in quality 
in its season that the wonder is that it is 
not grown more commonly in the home 
gardens as well as for market. We do 
not know the limit of its possible culti¬ 
vation in the North, but our experience 
i> that it is not in the least harmed by 
temperatures approaching 20 degrees be¬ 
low zero when planted in the usual way 
without protection. Where heaving of the 
soil is anticipated a Winter mulch or cov¬ 
ering would, of course, prove beneficial, 
as exposure of the roots, though not al¬ 
ways fatal, greatly delays growth in the 
Spring. New plantings may be made from 
divisions of the bulb clusters in Autumn, 
but best results are had when good-sized 
top sets are planted sufficiently early to 
allow a vigorous growth before freezing 
weather. Once established in the garden 
it is only necessary to allow about one- 
tenth of each season’s planting to produce 
sets for the succeeding crop. 
Possibilities of Seedling Apples. —Two 
large tables of brilliantly colored apples 
formed a conspicuous part of the exhibit 
of the Minnesota Horticultural Society at 
the meeting of the American Pomological 
Association at Boston last August. Pla¬ 
cards like the following showed these 109 
distinct varieties had been grown from 
the seeds of an old-fashioned kitchen apple 
by an exterprising Minnesota woman: 
Mrs. T. E. Perkins, Red Wing, Minn. 
Planted the seeds, 1893. 
First fruit, 1901. 
First exhibited, 1902. 
Present exhibition (1903), 109 varieties. 
Not fruited, 40 varieties. 
Mother variety, Melinda; pollen parents. 
variety if they are 
themselves, kittle 
enough 
not good 
pruning should 
in 
be 
done until they have borne the first fruits, 
as cutting off branches greatly delays 
bearing. Let them grow up scrubby in 
the natural manner, only taking out inter¬ 
fering limbs and opening up the tops 
enough to let in the sun. As about 90 per 
cent are likely to prove of little value 
time may be saved by grafting over a por¬ 
tion of the tops of the apples and pears 
standing in the permanent checks with 
good staple varieties, leaving a few limbs 
to produce the seedling fruits, so that no 
chance may be lost of getting a good new 
one. Quinces need not be interfered with, 
as most seedlings yield tolerable fruits. 
Seedlings of the above pome fruits are 
quite subject to attacks of twig blight, 
pears of the Communis type being espe¬ 
cially liable. It is little use bothering with 
feeble and sickly seedlings. Enough vig¬ 
orous ones may usually be grown to fill 
all available space. No one should under¬ 
take to grow fruit seedlings with the idea 
of striking a commercial bon'anza. The 
difficulties in the way of introducing a 
meritorious new variety of orchard fruit 
are enormous and financial success rare, 
but every experiment of this kind contains 
its own reward in developing the grower’s 
self-control and stability of character. 
_ w. v. F. 
“I have been told,” remarked the visitor 
in Salt Lake City, “that your lake is dry¬ 
ing up. What seems to be the cause?” 
“I guess, mister,” said the native, “if you 
had as much salt in you as that there lake’s 
got, you’d be gitlin’ purty dry, too.”—Chi¬ 
cago Tribune. 
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OATS and RYE 
to produce large, full grains require 
a complete fertilizer ricl> in 
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aueaiES/ acxoryS 2 
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and other INSECTS killed by 
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Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3 
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Landowners should read article by Alva Agee on Land 
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FUMA 
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Its 
