266 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 26 
MAPES, THE HEN MAN. 
Color of Egg Yolks. 
Jn March 5 issue of The R. N.-Y. again 
reference is made to the matter of the 
color of the yolk of the egg. My opinion 
has always been that hens confined in 
quarters where there is an absence of 
green stuff will lay eggs having light- 
colored yolks. I think this will occur 
without regard to how yellow the corn 
may be that is fed. I know this was true 
of my mother’s flock for years that were 
allowed to run in a yard in which no green 
was permitted to grow by the hens. 
They never laid eggs having rich-colored 
yolks. I believe, if the matter be investi¬ 
gated. that eggs will be lighter-colored in 
Winter for the reason mentioned. I know 
some of my customers have complained 
of light yolks this Winter, and I have at¬ 
tributed it to the inability of the hens to 
pick up .vegetable matter which they are 
better able to do in more open Winters. 
Yellow corn may play an important part 
in making up the color of the yolk, but 
eliminate the greens and I think the 
chances are even of having pale yolks. 
Pennsylvania. e. h. b. 
This matter of the color of the yolk 
seems to be of a good deal of interest. 
Assuming that there is some analogy 
between the influence of the food 
supply on the color of the cream 
in milk and the yolk of the egg, 
which is altogether reasonable, and 
it becomes evident at once that both 
yellow corn and fresh grass will give a 
better color than most other articles of 
food. Aside from this we would natur¬ 
ally expect some individual hens or 
cows to furnish a higher colored product 
than others regardless of the food. We 
expect higher colored cream from the 
Guernsey than from the Holstein. There 
is no blotting out the fact that the ab¬ 
sence of corn in my hens’ ration faded 
out most of the color from the egg yolks 
and the addition of yellow corn brought 
it back again without any access to 
grass or other green food whatever. 
Tankage for Hens. 
I can purchase for one-half cent per 
pound from a rendering plant refuse meat 
and bone gathered from markets. This 
refuge is steamed, then pressed, but not 
ground. The small bones are soft. They 
also get dead horses and cows. After this 
meat is steamed and pressed it is spread 
on a barn floor to dry, and when dry sold 
at three-fourths cent per pound. E'ast end 
of barn is open. Will it pay to get either 
of these to feed liens? They eat it quite 
well, but it smells unpleasant. a. l. 
New York. , 
This is what usually goes by the name 
of tankage, being run through a mill 
that grinds it after it becomes well 
dried. It is usually dried on platforms 
in the sun in warm weather. The more 
modern way is to dry it in a steam drier. 
I consider it good and cheap feed for 
hens where reasonable care is exercised 
to steam before becoming putrid. As it 
comes from the press it will ferment 
very quickly if left in a compact heap 
for any length of time. It would then 
probably be dangerous. We are using 
this tankage (steam dried) for both hens 
and pigs with satisfaction. At the price 
quoted there is no cheaper source of 
animal matter that I know of. This 
tankage when made from animals that 
have died in Winter should not smell 
very bad. That which we are using 
is remarkably free from bad odors. 
A Balanced Ration. 
Will "Mapes, the Hen Man,” tell me 
what besides the following is needed for 
a balanced ration for laying hens, viz.: 
Wheat, fresh meat, skim-milk and lawn 
clippings? Also how much of each should 
be given to 100 hens? What is the best 
feed for newly-hatched chickens? 
Idaho. e. e. o. 
I would like to ask Mapes, the hen man, 
what he calls a ration for each hen per 
day. a. c. 
Canada. 
I would advise the addition of some 
corn to the above variety, though I 
know that some get very good results 
without it. If no corn is available a 
reasonable hen should be satisfied with 
the bill of fare given. How much for 100 
hens? We have been told so often that 
no rule can be given as to amount, that 
perhaps it is foolhardy to doubt it, still 
I do not feel satisfied to leave it in that 
shape. Why any more difficulty about 
fixing a standard ration for a four-pound 
hen than for a 1,000-pound cow? Any 
standard of feeding must be used with 
a large allowance of common sense. 
Extended study and observation have 
convinced me that the average flock of 
American or Asiatic breeds eats more 
than the Mediterranean breeds, even 
though the egg yield is the same. There 
is no doubt but what a certain amount 
of nourishment is required for a main¬ 
tenance ration. Until this is furnished, 
there can be no gain in weight and no 
egg production, except at the expense of 
the tissues, etc., of the body. Such egg- 
production must of necessity be very 
short-lived. An experiment with five 
Leghorn hens some years ago, fed differ¬ 
ent quantities of the same mixture of 
grain and meat, indicated that 2V 2 
ounces a day was about a maintenance 
ration for a Leghorn. The hen fed two 
ounces lost steadily in body weight and 
laid no eggs. The one fed 2 y 2 ounces 
held her own and laid no eggs. The one 
fed three ounces laid regularly, while 
the ones receiving Sy 2 and four ounces 
each gained in body weight for a time, 
and then laid intermittently. They 
would eat their full allowance for a 
time and then the appetite would go 
back on them. The hen fed three ounces 
regularly was always ready for her 
meals, as were also the two-ounce and 
the 2%-ounce hen. Three-ounce pro¬ 
duced eggs regularly as long as the ex¬ 
periment lasted. 
The flock of 500 White Leghorns 
which Mr. Turner fed so successfully 
last Winter (see Bulletin 212, Cornel! 
Experiment Station), ate in the 119 days 
of the test 11,755 pounds of grain and 
meat, being a trifle more than three 
ounces per hen daily. These facts in¬ 
dicate that for a Leghorn of usual size, 
about three ounces per day is a stand¬ 
ard ration. Other good laying flocks 
which I have had good opportunity to 
observe or study, of larger breeds, have 
eaten from a third to a half more. I 
judge that a standard ration for a Plym¬ 
outh Rock or Cochin would be between 
four and five ounces of grain and meat. 
I consider grit in some form of first im¬ 
portance to a newly-hatched chick. A 
drink of water is likely to be wanted 
before food is given. Just what is 
“best” for a starter in the way of food 
it is impossible for me to say. Bread 
crumbs from Graham flour I consider 
excellent. Pin-head oatmeal and oat 
flakes are also good. 
Egg Shells for Hens. 
I would like to know what Mr. Mapes 
thinks of feeding egg shells to hens. 
Canada. a. a. 
A laying hen needs calcareous matter 
in some form in abundance. It is doubt¬ 
ful whether she can use that found in 
inorganic matter, and for that reason 
limestone grit is of little use for shell¬ 
forming material. Oyster and clam 
shells, bones and egg shells are already 
in organic form, and are quickly avail¬ 
able. Of all these sources of calcareous 
matter I consider egg shells the most 
desirable. It is wise to crush them well 
before feeding, to avoid the possibility 
of inducing the egg-eating habit. 
o. W. MATES. 
Percheron and French 
Coach Stallions 
High-Class Carriage 
and Coach Horses 
Berkshire Hogs 
E. S. AKIN, 
Ensenore, New York 
JACKS FOR SALE. 
The finest lot of Jacks and Jennets I ever owned. 
Some especial bargains. 25 reasons why farmers 
should raise mules. Address 
BAKER’S JACK FARM, Lawrence, Ind. 
Barren Cows 
Write * or Moore Bros.,V.S. 
vUlCU Pamphlet Albany, N. Y. 
For Sale. —Scotch Collies, magnificently 
fcrea. a* J. BENEDICT, Bristol, Wis., R. F. D. No, 2, 
A T O TI I r* Scotch Collie, “Emerald 
I I Lawn Hero,” (a. k. c. 
77253). Large Golden Sable and White Collie, cham¬ 
pion breed, is one of the best broken Collies in 
America. Fee $10, less express one way. F.C. SMITH 
& SON, Groton, N. Y. 
nCATftl Til I IPC on HENS and CHICKS, 
Ilk A I II I U LI Ok 64-page book FREE. 
■ D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, B. I. 
F0ULTRY JOURNAL 
FREE 
Learn how to make money 
with poultry. They live on 
what you throw away and 
g row whil# you sleep. U. S. 
tatistics show $300,000,000 
from this industry. Our pap«* 
explains how it is done. Ask 
for copy and special offeb. 
- Inland Poultry Journal Co.i 
29 Cord Bldg., Indianapolis, Ind, 
ruuL i n i 4 fhing 8 ,s*i 
(POULTRY LINE - Fencing, Feed,Incu-5 
ibators. Live Stock, Brooders—anything—J 
iit’s our business. Call or let us send you} 
lour Illustrated Catalogue—it’s free for the j 
iasking—it's worth having. ( 
• Excelsior Wire & Poultry Supply Co.,< 
• Dept. H.G. 26 & 28 Vesey Street. New York City. < 
OOOOOOOOOOQOOCX>OOOOOOOOOC< 
C finrrfnn Box W, Charleston 4 Corners, N.Y., will 
■ UulUUII, spare a few Light Brahma Eggs, $1 for 15 
Ofl CnPO CAD ♦o Kfl Buff Orpingtons, Rose Comb 
oil tUbO lUn vLJU Buff Leghorns, other lead¬ 
ing varieties. Scotch Collie pups for $3.50 each. 
D. J. KENEPP, McVeytowu, Pa. 
WHito Plains, 3NT. Y. 
HIGHEST GLASS JERSEYS 
BRIARCLIFF BEAU. 
THE BEST SON OF JERSEY BEAU. 
BRIARCLIFF BEAU’S get show promise of being 
great Dairy and Show animals. Uniformity, color, 
etc , are of the finest. 
Specialty —Young Bulls from this great 6ire. 
Also Imp. CHESTER WHITES and 8tandard-Bred 
BLACK MINORCA8 and WHITE WYANDOTTES. 
tW ~Correspondence solicited. 
L. E. ORTIZ, Supt., White Plains, N. Y. 
UT 
JERSEY RED 
9 
arrived in good shape, and I and my man are very 
much pleased with her." writes a customer of mine 
from Boston, Mass. 1-29-1904, “check $25 enclosed.” 
Catalogue free. 
Arthur J. Collins, Moorestown, N.J. 
8eg. P. Chinas, Bcrkshires and C. Whites. 
8 wks to 6 mos.. mated not akin. 
Service Boars, Bred Sows. Write for 
prices and description. Return if not 
_ satisfactory; we refund the money. 
HAMILTON & CO., Ercildoun, Chester Co.. Pa. 
Berkshire Pigs 
breeding. 
W. W. 
Fall and Spring far¬ 
rowing ; low prices. 
Send for list giving 
"UhENEY, Manlius, N.Y. 
.Berkshire Sows Bred for April Farrow. 
Sixteen head of sowb, bred to farrow In April, 1904, 
worthy of the consideration of any Berkshire fancier. 
Six of the number are a year old, and have produced 
fine Utters In September. Also, 40 September farrowed 
Pigs. Tabulated pedigrees, certificates of registry, 
and transfer of ownership go with each individual 
•Old. J. B. WATSON. Marbledale, Ct. 
OHIO FARM BERKSHIRES 
Sows bred. Boars fit for service. Fall Pigs—all of good 
quality and breeding. M. L. &H.H.BENHAM. Lelloy,0 
LARGE, IMPROVED YORKSHIRES 
The best hog; white, easy fattening. proUflc. Both 
sexes for sale. E. E. 8TEVENS, R- D 2, No. Madison, 
Lake County, Ohio. 
IMPROVED LARGE YORKSHIRES 
uiuMv.w -—-Eng. bacon 
hog. Pigs of all ages from Imported stock for sale. 
ME A now BROOK 8TOCK FARM. Rochestei. Mich 
CHOLERA 
PROOF 
Keep your HOGS Cholera- 
Proof for life by Ridgway’s 
New 1903 Process. 
One Cent a Head. Written guaran¬ 
tee. $10,000 security given. Agents 
wanted. ROBERT RIDGWAY, 
Box T, Ajnboy, Ind. 
BEAT 
HENS 
SQUABS PAY 
Easier, need attention only part of 
time, bring big prices. Raised i n one 
month. Money-makers for poultry- 
men,f armors,women. Send for FREE 
BOOKLET and learn this rich home 
Industry. PLYMOUTH ROCK SQUAB 
CO.. 4A Friend Street, Boston. Mass. 
90 
Var’s Poultry, Pigeons, Parrots, Dogs, Cats, 
Ferrets, etc. Eggs a specialty. 60 p. oook, lUc 
Rates free. J. A. BERGEY, Box 8,Telford,Pa 
V ALLEY VIEW POULTRY FARM —Belle¬ 
ville, Pa. .Bronze and Wild Turkeys, Leading 
varieties of Poultry. Prices low. Catalogue free. 
AfinVCDCI C - Cholce w - w yan., Rocks, 
uUulVblf KLLd Brahmas, Cochins, Leghorns, 
from prize-winning stock. 23 varieties of land ana 
waterfowls. Satisfaction guaranteed. Big catalogue 
free. PINE TREE FARM, Box T, Jamesburg, N. J. 
CAD Oil C Buff Wyandotte Eggs, 75c for 15. 
rUll dALk Also Kalamazoo Silo, 160 tons 
capacity. Round. 
CHAS. 1. MILLER. Box 735. Hudson, N. Y. 
White Wyandottes 
breeding stock. E.FKANKIjIN KEAN, Stanley,N.Y. 
WHITE WYANDOTTES E B' or 
_ _ . __,.1.00 per 100. 
C. A. HALL, Oak HiU, N. Y. 
26 Plymouth Rock Eggs, $1,00 ’“Sgrsr 
EMPIRE POULTRY FARM, Seward, N. Y. 
EGGS, Barred Rocks 100 for $3.50; white 
Rocks, (Fishel) and White Wyandottes, 15 for $1.00. 
GRAND VIEW FARM, Stanfordville, New York 
—Rhode Island Reds, Light Brahmas- 
— Barred Rocks. Hardy, prolific. 
Dure stock, bred on separate farms for eggs to hatch 
at 6 cents each. Write to WALTER SHERMAN, 
25 Boulevard, Middletown, R. I. 
r f»po—Thoroujchbred Rocks,Wyandottes, Leghorns, R. I. Reds, 
LUUU Orpingtons, Minorcan, Laugsiians, Brahmas. Cochins, 
Hamburg's. IS, $1 ;40, 42. Cat. Free. H. K. MOHR, quak«nuWn,P». 
JERSEYS! 
I 
Combination and Gold¬ 
en Lad. For Sale 18 
cows, 9 heifers, and 33 bulls. 
S. E. NIVIN, Landenburg, Pa. 
GNAGEY FARM 
Jerseys and Berkshires are fine. They are sold on ap¬ 
proval. Write for pedigrees at once. 
SAMUEL HERSHBERGER, Mgr.,GrantsvlUe, Md. 
z the Cows 
in the U. S. 
do not pay ex¬ 
penses of labor 
and feed, states 
a well-known 
authority. 
The remedy 
lies in using 
thoroughbred sires. Booklet Bl tells 
something about this. Write for it 
and for new Sale List B22 of JERSEY 
bulls. Do it now. 
WINTERGREEN HILL FARM, 
SCOTTSVILLE, NEW YORK. 
Registered Jersey Bull Calves 
from Imported Golden Lad at fair prices. 
R. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty Street, Pittsburg. Pa- 
18 Ayrshires, Cows & Heifers. 
Having rented my farm, I will sell my entire herd 
Of Ayrshires. Not a cull in the lot. It is a bargain if 
taken soon. I am breeding producing cows with good 
teats. I have also three fine Bull Calves that I will 
sell cheap if taken soon. Address 
DR. C. E. HATCH, V. 8.. Gainesville, Wyo. Co.. N. Y. 
HOLLYROOD FARM—Home of the Great 
Hollyrood Mercedes Herd 
A YRSHIRES— I will sell Bull Calves 
from my best cows, sired by Major Fox,No. 67777, 
whose dam gave 12,299 lbs. milk. 543 lbs. butter, 
per annum. Price$20 Registered and f.o. b. car. 
Address H. W. SKINNER, Prop^ 
Meadow View Farm, Utica, N.Y. 
MAPLE ROW STOCK FARM, c f"\ c 0 T' 
AYRSHIRES.—Choice stock of the best Breeding for 
sale. Prices reasonable. Correspondence solicited. 
F. H. COOKINGHAM, Cherry Creek, N. Y. 
Bred HOLSTEIN CALVES 
for sale. Price $15. BONNIE 
BROOK FARM, Buffalo, N. Y. 
HOLSTEIN - FRIESIANS. 
Choice young stock of the best breeding for gala. 
Prices reasonable. Every animal registered. 
WOODCRE8T FARM. Rlfton, Ulster Co., N. T. 
HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN BULLS 
FOR SALE CHEAP. 
Several very large, handsome, perfectly marked, 
registered Holstein-Friesian bulls for sale at far¬ 
mer’s prices. From a year to 18 months old. Selected 
from best dams In herd of over forty head. Allsired 
by Dora DeKoi s Count. No. 23,757, or Corona Spofford 
Pietertje, No. 30.160. Extended pedigree furnished. 
Inquire P. B MCLENNAN, Syracuse, N. Y., or 
Mclennan bros. stock farm, 
Dell McCi.ueu, Manager. 
II. F. D., Ischua, Cattaraugus Co.. N. Y. 
™ HOLSTEIN CATTLE 
Good onaa, and all ages. Fine Yearling BoIl% 
ready for gervloe. 
RAMBOUILLET 8HEEP. 
BERKSHIRE SWINE. 
Write DELUHUBST FARMS, Mentor, Ohio. 
DJtDDCn DHPVQ exclusively. Best quality 
DAnllCII llUulVO stock. Eggs from prize 
winners at reasonable price. Circular free. 
J. W. COX, New Wilmington, Pa. 
Barred Plymouth Bocks safe arrival of Eggs; 
Woodcrest Farm, 
RIFTON, Ulster Co., N.Y. 
Breeders of choice prize-winning Barred P. Rocks, 
White Wyandottes and Lt. Brahmas. We have won 
seventy-seven regular and special prizes at three 
large shows this season. Our matings for 1904 contain 
all the above prize winning birds. Eggs for hatching 
$4.00 per setting; two settings, $7 00; three settings. 
$10.00. Incubato r eggs, $6.00 per 100. 
White Plymouth Rocks, 
Fishel Strain, very fine. Eggs for hatching 81.00 
oer 15; $5 00 per hundred. „ 
P ISAAC C. CLARK, Penn Yan, N. Y. 
THE FORESTSIDE WHITE LEGHORNS 
K-irtS acffA* p “ 
EMPIRE STATE WHITE LEGHORN FARM, 
Cockerels, $2; Pullets, $1.50; Eggs, $1 for 15; $5pM 
W0. Heavy Winter layers. Catalogue free. • 
ZIMMER BROS- B. P. 41, Weodsport, N. x. 
1200 S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS 
Eggs for hatching from ouregg-type strain. We have 
sele cted 600 of our best stock for breeding. Send for 
circular. WHITE & RICE, Box A, Yorktown.N. Y. 
S.C.White Leghorns 
NBlanchard and Van Dreser strains. Eggs for 
hatching, $3.50 per 100. Hilandalk FARM, Brooklyn, 
Ohio. R. F. D. 2. 
|p|| A bred 18yearsrorEGGS. Barred Rocks 
up to 273 eggs a year. Catalog free- 
• M ™ ® ■ w rphe New System of Hatching and rais 
ing chick ms PAYS the best of all. Try it- 
F. GRUNDY. MorrisonvUle, Ill, 
“WELL! ABOVE ALL THINGS!” 
RUBEROID ROOFING 
EASILY APPLIED, LASTS INDEFINITELY MANUFACTURED SOLELY BY 
STANDARD FOR THIRTEEN YEARS THE STANDARD PAINT GO,, 100 William S1..N.Y. 
