1904 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
267 
MANCHESTER’S DAIRY NOTES. 
Do you give the cows their feed wet or 
dry? 
We always give it dry, and think it 
the better way. We can see no advan¬ 
tage in wetting the grain, as it means 
much more work to feed each cow, and 
the mangers are apt to be wet, and 
sooner or later to have a bad smell. 
When the grain is wet and mushy the 
cows will eat it too fast, and it will not 
remain in the mouth long enough to be 
mixed with the saliva, which is the first 
part of good digestion. The fine grain 
once swallowed, unlike the coarse fod¬ 
ders, is not returned to the mouth to be 
chewed again as cud, but passes on at 
once to the second stomach, so that the 
work of digestion is not so well per¬ 
formed as when the grain is eaten more 
slowly and well mixed with the saliva 
of the mouth. The indigestion troubles 
of too many of the human family are 
caused by not chewing the food thor¬ 
oughly, but eating in too much of a 
hurry and swallowing before the food is 
thoroughly masticated. 
How long shall we let a cow go dry? 
Six weeks to two months is the proper 
length of time, we believe; time enough 
for the cow to get rested and again to 
make up a good udder before calving. 
To carry a good calf to proper birth and 
give a good flow of milk at the same 
time is too much of a strain on the sys¬ 
tem for profitable after results. The cow 
will be apt to be low in vitality, thin in 
flesh and it is hard work to bring her 
up to a good flow of milk. 
How shall we dry off the cow? 
Take away all grain and give nothing 
but hay. Stop milking twice a day at 
once. Milk once a day and skip to long¬ 
er periods as soon as possible. Skipping 
teats is a good plan, that is, milk three 
teats this morning and to-morrow milk 
the odd one and two of the others and 
so on. Often you can dry a cow up in 
this manner in a week or 10 days. After 
she is thoroughly dry give her with hay 
and silage if you have it, two to four 
quarts of coarse bran daily until she 
comes in. We have known cows whose 
udders were spoiled by not stripping 
them out thoroughly, and leaving too 
much milk in the udder when she was 
supposed to be dry. 
Can we feed our cows too much grain? 
Certainly, but if you are feeding a bal¬ 
anced ration there will be no trouble on 
this score We find men who are feed¬ 
ing 14 to 20 pounds of grain daily to 
cows, which we believe is far in excess 
of what they need, and what may be 
equally important, is much more than 
they can handle to produce economical 
milk. With good hay and silage a bal¬ 
anced ration that will produce a large 
flow of milk and keep the cow in a 
healthy condition can be made up from 
five to eight pounds of grain per cow 
per day, and you will hear nothing about 
the cows being worn out in a year or 
two. The men who are feeding excessive 
amounts of grain are quite apt to meet 
with garget, milk fever, indigestion and 
a host of troubles. They are usually 
men who are continually changing cows, 
buying when fresh, keeping them a few 
months and turning them off again. We 
do not like this practice, and do not be¬ 
lieve it pays in the long run. Where a 
man is properly feeding his cows he will 
have no use for the “stock feeds” so 
widely advertised and sold at high 
prices. 
Almost in the same mail there came 
to us two samples and circulax-s of new 
corn by-products. One of them failed 
to send analysis, which we wrote for, 
and asked for price. The latter one we 
found contained 14 per cent protein and 
eight per cent fat, and its price was 
$23.50 per ton in car lots. The other one 
contained 35 per cent protein and eight 
per cent fat, and its price was $23.90 
per ton in car lots. Both are bulky in 
form, and would, we think, be equally 
liked by the cow, but in the latter feed 
we should get 2% times as much pro¬ 
tein as in the former at an advance of 
only 40 cents per ton, and in the high 
protein food if it follows the usual rule 
a greater per cent of the protein would 
be digestible. The quicker we find out 
that cattle foods, like many others, are 
not sold upon the basis of their feeding 
value but price depends upon supply and 
demand, the sooner we shall be able to 
save money in buying our feed stuffs. 
Do you milk with dry or wet hands? 
You can milk faster with wet hands. 
Don’t you believe it. We milk dry al¬ 
ways. After you are used to dry milk¬ 
ing you can do it faster that way, and it 
certainly is much more cleanly. We 
think milking with wet hands a most 
disagreeable trick, and haven’t any de¬ 
sire to use any milk obtained from the 
cow in that way. We want to carry on 
all our farm work so that our custom¬ 
ers and the consumers, if they were 
around and watched every operation, 
would be attracted rather than repelled 
by the way we did our work. 
Shall we feed the cows before or after 
milking? 
This is largely a matter of habit, and 
it is better to handle the cow in 
the manner to which she has become 
accustomed. We think the cows stand 
much more quietly and can be milked 
with more ease if they are not eating, 
as in reaching different parts of the 
manger they move around too much, 
and step more or less. If possible to do 
it we think the better way to have them 
fed in time before milking, so that they 
have cleaned up their food and are quiet 
and contented. If fed during milking 
dust from hay and grain may be in the 
air and get into the milk, which of 
course ought not to occur. When the 
cows are fed after milking they fre¬ 
quently get a little nervous, and are not 
as quiet as if their stomachs were full. 
Once in a while a cow will not readily 
give clown her milk, and a feed of grain 
or hay will distract her attention from 
you so that she will give down the milk 
without trouble. 
What shall we do with a kicking cow? 
The man who caused her to be a 
kicker ought to be given some good ad¬ 
vice. After she is a confirmed kicker, 
that is, has the habit well formed, you 
would better dispose of her. Sometimes 
by feeding her just as you sit down to 
milk she will forget you and attend to 
her eating. Most cows that are kickers 
are so because they have been misman¬ 
aged. Perhaps when a heifer, during 
the first few milkings, her owner wa3 
not patient with her and every time she 
stepped or accidentally hit him( remem¬ 
ber she thought you were bothering her) 
he hit her in return, and she got mad 
and so did he, and to-day she’s a kicker. 
A cow frequently may have sore teats, 
or cut them on a barb wire fence. This 
is the time to be patient and as gentle 
as possible when milking. Let her 
know’ by your actions that you are try- 
(Continued on next page.) 
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