328 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 16 
NOTES FROM THE RURAL GROUNDS 
Water-Glassed Eggs Keep Well.— 
In previous notes on water-glass (sili¬ 
cate of sodium) as an egg preservative 
we thought it best to recommend that 
sulphur wash we expect it to destroy 
at the same time many spores of such 
fungi as Peach leaf-curl. Plum pocket. 
Pear blight and Monilia or brown rot. 
As only a small number of trees, vary¬ 
ing in age from two to eight years, need¬ 
ed treatment, the potassium sulphide 
combination was selected as promising 
good results without the trouble of long 
boiling. Thirty gallons of the mixture, 
put on with a good pump through a 
Vermorel nozzle, thoroughly coated 60 
trees, about 30 currant bushes and a 
few ornamental shrubs. 
the eggs be used at once when taken 
from the solution. This seemed the 
safest plan. There is considerable lit¬ 
erature on the use of water-glass solu¬ 
tion for preserving eggs both here and 
abroad, but the writers are quite silent 
about the keeping qualities of the eggs 
when taken out after prolonged immer¬ 
sion. The only change to be noted in 
eggs preserved one year in a 10-per-cent 
solution is that the white or albumen is 
rather more watery than in perfectly 
fresh eggs. So closely do they resemble 
new-laid eggs in appearance and quality 
after being rinsed and di'ied off, that 
it has almost been claimed they would 
hatch under proper incubation. They 
are useful for all culinary purposes ex¬ 
cept boiling in the shell, as they are 
likely to crack if heated too suddenly 
and the interior does not look quite as 
inviting when opened. Repeated trials 
have since convinced us that these eggs 
keep well for two weeks after coming 
out of the solution if stored in a cool 
place, and are even better for some pur¬ 
poses, as the white becomes less watery. 
This does not warrant offering water- 
glassed eggs as fresh, however. They 
are preserved eggs, and should be so 
called if offered for sale. As a house¬ 
hold economy for the storage of eggs 
when cheap and plentiful the water- 
glass process is to be heartily com¬ 
mended. With a stock of well-preserved 
eggs packed in April and May available 
for family use during the succeeding 
cold months the farmer or poultry keep¬ 
er is at liberty to sell his Winter pro¬ 
duct as laid. We used a 10-per-cent so¬ 
lution two years in succession with no 
apparent deterioration in the preserving 
quality. As many inquiries concerning 
water-glass for egg-preserving come in 
we repeat directions. 
Water glass, silicate of sodium solu¬ 
tion, can be had in pound bottles at 25 
cents each, or in larger quantity in 
glass containers as low as 10 cents a 
pound. The solution is placed in a 
wooden or stoneware vessel, and nine 
times the quantity of fresh pure water 
poured in. The eggs are placed in the 
liquid when gathered, as fresh as pos¬ 
sible, only allowing them to cool off. 
Put in as many eggs as the solution will 
cover. Cover with a lid to retard evap¬ 
oration and keep out dust. Store in a 
cool cellar until wanted for use. The 
eggs should keep perfectly at least one 
year. The eggs must be sound and 
fresh when placed in the solution—it 
will not restore stale or spoiled speci¬ 
mens. One pound of water-glass prop¬ 
erly diluted will cover about 14 dozens 
of eggs. We have used the same solu¬ 
tion two years in succession with good 
results, but it is probably best to start 
each season with a fresh supply. 
Making tile Wash. —Potassium sul¬ 
phide is known commercially under the 
names of liver of sulphur, potassa sul- 
phurata and sulphurated potash. It is 
a hard, brittle solid of a dull brownish- 
yellow color, giving off a strong sulphur 
odor when exposed to the air. It must 
be kept in tight canisters until used. 
Wholesale druggists sell it for 14 to 15 
cents a pound in lots of 10 pounds and 
over, with an extra charge for the con¬ 
tainer, which is usually made of tin. One 
pound each of sulphide and unslaked 
lime make two gallons of the wash, so 
tliat the cost of the mixture when ready 
for use should fall under 10 cents a gal¬ 
lon. This is far more expensive than 
the lime, sulphur and salt mixture pre¬ 
pared by long boiling, and more than 
the combination of lime, sulphur and 
caustic soda with little or no boiling. 
The latter has not yet proved its effi¬ 
ciency, and the boiled mixture is trou¬ 
blesome to prepare in a small way, re¬ 
quires special conveniences and requires 
considerable expense for labor. The 
making up of the potassium sulphide- 
lime mixture is very simple, and con¬ 
sumes little time. The sulphide quickly 
dissolves in boiling water at the rate 
of fiv$ pounds to the gallon. We used 
an old iron kettle and started in by dis¬ 
solving the sulphide; then put an equal 
weight of selected lime in a clean bar¬ 
rel and started slaking with one or two 
gallons of hot water. While bubbling 
the sulphide solution was poured in 
boiling hot, thoroughly stirred and the 
process completed by filling in the pro¬ 
per quantity of warm water and strain¬ 
ing the mixture into the spray barrel. 
The whole process of making up 20 gal¬ 
lons of this wash requires but a few mo¬ 
ments of time and the ordinary appli¬ 
ances of a kitchen stove, if a few gal¬ 
lons of hot water are first prepared. The 
sulphur is in perfect solution and inti¬ 
mate chemical contact with the lime. It 
sprays easily, covers well and is said to 
stick to the trees as long as any of the 
other combinations. This point, as well 
as its insecticide and fungicide powers, 
remain to be tested under our condi¬ 
tions. It is sharply caustic, and will ir¬ 
ritate the skin if allowed to come in 
close contact. Old clothes and gloves 
should be worn while spraying, and the 
face protected by a thick coating of 
vaseline, well rubbed in the eyebrows 
and about the hair. After spraying it 
is well to sponge the face and hands 
with weak vinegar or rub them with 
lemon juice to render the lime soluble 
before washing with soap and water. 
Lime and soap together form a sticky, 
insoluble compound hard to get off the 
skin and irritating in its effects. An 
organic acid like vinegar or lemon 
juice applied before the soap will pre¬ 
vent its formation and neutralize the 
powerful caustic effect of the lime and 
potash. 
The Liver of Sulphur-Lime Wash. 
—Experiment station bulletins and hor¬ 
ticultural papers are filled with details 
of methods for making the lime, sulphur 
and salt wash by boiling and the cold 
lime-sulphur combination by the use of 
caustic soda or potash without the need 
of fire. Lime and sulphur in chemical 
combination is now accepted as the 
hopeful remedy for Pernicious scale in 
the East as it has long been so consid¬ 
ered in the extreme West. Trials suffi¬ 
cient in number and diversity are being 
made to settle the question of its value 
under the climatic conditions of the At¬ 
lantic States. But with all the flood of 
information now available only brief 
mention is made of the potassium sul¬ 
phide or liver of sulphur-lime combina¬ 
tion. It is stated in two or three bulle¬ 
tins that 10 pounds each of potassium 
sulphide and fresh stone lime to 20 gal¬ 
lons of water make an effective wash, 
but they are silent as to details of mak¬ 
ing it up. 
Scale infection has existed near the 
Rural Grounds for the last 12 years. 
Each Summer the annoying pest estab¬ 
lishes itself on a few new trees and 
shrubs, although we have always treat¬ 
ed it wherever found with petroleum or 
whale-oil soap. These remedies have 
their individual defects and advantages 
as scale-killers, but do not act as fun¬ 
gicides to any appreciable extent, while 
all the lime-sulphur combinations are 
credited with being as energetic fungi¬ 
cides as Bordeaux Mixture. When spray¬ 
ing dormant treei for scale with a lime- 
Is Lime-Sulphur the Best Scale- 
Killer? —Notwithstanding the great 
hopes now centered in lime-sulphur 
combinations experiment station evi¬ 
dence does not show they are more ef¬ 
fective scale killers than petroleum or 
whale-oil soap. The immediate effect is 
less energetic than with either of the 
remedies mentioned, but if not washed 
off by rains is more lasting than with the 
soap and far less dangerous to the trees 
than petroleum. The comparative safety 
of the lime-sulphur washes, their 
demonstrated fungicide powers and 
their known effectiveness in the dry cli¬ 
mate of California form the basis of the 
confident expectations of those now test¬ 
ing them in the East. May their hopes 
be realized. w. v. f. 
Make Your Spare Time Count 
by taking our 
Correspondence Course 
in Horticulture under Prof. 
Liberty II. Bulley of Cornell 
University. Treats of Vegetable 
Gardening, Fruit Growing, Flori¬ 
culture and the Ornamentation of 
Grounds. We also offer a course 
in Modern Agriculture under 
Prof. Brooks of Mass. Agri¬ 
cultural College. Full Commer¬ 
cial,* .N ormal and Academia 
departments. Tuition nominal. Text-books 
frtt t* our etudentn. Catalog ue and 
yorttoulort frto. VfriU to-day. > 
k. Home Correipondenee School, 
Dept. 18, Springfield, Hue. f 
s 
WIFT’S * rS Lead e °* 
FOR SPRAYING 
Is the best insecticide known for potato bugs and 
all leaf eating insects. It kills quickly, and unlike 
Paris Green, there is absolutely no danger of bunt¬ 
ing or scorching Hie leaves. It adheres to the 
foliage for a long time, thus doing away with re¬ 
peated sprayings. It is highly recommended by 
all the leading entomologists. Made only by the 
MERRIMAC CHEMICAL CO., 
75-77 Broad St., Boston, Mass. 
-FOR SALE BY- 
Benton, Myers & Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Daniel Stewart Co., 
Indianapolis, Ind. Morrison Plummer Co., Chicago, Ill. 
Yahr <K: Lange Drug Co., Milwaukee, Wis. Noyes Bros. & 
Cutler. St. Paul, Minn. E. H. Bruce & Co., Omaha, Neb. 
W. A. Hover & Co., Denver, Colo. J. S. Merrill Drug Co., 
St. Louis, Mo. Van Vleet Mansfield Drug Co., Memphis, 
Tenn. L. V. Elder Co.,Galveston, Texas. I. L. Lyons 
&Co. t New Orleans, La. Langley & Michaels Co., San 
Francisco, Cal. Ask your druggist for it. 
SAN JOSS SCALE. 
And other Insects can be Controlled by Using 
Good’s Caustic Potash Whale 
Oil Soap No. 3. 
It also prevents Curl Leaf. Endorsed by Entomolo¬ 
gists. This Soap is a Fertilizer as well as Insecticide. 
60-lb. Kegs, 12.50; 100-lb. Kegs, 14.50; Half-Barrel, 
270 lbs., 3^c. per lb.; Barrel, 425 lbs., 3^0. Large 
quantities, Special KateB. Send for Circulars. 
JAMES GOOD. 939 N. Front St.. Philadelphia. Pa. 
codling 
jjDisparene kills both broods. Also 
every leaf-eating insedt. Book free 
BOWKER INSECTICIDE CO., 
, Y., Boston & Cincinnati 
A h 
f\ \ ■ ' £ 1 
: " ' ••• •I 
New Spray Nozzle 
Goulds “Mistry” covers twice the area 
at half the power required for other 
nozzles. Our free book describes this 
Wonderful Sprayer. 
The Goulds Mfg.Co., Seneca Falls, N.Y. 
issss* 
YOUR 
There will be no trouble about 
the profits if you spray your 
trees and vines with a 
Hardie Spray Pump 
Each of the working parts of 
this machine is made of heavy 
brass so accurately fitted 
that there is no friction, 
that’s why they work so 
easy. Our catalogue tells 
you all about it. It’s free 
The Hook-Hardie Co., 
69 Main St. Hudson,Mich. 
With the 4 
ORCHARD 
[Monarch 
SPRAY 
K ™ Automatic Compressed Air 
Sprayer, No hand labor— has agitator and brushes for 
'cleaning strainers. Our free book tel Is about it. “Noswlndled feeling” 
1 fyou buy our pumps. We alsomake the Empire King* Car- 
field Knapsack and others, 
FIEL^ORC^MJMf^O^^^UthSLEImlrj^NjY. 
THE PERFECTION SPRAYER 
sprays everything, trees, potatoes, etc. Furnished 
complete with cartand barrel. Combined hand and 
horse power. Don’t buy until you get my catalogue- 
free. THOS. PEPPLER, Box 20, HightstOwn,N. J 
The Pump 
that Pumps 
Ask Your F SPRAY PUMPS 
DEALER 0 Double-Aoting, Lift. 
R Power, Tank and Spray 
M PUMPS 
Store Ladders. Etc. 
^ Barn Door Hangers 
A Aluminum Finished 
J HAY TOOLS 
of all kinds. Write for 
Circulars and Prices 
EH.Byers it Hro.A«hUnd,Q. 
Valve I 
RHODES DOUBLE CUT 
PRUNING SHEAR. 
RHODES MFG. CO. 
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. 
Cuts from 
both sides 
of limb and 
does not 
bruise the 
bark. 
Write for 
circular 
and prices. 
Corn 
must have a sufficient supply of 
Potash 
in order to develop into a crop. 
No amount of Phosphoric 
Acid or Nitrogen can compen¬ 
sate for a lack of potash in 
fertilizers [for 
grain and all 
other crops]. 
We shall be glad 
to send free to any 
farmer ourlittlebook 
which contains valu¬ 
able in format ion 
about soil culture. 
GERHAN KALI WORKS, 
93 Nassau St.. New York. 
ii 
NN kills Prairie Dogs, 
' ' Woodchucks, Gophers, 
and Grain Insects. 
“The wheels o f the 
gods grind slow but 
exceedingly small.” 8o the weevil, but you can stop 
" , w1th D ‘‘ “Firnia Carbon Bisulphide”„“rtS;S 
EDWARD R. TAYLOR, Penn Tan, N. T. 
FUMA 
Get the Best 
A Oood Spray Pump earns big 
profits and lasts for years. 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As prac¬ 
tical fruit growers we 
were using the com¬ 
mon sprayers in our 
own orchards—found 
their defects and then invented 
The Eclipse. Its success 
practically forced us into man¬ 
ufacturing on a large scale. 
You take no chances. Wehave 
done all the experimenting. 
Large fully illustrated 
Catalogue and Treatise ’ 
on Spraying — FREE. 
MORRILL Jk MOKI.EY. Benton Harbor. Ltch. 
AUTO-POP, 
AUTO-SPRAY. 
Great cleaning attachment on per¬ 
fect compressed air sprayer. Note 
how easy—cleans nozzle every time 
used, saves half the mixture. Brass 
pump, 4 gal. tank. 12 piungerstrokes 
compresses air to spray hi aero. Wo manu¬ 
facture the largest line in America of high 
grade hand and power sprayers. Catalog free. 
Write us if you want agency. 
E. C. BROWN & CO., 
268 State St., Rochester, N, Y, 
RIPPLEY’S- 
Compressed Air Sprayers. 
Fine brass pump, safety valve, fine 
vermorel spray nozzle, 3 feet hose. 
Will spray 25 foot trees, by using rods 
to elevate spray. Fiices, 4 gal. galva¬ 
nized, *5, 5 gal., 85.50 ; 4 gal.copper. 87; 
0 gal., 88. 4 it. Bamboo rod, 75c; 6 ft., 
81,8 ft., 81.25. Add 50c to prices and we 
will pay express. Copy of our 100-page 
catalog of Sprayers. Prepared Spray¬ 
ing Mixtures, Cookers for boiling 
l spraying mixtures, mailed free. All 
I sizes li 
VI 
, sizes' large orchard sprayers. 
JJIPPLEY HOW. CO., Box 223, Grafton. Ills 
“FOUNTAIN” SPRAYER 
*s most compact and handiest of 
all small sprayers. Tank holds 
3 gals. 4 A few strokes of pump 
gives enough air pressure to 
discharge entire contents with¬ 
out re-pumping. Great time and 
labor savor. Discharge undor perfect 
control with automatic valve. Has 
special attachments for spraying Fruit 
Trees,Vines and Vegetables. Catalogue 
and spraying Calendar with formulas for mixtures, free on request- 
LOWELL SPECIALTY CO. 24 Main St. Lowell. Mich. 
Waste 
Your 
Strength. 
'Use 
BAKERS T«» cel „\ s „ s ness . 
No whifiletrees—no traces. Fine for farm work. Has no 
equal for use in orchard, vineyard, garden, lumbering, etc. 
Iiasieronteam. Write us now. Catalogfree. Agents wanted. 
1 B F BAKER CO., 223 Main St., Burnt Hills, N. Y. 
> I WANS 
9 BEST IN THE WORLD 
Post Hole & Weil 
AUGER 
1 For Post Holes, Wells, Prospecting for Minerals, etc. 
1 A man can do thrice the 
work with an “lwan” than 
, with *ny oth,r. U,«d by U. 8. Gor’t, 
^Highest award, World 
Fair, 1903. 4 to 10inch 82.5 
12 inch, 86.00. _ Sample at 
special price to introduce. Show to your hardware 
dealer or write for particulars. 
IWAN BROS., DEPT. 4, STKEATOK, ILL. 
INEXPENSIVE, DUHABLE, 
ATTRACTIVE. 
Farm houses, barns and all other buildings can 
be erected of our Hollow Building Blocks, either 
PLAIN or ROCK FACE, ut a less cost than of 
brick. Also used for foundations. Prices and cata¬ 
logue furnished upon request. Mention this Paper. 
NATIONAL FIRE PROOFING CO„ Canton, Ohio. 
