476 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
June 18, 
TALKS WITH A LAWYER. 
Another “Right of Way” 
A owns 100 acres of land. He sells 20 
acres to B In the center of the 100 acres; 
no public ntghway. near It. B sells the 20 
acres to C on four-year time. C finds out 
that A will not give a right of way on the 
rest of his 80 acres to go in and out of the 
20 acres. I have not seen a deed £o B be¬ 
cause I bought It on four-year time. What 
shall I do, and who shall I force for a right 
of way? Can a man sell his property with¬ 
out giving a passage through? Is there a law 
that states so? Would you advise me to sue 
for damages, and who shall I sue, A or B’t 
Hammonton, N. J. c. a. 
When A sold the 20 acres to B there 
went with it a right of way to pass over 
A’s other lands. This is known as a 
right of way of necessity. Since the 20 
acres were surrounded by lands thus 
owned by A, his grant to B would be in¬ 
effectual, unless it carried with it a right 
to get to the lands sold over his other 
lands. C having purchased from B is en¬ 
titled to the same right of way that was 
vested in B by virtue of his deed from A. 
If C has acquired a legal right to use the 
20 acres he could proceed to pass over 
A’s lands by direct route to them. A 
cannot prevent him from doing this any 
more than he can prevent C from passing 
over the highway. It is not necessary for 
C to sue anyone. He is strictly within 
his rights, assuming that he has acquired 
all the rights of B, in passing to and 
fro over A’s lands, selecting a proper and 
direct way across the same. If A resists 
C, in so doing the responsibility and con¬ 
sequences will be upon him. In such 
cases a suit for damages would lie 
against A. 
The Inheritance or Transfer Tax. 
Will you give some Information about the 
“inheritance tax,” stating when it was insti¬ 
tuted, the amount assessed on property, and 
who are liable to be taxed? s. d . f. 
Adams Basin, N. Y. 
The inheritance or transfer tax, as it is 
called, is a tax imposed upon the right of 
succession to real and personal property 
passing by will or according to the laws of 
distribution in case of intestacy. It ap¬ 
plies also to property passed by deed or 
gift made to take effect only at the death 
of the grantor or donor. The law was 
first passed in 1885, and has frequently 
been modified since. 
Estates of a value less than $500 are not 
taxable. When the value of the estate is 
$500, or over, each legacy, devise, or 
share, passing to strangers in blood or 
collateral relatives of the decedent, is 
taxed at the rate of five per centum on its 
assessed value, whether real or personal 
property. But when the estate passes to 
the father, mother, husband, wife, child, 
brother, sister, wife or widow of a son, 
or the husband of a daughter, or any 
adopted child or lineal descendant of the 
deceased it is not taxable at all, unless 
the estate consists of personal property 
of the value of $10,000 or more, in which 
case the rate of taxation is one per cent 
on the value of each legacy or share. The 
real estate is not taxable in such case. 
Religious, missionary, charitable, hospital, 
benevolent and like institutions are ex¬ 
empt from such taxation. 
APPLE TREE BORERS. 
I. L. W., Gardiner , Me. —Upon examina¬ 
tion I find that many of my Baldwin trees 
40 years old are Infested with borers. The 
outside, to outward appearance, is fair, but 
closer observation with a knife shows the 
bark separated from the wood, and in places 
young borers one-fourth inch long hatched. 
If I should scrape the bark from the ground 
up 18 inches high and paint with white lead 
and oil; would that be the best preventive? 
Would it do to put hot coal tar into de 
oayed place, or where limbs were sawed, both 
recently and years ago, to prevent the borers 
getting in that way? What time is best to 
paint? 
Ans. —The inquirer states that he finds 
the bark separated from the wood in the 
case of old trees, and it at once occurs 
to me that possibly the trouble here is 
not due to borers. Various causes may 
be responsible for the separation of the 
bark from the wood; for instance, if the 
trees have been bruised in any manner, 
especially during the growing period, this 
might result; and also if a sudden drop 
in temperature followed some warm days 
in Winter. It may be true that the larvae 
now found under this bark “separated 
from the wood” are not the young of the 
Apple tree-borers, but^simply insect forms 
which occur here, because of a conveni¬ 
ent situation. The bark does not separate 
from the wood because of borer injury 
until after the trees are practically dying, 
and then it is too late for remedies. The 
borer injuries consist in channels cut in 
the sap wood of the tree just under the 
bark, and if these characteristic channels 
do not occur you are dealing with some 
other injury than the Apple tree-borer. 
Whatever may be the cause of the in¬ 
jury, if these trees are not too badly in¬ 
jured, the thing to do is to remove all the 
loose bark, cutting back just into the edge 
of the live tissue. For this purpose use a 
sharp knife, making a clean cut entirely 
around the circumference of the wound 
and letting the point of the knife enter 
the sap wood about one-eighth of an inch. 
T his will hasten the outgrowth of meris- 
tem tissue, which will act to cement the 
bark so that it will not peel back further. 
Clean all the damaged surface perfectly 
clean down to the hard wood. Though 
this wood may be dead this operation 
is necessary. Then cover all the exposed 
surface and the edges of the bark with 
a coating of white lead paint made as 
directed in my articles which you have 
read. If the injury is due solely to bor¬ 
ers, and the trees are not already too seri¬ 
ously affected, it is unnecessary to remove 
large areas of bark at any one place; 
follow the channels made by the borer, 
cutting back just into the live tissue, and 
clean the channels out so as not to leave 
the “frass” of the larvae in the channels 
made in the wood. Follow these chan¬ 
nels up, making a perfectly clean job; 
then cover all the wounds with white lead 
as directed above. 
Scraping the outer rough bark from 
old trees and painting with white lead, 
is to my mind rather questionable. This 
will certainly not affect in the least the 
borers already in the tree, and I doubt 
if one can reduce the bark of old trees to 
a condition where the coating of white 
lead paint will be sufficiently perfect to 
answer as a protection from the minute 
larvae. The beetles will seek the cracks 
in the bark which are not protected by 
paint, and thrust their eggs into these, 
and the larvae will enter the trees un¬ 
harmed. 
I would not recommend putting hot coal 
tar into the decayed places or wounds 
upon the tree trunks or limbs. While 
coal tar is often recommended for use on 
trees there is danger of harm in its use. 
Clean up all these wounds, cutting out all 
the affected wood that you can; cut back 
around them to the live tissue; then if 
there is much of a cavity, fill it with 
cement freshly made, and paint the out¬ 
side of the cement and over the edges of 
the wound back to the sound bark. White 
lead paint is the very best thing I have 
ever used for protecting wounds made 
in trimming trees. As to the best time 
to use paint, I think where one is han¬ 
dling young trees, the bark of which is 
comparatively smooth, the best plan is 
to dig away the earth in the Spring, 
clean the trunks for a couple of inches 
below the surface, and brush the trunks 
as smooth as possible above ground, then 
apply the paint, say not later than June 
1 , or as near thereafter as possible, in 
Maine; in southern climates, earlier. This 
paint will prevent almost entirely the en¬ 
trance of the larvae of the borers. I 
presume that the period of egg laying 
begins about June 1 and extends for 
some weeks. Go over the trees every 
Spring, look for borers, dig out any that 
have perchance got in, and clean up 
the wounds, and repair the paint over the 
entire trunk of the tree using just suf¬ 
ficient to make the coating quite perfect. 
One certainly does not need to put on 
a heavy coat after the first time. 
WM. B. ALWOOD. 
CEMENT LINED SILOS. 
In reply to I. L. W.’s inquiry concern¬ 
ing silos plastered with concrete, in the 
Summer of 1902 we were intending to 
build a stone silo, but reading of a 
cement lined silo used by H. B. Gurler, 
of Illinois, we changed our minds. With 
two seasons’ experience we are confident 
that the cemented silo is the most dur¬ 
able of any that we know about. The ce¬ 
ment not only preserves the contents of 
the silo by its airtight walls, but it also 
preserves the wood, of which the silo is 
Duilt, by preventing any moisture reach¬ 
ing it. The cost is not much greater 
than the wooden silo, we think. The one 
we built 14 x 28 feet cost, in money paid 
out, less than $50 roofless with clay 
bottom. We used 2x4 studding, 12-inch 
as they simply hold the material together, 
as they simply hold the material together. 
For inside lining we used Black ash half 
inch thick, and for the outside ash and 
elm for hoops, sheeted with hemlock. 1 
know of a silo partly built of stone, with 
studding on top, 8-inch centers; lath 
nailed to studding, with nothing on the 
outside of the studding, that is giving 
good satisfaction. One trouble with the 
wooden structures is that when they be¬ 
gin to play out they are not attended to 
until the loss is considerable. Cheap 
silos are a thing of the past. Yet these 
cheap failures led to success. Many far¬ 
mers have built cheap silos who wou/d 
not have built a good one as an experi¬ 
ment. Thus it is the cheap silos have 
served a good purpose. l. a. h. 
Milan, Pa. 
Duties of a Stewardess. 
Reader, Sterling Run, Pa .—What are the 
duties of a woman stewardess on passenger 
ships? What wages do they receive? Who 
can be applied to, and what recommendation 
s needed in order to get a situation? 
Ans.—A stewardess acts as chamber¬ 
maid and nurse and gives up all her time 
to waiting on the ladies during the voy¬ 
age; she obtains the position by applying 
at the office of the company on the othei 
side, and If she is engaged she starts in 
the third class and works up to secor\d 
class and then to first class, and receives 
$17.50 per month wages. 
Red Star Line. w. m. robinson. 
Lime Sulphur Wash and Curl-leaf. 
Is It a fact that where the lime and sul¬ 
phur wash is used for killing the scale on 
peach trees there fs less curl-leaf? 
Yes, the experience is almost universal. 
Wherever the lime, salt and sulphur 
wash has been used the Peach leaf- 
curl has been practically absent. Else¬ 
where there has been a great deal of it 
this year; in fact, I do not think that I 
know of any year since I have been in the 
State in which there has been as much 
“curl” as there is now. Those who used 
this California wash received a double 
benefit. It is just a little too early to say 
anything about the effects of the wash. 
Next week, or the week after, I intend 
to send out to all districts where spray¬ 
ing has been done to determine the row 
dition of the trees. john b. smith. 
New Jersey. 
We have not yet made a final examina¬ 
tion of our sprayed trees, but so far as 
our observations extend I think we can 
say there is less leaf-curl on trees which 
have been sprayed with lime and sulphur 
than on the unsprayed trees. I know that 
this has bten the observation made by 
Mr. Hale and other growers in Connecti¬ 
cut, especially last year. w. e. britton. 
Connecticut. 
A DOLLAR SAVED IS A DOLLAR 
EASILY EARNED. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you will get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 8. 
pibert a* Peach 
The perfect freestone. Very 
Urge and fine. Golden yellow, faint¬ 
ly striped >%1th red. Fruit deliciously 
flavored. Early August. Tree hand¬ 
some and most prolific. Fine market 
variety .All choice kinds.Catalog free. 
Harrison’s Nurseries.B»29,Berlin,Md. 
HOYT’S TREES 
have a reputation of more than 60 years back of 
them. Our nurseries are the largest in New England. 
More than 600 acres of strong, rugged soil planted 
to everything that is best in Fruit Trees, Shade 
Trees, Plants and Ornamental Stock. A1J 
stock guaranteed healthy and true to name. 
Pull Catalogue Free. 
THE STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS COMPANY, 
NEW CANAAN. CONN. 
CELERY AND VEGETABLE PLANTS 
For Sale.—Leading varieties, carefully packed with 
moss in baskets. F. O. B. here. Write for prices. 
Cash with order. Plants ready about June loth. 
WOODLAND FARM, Canastota, Madison Co., N. Y, 
HARRARF PLANTS, ll per 1,000 ; 70c. per 500; $8.50 
UrlU UHUL per 10,000. Strong plants grown in rows 
and hoed like onions. Danish Ballhead, Surehead, 
Flat Dutch. Wakefield. Ea. Summer (24c. per lOOby 
mail). F. W. ROCHELLE, Drawer 3, Chester, N. J. 
CABBAGE AND CELERY PLANTS, 
transplanted plants from best seed. Danish,i Flat 
Dutch. Warren Stone Mason-and Sure Head. $1.25 per 
1.000. For prices on Celery plants write Frank Shearer 
& Son, Market Gardeners, Binghamton, N. Y.- - 
CHOICE CELERY fiiS CABBAGE 
PLANTS, only fBl per 1,000. All good sorts ready 
in July. SLAYMaKER & SON, Dover, Del. 
PECAN TREES AND NUTS 
seedllngtmes,(1.2 &3 
yearsold. TheG. M. Bacon Pecan Co Inc.) Dewitt.Ga 
POTTED STRAWBERRY PLANTS. 
LIST 
---- FREE 
T C. KEV1TT, Athouia, N. J. 
Potted Strawberry Plants w"an*«es® 
List free. C. A. HALL, Oak Hill, N. Y. 
F L I 
L I C 
E S 
E, 
’ 
l ( Why pay express. 
I and middlemen's 
mfg's, 
It I G 
FKOFITS, etc., for in- 
feriormixtures? Send 50c. 
j topayadvertising,printing, 
mail expenses, etc,, forfour 
valuable receipts for your 
personal use only, for mak¬ 
ing at a cost of 20c. to 25c. a 
gallon, the best and most 
lasting FLY KII.LEK 
and DRIVER in the 
world. Milk in peace. 
Everybody delighted. Kills 
cattle and hen lice, Ticks, 
at shearing or in wool and 
all kinds of insects. Easily 
made on scientific princi¬ 
ples. Sprayed or daubed in 
nests or on roosts will kill 
all lice on hens or chicks. 
Cures maDge, sores, etc. 
Improves hide and hair. 
A powerful disinfectant. Kills all disease germs. 
Keep pigs healthy by spraying pens, etc. Best STOCK 
FOOD in the world for3c. a pound, Superior to all 
others for all kinds of stock. POULTRY CON¬ 
DITION POWDER makes poultry healthy, grow 
fast, lay early and in winter. Special or general 
purpose PHOSPHATES from $3 to $15 a ton. Easily 
made in any amount. Superior to all others. Don’t 
pay for waste material to make weight. Special terms 
to agents with each order. Sell to your neighbors. 
Positively no deception in the above adv. 
NEW EN6LAND CHEMICAL CO..Andover,Mass 
STOCK 
FOOD, 
POULTRY 
CONDITION 
POWDER, 
PHOSPHATES. 
For Information 
as to Fruit and Trucking Lands, Grazing Lands' 
Soil and Climate in Virginia. North and South 
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama & Florida along the 
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad 
Write tp WILBUR Itt’COY Agricultural and 
Immigration Agent, Jacksonville, Fla. 
MONEY-MAKING FARMS. 
in New England along the sparkling lakes or by the 
sea: comfortable buildings, stock, tools and growing 
crops included: 5 to 1,000 acres, $500 to $10,000: a few 
on easy terms to settle estates quickly; illustrated 
lists wit h reliable informatiomof soils, crops, markets, 
climate, etc., mailed free. E. A. STKOUT, Farm 
Agency Dept. 42, 150 Nassau St., New York City, or 
Tremont Temple, Boston, Mass , or Portland, Me. 
WANTED 
Position by single man on poultry or stock farm 
familiar with all farm work. H. B. C. Bayonne, N. J. 
C|| A perfect steel frame silo with guar- 
OILvO anteed workmanship and material. 
10x20 silo $78 37. Special terms to Farmer's Clubs 
& Granges. The International Silo Co., Jefferson, O. 
rnn Oil C —Crimson Clover Seed, $4 per bushe 
rUll OnLL Co*v Peas,$1.75 and $2 perbubhel; Seed 
Sweet Potatoes, $1 per bushel. 
J. E. HOLLAND, Mllford.'Del. 
TREES SUCCEED WHERE 
Largest Nursery. OTHERS FAIL 
Jill# Fruit Book Free. Result of 78 years’experience 
\ir STARK BR0», Louisiana, Mo.; Dansville, N. Y.; Etc 
APPLE BARRELS.-Made of seasoned stock 
** guaranteed to stand. You will need them; buy 
now and save money. Uobt. Gillies, Marlboro, N. Y. 
USE THE CARMAN STRAWBERRY PICKER 
and get highest price for 
your fruit. No bruising, no 
caps pull off. Stems of uni¬ 
form length. Picks one-third 
faster than by hand and 
vines are not injured. In¬ 
vented by a grower of 40 years experience and thor¬ 
oughly tested by him and others before It was placed 
on the market. Send for circular, or enclose $1 and 
receive Picker postpaid. One Picker free with first 
order from each township. ISAAC CARMAN, Gem 
Tool Works, 18 Dunham Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Dlira I MaSI Many new routes will go In this year. We 
HU id I Ifldll want name and address of every man who 
tends i n a petition. DAY CDCC to first one sending 
We will send a DU A IllKLEL us full information. 
40ND STEEL POST CO., ADRIAN, MICH. 
BORDEAUX MIXTURE 
(CONCENTRATED.) 
To 1 gal. add 49 gallons of water and ready for spraying. 
CONVENIENT AND EFFECTIVE 
COSTS ONLY *1.00. 
MONEY ORDER, REGISTERED LETTER orCHECK 
SMEDET CHEMICAL COMPANY,* 
S. E. Cor. 11th and Master Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. 
MUSHROOM GROWERS. 
1 We wish to send you onr circnlar on 
“MUSHROOM SPAWNS.” 
It tells about Spawns In general, and 
“Tissue Culture Pure Spawn ” 
In particular. Most productive and sure yet. Will 
you send us your name ? 
PUKE CULTURE SPAWN COMPANY, 
St. Louis, Mo. 
Crimson Glover 
In sowing this valuable clover it Is impor¬ 
tant that American seed is used. We 
supply genuine Delaware seed only. Our 
special circular describing uses of Crimson 
ciov.r is mailed free. HENRY A. DREER, 714 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
SAFETY FRUIT PICKER 
The Latest and Iiest FRUIT 
PICKEIt on the market 
No Bruising of Fruit. 
No Breaking of Branches. 
No Danger to Life or Limh. 
Better Fruit for the Market 
Better Prices for the Pro¬ 
ducer, 
Cheap in l’rice and Simple in 
Construction. 
Order one by Mail at once, to insure delivery in time for crop. 
Price, $2.50. 
LIVE AGENTS WANTED, NONE OTHHRS NEED APPLY. 
Pat. Granted. YOU HAVE WAITED LONG. HERE IT IS. 
Address, SAFETY FRUIT PICKER CO., Rochester, N. Y. 
