782 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
October 29, 
Rural isms ; 
as they cease growth and drop their 
foliage. They have been planted out in 
the nursery field since June, and the little 
potted plants have grown into thrifty 
bushes. They are stored with a Summer’s 
vigor and are now being carefully packed 
and forwarded in due rotation to waiting 
NOTES FROM THE RURAL GROUNDS 
A Late Blooming Giant Gladiolus.— 
One of the finest Gladiolus species of 
recent introduction is G. Quartinianus, 
from the mountains of tropical Africa. 
The type grows three or four feet high 
and produces a spike of six to nine bril¬ 
liant red and yellow blooms, the upper 
segments curved over to form a hood. 
A fine variety named Superbus was soon 
after raised from seeds of the species, and 
is displacing its parent as a garden plant. 
G. Quartinianus superbus grows as high 
as six feet under good cultivation, and has 
a longer spike of better formed flowers. 
It is very late in blooming, and cannot 
be relied on to develop its flowers before 
cold weather except under glass. Several 
years ago we were able to hybridize this 
fine variety with the very large-flowered 
Gladiolus princeps. One of the results 
of this cross is shown in Fig. 347, page 
- 778. The new hybrid is a veritable giant 
of its kind, as shown by comparison with 
the six-foot Rural Grounds assistant 
standing near. It is big in every way— 
in corm or bulb, foliage, flowers and seed 
capsule. The bloom spike extends to 
three feet in length as the flowers open. 
The illustrated specimen had 25 blooms 
on the main scape or spike, 13 on one 
side spike and 12 on the other, thus mak¬ 
ing 50 blooms in all. Five to seven 
flowers are open at the same time, each 
lasting several days so that the blooming 
period of a single plant occupies two 
weeks or more. The bulblets or cormels 
are numerous and larger than those of 
any other variety we have grown. Many 
of them bloom the first year if planted 
early and given room for development, thus 
insuring rapid .increase of stock. The. 
flowers are three or four inches across, 
well finished for a species-hybrid, and 
range in color from bright scarlet to dark 
crimson, all with deep yellow throat and 
occasional markings. The hooded form 
of Superbus is greatly modified in the 
hybrid, and the result is as brilliant and 
showy as could be imagined. In foliage 
and habit this new hybrid is most im¬ 
posing. The massive upright leaves are 
decorative weeks before the blooms ap¬ 
pear, and retain their fine appearance un¬ 
til hard frost. The blooming season runs 
from late August until October, thus fur¬ 
nishing excellent spikes for cutting after 
other kinds are gone. For garden decora¬ 
tion and florists’ use in later Summer and 
Autumn we are confident this new Giant 
Gladiolus is an important acquisition. 
Wholesale Plant Breeding. —Vol. 1, 
Memoirs of the Horticultural Society of 
New York, just issued, contains the entire 
proceedings of the International Confer¬ 
ence on Plant Breeding and Hybridiza¬ 
tion, held in New York in October, 1902. 
The papers and discussions herein pre¬ 
served are of the greatest value, and to 
a considerable extent form a record of the 
vast labors of plant breeders throughout 
the world. It is noticeable that a large 
share of the work reported among econ¬ 
omic plants was under way in the Ag¬ 
ricultural Experiment Stations of North¬ 
western States. Climatic conditions there 
differ so widely from the older cultivated 
regions that many fruits and cereals must 
be bred or acclimated before they can be 
successfully grown. That plant-breeding 
activity does not lessen in this region is 
shown by Bulletins 87 and 88, South Da¬ 
kota Experiment Station. The first is a 
64-page account of the Station’s work 
with the western Sand cherry, Prunus 
Besseyi, once boomed by catalogue deal¬ 
ers as the “Great Rock Mountain cherry,” 
while Bulletin 88 is devoted to general 
plant breeding work among hardy fruits. 
Something like a quarter-million seedlings 
of cherries, plums, apples, grapes, cur¬ 
rants, gooseberries, raspberries, straw¬ 
berries and buffalo-berries are now grow¬ 
ing on the Station grounds, a great pro¬ 
portion having been raised from hybrid¬ 
ized see’ds. Many acres of land and the re¬ 
sources of several large glasshouses are 
required for this work, from which may 
be developed fruits adapted to the special 
climatic conditions of the State. Such 
work is expensive, demanding large 
equipments and much labor, but it bids 
fair to return in time full value to the 
public. The 'private breeder, with his 
limited resources, may be inclined to 
envy the opportunities of the Station 
worker, but should be consoled by the 
thought that all share in common gain re¬ 
sulting from successful public work. 
Planting Dormant Roses. —The Phila¬ 
delphia Rambler roses now due to R. 
N.-Y. subscribers are being sent out 
subscribers. When received the box should 
at once be opened, the moss or packing 
about the roots well moistened, and the 
plant placed on the ground in a cool, 
moist cellar, or the roots “heeled in” or 
buried in moist soil outside until ready 
for planting. We have described the best 
methods of planting free-growing roses 
many times, and can only repeat there is 
little likelihood of too careful preparation. 
Select a situation for the Philadelphia 
where it will have sunlight the greater 
part of the day, especially the morning 
sunshine. The worst enemy of hardy 
climbing roses in mildew on the foliage 
and free sunlight is the best preventive. 
Philadelphia is practically exempt from 
mildew if planted where the foliage dries 
off early in the morning, and in all situa¬ 
tions it is far more resistant than its seed 
parent, the ever-popular Crimson Ram- 
bler. Dig a hole two feet or more wide 
and at least 18 inches deep. Fill in six 
or eight inches deep with small stones, 
brickbats and broken bones for drainage, 
then with a layer of good soil, mixed with 
one-fourth old manure, thick enough to 
afford a foundation for the roots, which 
should be set about four inches deeper 
than they grew in the field. Trim all 
broken or bruised root ends smoothly 
with a sharp knife, spread the roots in 
their natural positions, cover and fill with 
good soil, which should be well tramped 
in as the filling proceeds. Mound up the 
surface slightly to keep water from stand¬ 
ing about the plant. As the growing 
season is over it is not expected the tops 
will start before Spring, but prompt 
planting in moist soil will favor healing 
of the cut ends of the roots, and often 
the throwing out of new rootlets. 
Protect From Hard Freezing. —Phila¬ 
delphia is. one of the hardiest of roses, 
but Fall-set plants, having a weak hold 
on the soil, should have some protection 
from severe freezing. The canes are cut 
short for shipment, and will need no fur¬ 
ther pruning until growth starts in Spring. 
They should freely be exposed to the 
light and air until the ground begins to 
freeze, when a light covering of coarse 
litter or evergreen boughs may be placed 
over the plant, followed later by an 
empty barrel with a stave out or large 
box, on the sides of which several large 
holes have been bored to secure ventila¬ 
tion. The main essentials are to pro¬ 
tect the canes from Winter sunlight and 
harsh drying winds, yet it is not well 
to have them embedded in a mass of 
sodden .straw or manure, as is often the 
case where the box or barrel covering is 
omitted. There seems more difficulty in 
wintering over roses of the Rambler class 
in portions of the Middle West than in 
many localities farther north. A well- 
ventilated shelter, such as is afforded by 
a roomy box or barrel will afford much 
protection from partial thaws and cut¬ 
ting winds, and to a great extent pre¬ 
vent heaving of the roots. w. v. F. 
Bearing Apple Trees. —The first trees in 
my young orchard were set in Spring of 1900. 
Each season since that I have added a few 
more trees and a few new varieties. The 
standard kinds have been set to furnish fruit 
for home needs, and the novelties for the 
purpose of testing some of the much-lauded 
new fruits. The stock when set has ranged 
from one year old, mail size, to three years, 
three-fourths inch and up. I have not been 
able to see any evidence that a three-year- 
old tree will fruit any sooner after planting 
than a one-year-old, hut have not set the 
same variety in different ages except in two 
or three cases, where some trees proved un¬ 
true to name. Of over 50 varieties under ob¬ 
servation the Winter Banana was first to set 
fruit; one or two specimens on trees one year 
from time of planting. As yet this variety 
has never matured more than half a dozen 
specimens, while some trees of Wealthy and 
Jonathan produced a peck each. Jonathan 
is not usually considered an early bearer, but 
almost every tree bore fruit here this year. 
Of course it is here as it is everywhere; any 
variety must get at it early if it expects 
to beat Ben Davis. Gano and Black Ben 
both have ripened a few specimens, but 
neither seems to have anything on Mr. Davis, 
Sr., when it comes to precocity. The Rus¬ 
sians, Transparent, Duchess and Boiken fruit¬ 
ed this year for the fiyst time. York Im¬ 
perial seems slow in getting off, but Rome 
Beauty has got a good lead on Mo. 
Pippin. Bismarck has never yet set any 
fruit. Of a dozen Ozark kinds only Black 
Ben Davis and Champion tried to make good 
their introducer’s claim of early bearers. 
Opalescent, Chicago, Delicious, Stayman, etc., 
have never shown anything but leaves, while 
Missing Link, the new apple that has been 
through the presses of The It. N.-Y. often 
enough to make cider of tender varieties, 
gave about enough bloom last Spring to dec¬ 
orate a buttonhole, but set no fruit. To 
sum up results as observed here, it is safe 
to say that three-fourths of the old standard 
sorts have shown some fruit the present sea¬ 
son on four-year set trees, while not more 
than one-fourth of the newer varieties have 
made so good a showing. p. m. 
Central Indiana. 
A necessity for 
right shaving— 
Williams’ Shav¬ 
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Sold everywhere. Free trial sample 
for 2-cent •tamp to pay postage. 
Write for booklet “ How to Shave." 
The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Ct. 
IT IS 
LOADED 
AGENTS 
Witt 
MEND-A-RIP" 
oes all kinds of Light and Heavy Stitching 
Does all kindf 
and 
Sitim Pricb of Itsclv 
Many Tim*« a Yr . AU . A Perfect 
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To Show it Mean* a Sale. Agent* 
make from $8 to #1U day. One 
acent made $20 first day and wriU-3 to burry 
machines to him. Write for special agents' price. 
Foundry Co., Fredericktown, O, 
Great Agents Supply House. 
TELEPHONES 
FOR FARMERS A SPECIALTY 
WE GUARANTEE OUR MAKE 
SEND POSTAL FOR PRICES. 
STANDARD TELEPHONE & ELECTRIC CO., 
MILWAUKEE, WIS. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 8 . 
from wet and cold by using the rubber 
wear lhat’sall rubber and hence gives 
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substitute that weakens the 
Buckskin Brand 
(Not Made by a Trust) 
Rubber Boots and Shoes 
That’s how they differ from others 
and why we put the trademark on 
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ami travellers, we put Into quality. 
Write for book, telling how made. 
To introduce, we make special offer 
to ilrst one who writes from any 
locality. 
Banner Rubber Co. 
280 Bittner St. 
St. Louis, Missouri. 
eight III bi 
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HORSE POWERS, 
THRASHERS Wood 
and CLEANERS Saws 
One&two-horse Thrashing Outfits. Level PIITTCDO 
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The WAGON to BUY. 
STEEL WHEELS ftSSrihk 
Your address on a postal will bring you free catalog. 
The Geneva Metal Wheel Co., 
Box 17, Geneva, Ohio. 
SAN JOSE SCALE 
and other INSECTS killed by 
GOOD’S 
Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3 
Endorsed by U. S. Dept, of Agri. and State Experiment 
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S701b.,3&cperib; barrel.4251b.,3)^c. Send for booklet. 
JAMES GOOD, Original Maker, 
939-41 N. Front 8treet.Philadelphia, Pa. 
CIDER 
PRESSES. 
Investigate the‘‘Monarch ’ 
Hydraulic Press before 
buying. Special Con¬ 
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Catalogue free. 
MONARCH MACHINERY COMPANY, 
41 Cortlandt Street, New York. 
It’s Easy 
to m ak'e a 
good roof,and 
it’s cheap too, 
if you use 
Arrow Brand Asphalt Ready Roofing 
No trouble, no repairs, Proof against heat, cold, 
•ain or sun. Sand or gravel surfaced. Send for 
samples, booklet and prices. 
Asphalt Ready Roofing Co., 80 Pine Street, New York 
You Can Save From $30 to 850 
“KNODIG” 
BY BUYING 
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PENDING 
OUR LATEST PATTERN PITLESS SCALE. 
MO PIT TO DIG. 8 INCHES OVER ALL. STEEL FRAME. 
This Scale is complete when it leaves our factory, with 
the exception of floor planks. Write for free catalogue. 
NATIONAL PITLESS SCALE CO., Dept. Z, KANSAS CITY, MO. 
A Never Failing Water Supply, 
with absolute safety, at small cost may be had by using the 
Improved Rider Hot Air Pumping Engine and 
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Bnilt by us for more than 30 years and sold in every country in the world. Exclu¬ 
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Send stamp for ■* C4 ' Catalogue to nearest office 
RIDER-ERICSSON ENGINE CO., 
35 Warren St., New York. 239 Franklin St., Bouton 
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Teuiente-Bej 71. Havana. Cuba. _ 
^Winchester 
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ORDER THEM AND TAKE NO OTHER 
