796 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
November 5, 
NORTHERN GARDEN NOTES. 
Hotbed Soil. —Soil needed for hotbeds 
in the Spring can best be kept in condition 
by spading up the soil and manure as it 
lies in the frames, then filling up the 
frames with leaves and covering with 
boards to keep them dry, and as a further 
protection against severe freezing. In eanly 
Spring the leaves can be easily removed, 
the sash can be put on, and with a few 
days of sunshine the little frost remain¬ 
ing will soon disappear, when the soil can 
be removed to make room for the manure. 
The above method is much better than to 
store the soil, or to attempt to thaw out 
both soil and manure. Many a hotbed 
has been a failure because of the attempt 
to thaw out frozen soil, which so thor¬ 
oughly soaked the manure underneath that 
fermentation ceased. 
Fall Preparations. —As the gardening 
season draws to a close many odd jobs 
can be done to forward the work of 
Spring. The rhubarb patch may be 
cleaned off, rubbish and a liberal forkful 
of manure put over each hill, to be worked 
in the soil in early Spring. Bean poles 
should be pulled and stripped of the re¬ 
maining vines; the poles will last much 
longer if housed under shelter or stacked 
with butt ends up. Sash should be over¬ 
hauled and repainted. Such vegetables as 
parsnips, carrots, turnips, beets and ruta 
- bagas that are to be held for later sales 
can safely be pitted. Select a well-drained 
piece of ground, covering a space of the 
desired size with leaves. The piles are 
better made conical, with not less than 10 
barrels or more than 30 in a pile; a light 
covering of long straw laid to form a 
thatch, say six inches thick, the whole 
covered with soil enough to keep the straw 
from blowing off. This will be sufficient 
until just before the ground freezes, when 
an additional six or eight inches should 
be put on, leaving a bundle of straw on 
the top for ventilation. 
Cabbage. —Where cabbage is grown in 
large quantities for Winter much of the 
crop is held in barn cellars, but where 
only small quantities are kept over they 
can be buried in the open ground. The 
cabbage selected for this purpose should 
be good hard heads, and should be pulled 
when perfectly dry, then allowed to stand 
on their heads, that whatever water may 
remain between the leaves may drain off, 
even though some of the outer leaves are 
somewhat dried; the cabbage will keep the 
better. Select a dry piece of ground, 
place the heads stump up in a row three 
wide for bottom tier, the next tier two 
wide, then topping with a single row. The 
row can then be covered lightly with straw 
to keep the soil from falling between the 
heads. The thickness of the covering 
may be determined by the severity of the 
climate. Where small quantities are kept 
for home use standing the heads up 
against the cellar wall with the roots in 
moist sand answers a good purpose, but the 
cabbage is not so crisp as if kept in the 
open ground. 
Cauliflower that has begun to form 
heads late in the season can sometimes 
be made to make quite good curds if treat¬ 
ed in the above manner, except that in 
the case of cauliflower they should not 
be allowed to dry out before putting in the 
cellar. john jeannin, jr. 
Salt for Quince Borers. 
N. R., Mt. Kisco, N. Y. —Will heavy ap¬ 
plications of salt around quinces prevent 
borers, or is this simply a tree agent fake? 
Ans. —Yes, a heavy application of salt 
around a quince or any other tree might 
prevent borers, for it would be likely to 
kill the tree. I can imagine no other 
way that the salt might prevent borers. 
I suppose this fake is worked on the 
theory that the tree takes up the salt and 
renders the sap distasteful or perhaps 
poisonous to any insects which may try 
to eat it. Possibly some of the salt might 
get into the sap, but surely not enough to 
prevent borers or any other insect from 
including the tree in its daily menu. The 
Quince borer is the same insect that bores 
apple trees. It is a very difficult insect to 
combat and no effective preventive has yet 
been devised. A wrapper of old news¬ 
papers or tarred paper closely applied to 
the base of the trunk will prevent as much 
as anything we have seen. Hand grub¬ 
bing with a sharp knife or chisel and a 
wire to reach the grubs in their burrows 
is the surest method for these borers. 
m. v. singerland. 
Preserving Apples for Display. 
J. A. R., Grand Island, Neb. —I have some 
very fine specimens of seedling apples, which 
I wish to preserve in their natural state. 
Will they keep their natural color in alcohol? 
Is there any other way to keep them for sev¬ 
eral years so they can be seen through glass? 
What is meant by crystallizing fruit, and 
how is it done? 
Ans. —It is very difficult to preserve 
fruits of any kind in their natural colors. 
Alcohol will not do it, for the color will 
fade almost at once. Three per cent of 
formalin will usually retain the colors 
quite well in apples and some other fruits 
with smooth skins. To change the solu¬ 
tion by making a fresh one about every 
year has been found of some benefit in 
some cases. A printed circular giving for¬ 
mulas for thus preserving fruit is issued 
by F. W. Taylor, Chief of the Department 
of Horticulture, Louisiana Purchase Ex¬ 
position. St. Louis, Mo. Crystallizing 
fruit is saturating it in a strong solution of 
sugar and then drying it. It requires a 
considerable knowledge of the business to 
do it well, and often requires repeated 
saturation and drying, alternately, be¬ 
fore the fruit is properly crystallized. 
h. e. van deman. 
HOW TO RID YOUR ORCHARD OF 
SAN JOSE SCALE 
PATENTED JULY 5, 1904. 
“CONSOL” 
LIME, SULPHUR AND SALT. 
Dilute One Gallon of “ CONSOL” with 
Forty Gallons of Water, hot or cold; 
Spray with any Spray Pump. 
The Result of a HALF MILLION 
DOLLARS in experimental work 
WHITE FOR BOOKLET. 
“ Valuable Information on Orchard Spraying.” 
A Pleasure to Answer Inquiries. 
AMERICAN HORTICULTURE 
DISTRIBUTING CO., 
Martinsburg, West Virginia. 
WE BEG TO ANNOUNCE 
that we have ready for Fall delivery a large variety 
of Shade and Ornamental Trees, Flower¬ 
ing Shrubs. Japan Maples, Rhododendrons, 
Azileas, Evergreens and Hedge Plants, all 
being in excellent condition. Catalogue sent free. 
KISSENA NURSERIES. 
PARSONS & SONS CO., LTD., - - FLUSHING, N. Y. 
LARGEST PEACH TREE 
GROWERS IN THE SOUTH. 
Write for our new illustrated and 
descriptive catalogue of general 
Nursery Stock. 
CHATTANOOGA NURSERIES 
Chattanooga, Tenn. 
BORDEAUX MIXTURE 
(CONCEN- 
Tol gal. add 49gallonsof water and ready for spraying 
CONVENIENT and EFFECTIVE. Costonlyll 
MONEY ORDER, REGISTERED LETTERorCHECK 
SMEDET CHEMICAL COMPANY, 
S. E. Cor. 11th and Master 8treets, Philadelphia, Pa. 
SHIP 
YOUR 
FURS 
McMillan Fur & Wool Co. 
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 
WRITE FOR CIRCULARS 
P. E. MYERS & BRO. HONORED. 
They Capture Highest Award at the Lousiana 
Purchase Exposition. 
The World’s Fair judges have awarded F. E. 
Myers & Bro., Ashland, Ohio, highest grand prize 
and gold medal for their famous line of Pumps, 
Hay Tools, etc. 
This is only another proof of the fact that every 
one who knows the best “Takes off his hat to 
The Myers.”—Adv. 
WHEN YOU DRIVE 
Do your hands get cold ? 
Let us keep them warm. A 
pairof our elegant RUSSIAN 
BEAK F U R DRIVING 
GLOVES will do it. Fire¬ 
proof. ironclad palm, soft and 
pliable. Hand lined with first 
quality wool fleece, and cuff 
with best cort'uruy. Will wear 
for years. For warmth, 
wear and durability 
tbis GLOVE has no 
equal. Also made In 
mittensl&' one-ti ngered. 
Send us the wholesale 
price, S>2, and we will 
send you a pair post¬ 
paid. if you are not 
pleased, return them, 
and we will refund the 
money and postage. 
RUSSIAN FUR CO. 
Gloversville, N. Y. 
RAW FURS AND GINSENG WANTED. 
For reliable prices send two-cent stamp. 
LEMUEL BLACK, Exporter of Raw Furs and 
Ginseng, Lock Box 48, Hightstown, N. J. 
SEND US 
A COW, 
Steer, Bull or Horse 
hide, Calf skin, Dog 
skin, or any other kind 
of hide or skin, and let 
us tan it with the hair 
on, soft, light, odorless 
and moth-proof, for robe, 
rug, coat or gloves. 
But first get our Catalogue, 
giving prices, and ourshippiug 
tags and instructions, so as to 
avoid mistakes. We also buy 
raw furs and ginseng. e 
THE CROSBY FRISIAN FUR COMPANY, 
116 Mill Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
APPIF RARRFI C —Buy now and save money 
nl I LL UnllllLLOi Robt. Gillies, Medina,N. Y. 
FRUIT 
A Large Assortment of the Finest Quality 
of Fruit, Shade and Ornamental Trees, 
at very Low Prices. We make a Specialty 
of dealing Direct with the Farmers. 
Write for Price List. 
CALL’S NURSERIES, Ferry, Q. 
^BERCKMANSco 
AUGUSTA GA 
TREES TREES TREES 
400,000 Apple, 300,000 Peach, 
50,000 Pear, 40,000 Sour Cherry, 
40,000 Japan Plums. 
Best packing, best grading, best prices, best trees: 
bestplace to buy orchards. Jobbers supplied. Ourfreo 
catalogue is meaty. No agents. Firm not impersonal. 
Woodview Nurseries, B. 3, Mb. Holly 8prings, I’a 
RAY PEACH 
New to the market but very choice. 
Fully tested, 10 years a record bearer. 
Stock limited. Order early. Every 
fine variety in our matchless peach cli¬ 
mate. Fine new catalog. Write for it. 
Harrison’s Nurseries,Box 29, Berlin, Md 
IMS TREES 
X OO varieties. Also Grapes, Small Fruits etc. Beet root¬ 
ed stock. Genuine, cheap. 2 sample currants mailed for 
10c. Desc. price Use free. Lewis Hoeseh, Fredoniu, N. Y. 
KFRUITBOOK 
shows in NATURAL COLORS and 
accurately describes 216 varieties of 
fruit. Send for our liberal terms of distri- 
r bution to planters.—Stark Bro’s, Louisiana, Mo. 
KEVITT’S PLANTS 
GOOD ENOUGH FOR ME. Athenia, N. J. 
PPflrU a' 1 '* Other fruit trees at wholesale prices. 
rLHWIl free. It. S. JOHNSTON, Box 4, Mod 
Brice list 
ON, Box 4, Stockley, Del. 
APPI F TRCPQ —100,000 cheap. Catalog FREE 
Hi ILL I nLCO Peach, Fear. Plum and Cherry 
W. T. MITCHELL & SON, BEVERLY, OHIO. 
TRFFQ $5 PER 100. FREIGHT PAID. 
name and Fumigated. All kinds of tr 
^ Catalogue free. m rnvuir xt.t 1 ? ^ 
Apples. Pear, Plum, Cherry, Peach and 
Carolina Poplars. Healthy, true to 
trees and plants at low wholesale prices. 
RELIANCE NURSERY, Box 10, Geneva, New York. 
HOYT’S NURSERIES 
and no more complete line of “ A 1 ” stock grown in the United States. Fruit Trees, Shade Trees and 
Ornamentals. Write us about your Fall planting—advice based on experience of three generations, free. 
Catalogue for the asking. 
STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS CO. f NEW CANAAN, CONNECTICUT. 
Originating Double Violets. 
S. G., Hillman, Wash. —How are double 
violets originated? 
Ans. —The double violets now in culti¬ 
vation have generally originated as seed 
or bud “sports” of single kinds when un¬ 
der high cultivation. They seldom pro¬ 
duce seeds, but occasionally a little pollen, 
which can be used to pollinate single 
flowers that have been emasculated by 
cutting out the anthers before they have 
opened A small percentage of the result¬ 
ing seedlings may be expected to produce 
double blooms and possibly a valuable new 
variety might result. _ 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. Thev enrich the earth.— Adv. 
S AVE YDUR BACK 
Save time, horses, work / 
and money by using an 
I Electric Handy Wagon 
1 Low wheels, broad tires. No 
I living man can build a better. 
" Book on "WheelSense’’free. 3 
(Electric Whet*Co. Bx 88 Quincy,Ilf. 
WE LEAD THE WORLD 
We are the largest manufac¬ 
turers of Grooved and Plain 
Tire Steel Farm Wagon 
Wheels in America. Ws 
guarantee our patent 
Grooved Tire Wheels to 
be the best made by anybody 
anywhere. Write us. 
HAVANA METAL WHEEL CO. 
BOX 17 HAVANA, ILL* 
and. 
for late Fall or Spring shipment; we grow all the commercial sorts in large quantities, 
they are strong, thrifty, longer lived—you may wonder why; get our catalog—it tells. 
Th.© Patterson INTursery Oo., Stewa.i*tstown, 3?ft 
est. .884. DWYER’S NURSERIES, est. I88 4. 
Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Vines, Shrubs and Plants, in all the standard 
and new varieties. Write to us for our free, descriptive, and illustrated catalogue. 
T. J. DWYER & CO., Orange County Nurseries, Cornwall, N. Y. 
X 1ST Grl GOING! 
Metz Spy, Bothwell Grimes, Powell Spitz, Sutton, Baldwin, 
and other leading sorts bred from selected bearing parents are now sold close, and we will have 
very few, if any, of many leading sorts for Spring unless reserved now. Why wait until Spring, pay 
more, and take what you can get elsewhere? Why not give us your orders now, with deposit, and have 
what you want reserved for Spring shipment? We can ship now if you prefer. Write us what you want. 
Fall is the BUSINESS time to BUY your trees. 
The Tree Breeder. ROGERS ON THE HILL, DANSVILLE, N. Y. 
Hyacinths, Tulips, Crocus, Narcissus, Lilies, &c 
Oub New Bulb Catalogue is sent free. It tells 
all about the best bulbs, also seasonable seeds 
and plants, including our celebrated grass mix- 
DULBS 
tures for the lav 
FOR FALL 
PLANTING 
lawn 
and pleasure ground. 
_ HENRY 4. QUEER, Philadelphia, Pa. 
DO YOU SHIP APPLES? 
If so, allow us to call your attention to the 
SOUTH SIDE CALIFORNIA APPLE BOX. 
SOUTH SIDE MFG. CO. 
PETERSBURG, VA. 
