1904. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
GREENING APPLES IN NEW ENGLAND 
R. P. L., Massachusetts. —1. Will you ad¬ 
vise me as to the comparative value of the 
Rhode Island Greening, Palmer Greening, 
Harvey Greening and Bottle Greening? 
Wherein do these varieties differ? Which 
will do the best in New England? The Rhode 
Island Greening is too spreading and droop¬ 
ing to suit my purpose. Are the other above- 
named varieties an improvement in this 
respect; that is, more erect, upright growers? 
I do not find the llarvey Greening listed by 
any of the nurserymen. Are trees of that 
variety to be obtained? 2. When a resident 
of western New York I was familiar with a 
variety of apple known there as the “Greasy 
Pippin." I do not find it listed by any of 
the nurserymen. Was that merely a local 
name? Could it have been the Holland Pip¬ 
pin? 3. Does the Fall Pippin succeed in 
New England? 
Palmer Greening is somewhat like Rhode 
Island Greening, although the fruit is round¬ 
er, more yellow and somewhat earlier, and a 
better quality for eating out of hand, but not 
so good for storage. The Harvey apple is al¬ 
together different and should not be called a 
Greening. Bottle Greening is a nice dessert 
apple, but not profitable for the market. I 
am not acquainted with a tree of the Bottle 
Greening, but the other three have much the 
same habits; that is, the trees are spreading. 
The Harvey apple is sometimes called Fall 
Harvey, and is grown for the market in Maine. 
Very likely some nurserymen in that State 
could furnish trees. [pkof.] f. a. waugh. 
As regards Rhode Island Greening, Palmer 
Greening and Bottle Greening, the first is 
probably worth far more than both the others 
as a variety for profit or general planting. 
The Palmer does fairly well in Massachu¬ 
setts. It is not quite so low-spreading as 
the R. I. Greening. I cannot find any refer¬ 
ence to an apple called Harvey Greening. 
If Fall Harvey is meant it is a very different 
fruit, ripening in September and October. 
This is grown extensively in Maine. If the 
Inquirer for Greasy Pippin will call for 
Lowell from almost any New York nursery¬ 
man he can get it. The first name is by no 
means local, and most nurserymen would 
know the variety by that name. Aside from 
scab the Fall Pippin does as well in southern 
New England as in other sections. 
Connecticut. a. g. gullet. 
There is no Greening that will supersede or 
is better than tiie Rhode Island Greening for 
general purposes. For an amateur the 
Palmer Greening is fine; it is a well-flavored 
dessert apple, but the tree is a rather poor 
grower, and as a commercial apple will not 
compare with the R. I. Greening. The Bottle 
Greening is a strong-growing variety; the 
tree is erect and not spreading like the R. I. 
Greening. The tree bears fairly well; fruit 
of good size, hut quality not as good as the 
R. I. Greening. The Harvey Greening I do 
not know anything about; think it is a 
local variety. The Greasy Pippin is the 
same as the Lowell, Tallow Pippin and 
Orange. This variety we used to grow 
in our nursery, but discarded it many years 
ago, as there was little or no call for the 
tree. The Holland Pippin is a different apple 
from the Greasy Pippin. The Holland Pip¬ 
pin is called by some the Summer Pippin ; it 
ripens from August 1 to September, and is 
a fine apple for that season. It looks well 
and sells well. The Fall Pippin does well 
in New England, and with good care (as all 
apples should have) it is one of the best of 
its season, October. edwin hoyt. 
Connecticut. 
None of the other Greenings mentioned in 
the inquiries of R. 1’. L. is equal to the 
Rhode Island Greening as a market or family 
apple. There is a richness of flavor in that 
variety which is not possessed by any other 
apple. Put to produce that quality the fruit 
must be frown on rich and rather moist land. 
The treed are too spreading for gardens, un¬ 
less gro'Vn on dwarf stocks, and though 
we have fruited them in that way I cannot 
from experience favor or condemn that mode 
of cultivation. Its wide spreading habit 
makes it one of the most difficult trees to 
grow in the nursery, but by staking and tying 
straight bodies can be produced. Either of 
the other varieties mentioned would be more 
upright in their habit of growth. Contrary 
to the universal demand for straight trees, 
one of our customers in his order for 25 
R. I. Greenings wrote: “I want trees with 
crooked bodies; they tell me that they bear 
better.” If there is any preference in faVor 
of productiveness, no doubt the advice was 
correct. Fall Pippin is a tree of vigorous, 
upright habit, and the fruit is one of the 
best in size, shape and flavor. It succeeds in 
all the New England States. If the form 
of the tree corresponds with the contour of 
the apple the trees would be large and glob¬ 
ular in shape. The Palmer, Winthrop and 
Bottle Greenings, which we formerly culti¬ 
vated on another farm, did not possess any 
merits which seemed to entitle them to a 
place in the catalogue of apples, already 
much too long. I am told, however, that the 
Winthrop Greening in Kennebec County, Me., 
has warm friends, and all of the Greenings 
may have local merits which have not come 
to my knowledge. j. w. adams. 
Massachusetts. 
LADDER FOR APPLE PICKERS. 
For an apple picking ladder vve like one 
made from a young slim spruce like 
diagram. Leave point about two feet 
long and put on iron ring to keep from 
splitting, and spread 24 or 30 inches ac¬ 
cording to length of ladder. 
Maine. a. w. batciielder. 
A Simple Seed Tester. —A circular 
from the U. S. Dept, of Agriculture de¬ 
scribes the simple method of testing seeds 
shown in diagram. The circular states: 
“As long as seedsmen disclaim any form 
of guarantee with seeds they sell it is 
necessary for the purchaser to be able to 
estimate the quality of what is offered. 
The percentage of seed that will grow 
can easily be determined by means of a 
simple tester. Mix the seed thoroughly 
and count out 100 or 200 seeds just as they 
come, making no selection. ' Put them 
between a fold of cotton flannel or some 
similar cloth, taking care not to let the 
seeds touch one another. Lay the cloth on 
a plate, moisten it well but do not saturate 
it, cover with another plate and keep at a 
temperature of about 70 degrees F. On 
the second and third days take out and 
count the sprouted seeds. Good seed 
should germinate 90 per cent or more in 
three days. 
Fertilizing a Peach Orchard. 
J. K. M. L., Hollidaysburg. Pa .—I am in¬ 
terested in a large peach orchard, and have 
been contemplating purchasing Canadian 
wood ashes, but find that they will cost $10 
per ton. The thought struck me that a fer¬ 
tilizer containing a high percentage of nitro¬ 
gen would answer the purpose as well and 
be more economical. What is your opinion? 
Ans.—T his calls for figuring. What 
can you buy muriate of potash for? Sup¬ 
pose we say $45 a ton. You buy 1,000 
pounds of actual potash in the ton of 
muriate, which means a cost of \ l /z cents 
a pound. What will acid phosphate cost? 
Perhaps $13 for a ton containing 14 per 
cent of phosphoric acid. That means 280 
pounds or about 4 Y\ cents a pound. These 
figures will vary according to prices in 
your market. In the average ton of wood 
ashes there are 100 pounds of potash and 
35 pounds of phosphoric acid. You can 
buy the potash for $4.50 and the phos¬ 
phoric acid for $1.75, a total of $6.25. The 
ashes also contain about 600 pounds of 
8i3 
lime. Does your soil need lime? If so, 
can you buy it cheaper than $12 a ton, 
which is what it will cost you if you buy 
it in the form of wood ashes? If you 
use the ashes, some form of nitrogen 
should be used with them.' On some 
strong soils fine ground bone, one part by 
weight to Jwo parts of the ashes, will give 
excellent results. On poorer soils more 
nitrogen and of a more soluble form must 
be used. Nitrate of soda will answer. It 
can be scattered around the trees if by 
June they do not show thrift. On fair 
soil peaches do not require a high per cent 
of nitrogen. If you use too much you 
will have too much wood growth, with 
the fruit soft and poorly colored. The 
ideal way to fertilize the peach crop would 
be to use either wood ashes or muriate 
and acid phosphate to supply the potash 
and phosphoric acid. Put this on in 
Spring and in late Summer. For nitrogen 
use nitrate of soda in small quantities sev¬ 
eral times through the season as needed. 
A man must have good judgment and 
thorough knowledge of the needs of a tree 
to fertilize in this way. The comparative 
cost of plant food in various fertilizers 
can be found by figuring the cost of a 
pound of potash in muriate, a pound of 
phosphoric acid in acid phosphate, and a 
pound of nitrogen in nitrate of soda. 
Projecting Barn Foundation. 
L. R. P., Plattsburgh, N. Y .—I do not want 
the foundation of a barn I am going to build 
to project into the cow stable. Would it be 
right to lay the sills close to inner edge of 
foundation, and let the wail project out from 
the building if it ’were cemented on top of 
wall? The wall will be of stone, and about 
three feet above ground and stable floor. 
Could not a layer of cement and gravel with 
the surface standing out and down be laid 
on top of wail to protect it? 
Ans. —Yes, you can build the entire pro¬ 
jection on the outside, and in no wise 
affect the strength or efficiency of the 
wall. Use three parts sand to one of ce¬ 
ment for finishing the slanting top sur¬ 
face. The appearance of the building is 
not damaged by this construction. 
H. E. c. 
Lime and Sulphur for San Jose Scale. 
In Oregon. —In regard to the lime, sulphur 
and salt wash, I have used it two years and 
have found it very satisfactory. Some of my 
trees were very badly affected, but are now 
practically clear. While I don't think the 
scale can be exterminated, yet an annual ap¬ 
plication will render it practically harmless, 
at least in this section. e. b. 
Cleone, Ore. 
In Pennsylvania. —I know that Banner 
lye with flowers of sulphur and lime for the 
San Jos6 scale has been used successfully. 
Salt Is not a necessary ingredient, and per¬ 
haps only increases the sticking power of the 
mixture, making it adhere longer to the trees. 
A successful fruit grower near this city has 
successfully treated his peach trees for the 
San Jos6 scale before the buds burst, and ob¬ 
tained a fine crop of peaches, notwithstand¬ 
ing the fact that his trees were entirely in- 
crusted last year. He used a good quality of 
lime with enough water to slake it without 
drowning, putting in the sulphur at the time 
of the slaking, and getting the benefit of all 
the heat thus generated by them, adding a 
little of the lye at a time, to keep up the 
heat until the mixture had changed to a brick 
red color, showing that the sulphur and lime 
has entered Into the proper combination. He 
then added water enough to dilute it to the 
desired amount, and applied It as a spray to 
his trees. Ills formula is about as follows: 
Lime, 25 pounds; sulphur, 15 pounds; lye, 
5 one-pound cans, and water, 60 gallons. It 
was made in a common wooden barrel, such 
as an old whisky or oil barrel, and was kept 
covered with old carpet, excepting when nec¬ 
essary to open It for adding material or 
stirring. The heat thus generated made the 
proper mixture without having had other 
heat by fire, but it requires care to make this 
preparation properly. There is probably 
nothing better or cheaper to kill the San Jos6 
scale than the lime-sulphur-salt wash, thor¬ 
oughly boiled. [prof.] ii. a. surface. 
Harrisburg, Ta. 
THOUSANDS HAVE KIDNEY TROUBLE 
AND NEVER SUSPECT IT, 
Mrs. £. A U5T//V. 
An interesting letter to our readers 
from Mrs. E. Austin of New York City. 
Brooklyn, N. Y„ Nov. 9th, 1902. 
A little over a year ago I was taken with 
severe pains in my kidneys and bladder. 
They continued to give me trouble for over 
two months and I suffered untold misery. I 
became weak, emaciated and very much run 
down. I had great difficulty in retaining my 
urine, and was obliged to pass water very 
often night and day. After I had used a 
sample bottle of I)r. Kilmer's Swamp-Root, 
which you so kindly sent me on my request, 
I experienced great relief. I immediately 
bought of my druggist two large bottles and 
continued taking it regularly. I am pleased 
to say that Swamp-Root cured me entirely. I 
can now stand on my feet all day without 
having any bad symptoms whatever. You are 
at liberty to use this testimonial letter if you 
wish. Gratefully yours, 
19 Nassau St. 
The mild and prompt effect of Dr. Kil¬ 
mer’s Swamp-Root, the great kidney, 
liver and bladder remedy, is soon realized. 
It stands the highest "for its wonderful 
cures of the most distressing cases. Re¬ 
commended and taken by physicians, used 
in hospitals and endorsed by people of 
prominence everywhere. To prove what 
Swamp-Root will do for you a sample 
bottle will be sent absolutely free, by mail, 
also a book telling all about Swamp-Root 
and its wonderful cures. Address Dr. 
Kilmer & Co., Binghamton, N. Y., and be 
sure to mention reading this generous 
offer in New York City Rural New- 
Yorker. 
If you are already convinced that 
Swamn-Root is what you need, you can 
purchase the regular fifty-cent and one- 
dollar size bottles at the drug stores 
everywhere. Don’t make any mistake, 
but remember the name, Swamp-Root, 
Dr. Kilmer’s Swamp-Root, and the ad¬ 
dress, Binghamton, N. Y., on every bottle. 
UHION LOCK POULTRY FENCE. 
Is strongest and best by every test Our low prices 
will surprise you. We ship from mills In Conn . 111., 
Calif., and guarantee prompt delivery. Write to-day 
for FREE catalogue of Farm, Lawn and Poultry Fence 
Case Bros., 12-18 Main St- Colchester. Conn, 
EUREKA INDESTRUCTIBLE FENCE POSTS. 
Cheap as cedar. Made where used. No freight to 
pay. Great inducements to Agents to work territory. 
For terms, etc., address, with stamp, 
, J. W. WYNKOOP, It. R. No. 4, Erie, Pa, 
SICHOR COILED 
iPRING WIRE FENCE 
EXCEL 
ALL OTHERS. 
Adaptthemselves to hills and hollows, Nowisthe op¬ 
portunity for low prices. Wesell direct atwholesale. 
Coiled Spring, Soft Galvanized and Barb Wire, etc. 
The Anchor Fence & Mfg. Co.. Dept. D ,Cleveland, O 
rBmM&ais , 
--- showing ti Kf sty iv 
THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE CO. 
Cleveland. Ohio 
TO SHOW YOU THE STEEL 
used In Page-Wire top wire, will send, free. 
Paring Knife made of It—and catalog. Write 
Page Woven Wire Fence Co., Box 76, Adrian, Mich. 
Has your boy plenty of staying power? 
Grit, courage, strength, finishing power are essential these days. 
The reason why doctors so often order Ayer’s Sarsaparilla for 
thin, pale, delicate children is because it supplies these essentials. 
It makes the blood pure, rich, and red. Sold for 60 years. iowelf, m 
