Vol LXII1. No. 2861. 
NEW YORK, NOVEMBER 26, 1904. 
$1 PER YEAR. 
WESTERN N. Y. FRUIT FARMS. 
Spraying as Necessary as Plowing. 
On page 697 we printed pictures of a 
fruit farm in Wayne Co., N. Y. Shortly 
after we received the following note: 
You have a farm scene in Wayne Co., 
New York, also a Ben Davis apple or¬ 
chard in full bloom. I send you pictures of 
the farm residence of Maple Row Fruit 
Farm, at Medina, Orleans Co., N. Y., also 
a portion of the Baldwin orchard on said 
farm in full bloom, and a view of the 
Maple Row and a portion of said orchard. 
Prior to 1901 this orchard of 20 acres 
bore but very little fruit; in 1902, 1903 
and 1904, after giving the orchard good 
care by pruning, spraying and plenty of 
barnyard manure, it produced three crops 
of fruit; in 1902 something like 1,600 
barrels, in 1903 1,800 barrels, and this 
year, 1904, fully as many if not more than 
either. In 1902 the orchard was sold for 
a cash value of $900. The purchaser did 
the picking, packing and furnished the 
barrels and boarded the help. In 1903 
the orchard was again sold for a cash 
value of $1,000, the same buyer doing the 
same work, while we did the hauling to 
cold storage, evaporator and cider mill. 
We feel amply paid from our orchard. 
This year. 1904, we have by far the best 
and smoothest fruit of the three crops, 
and we know it pays to care for our 
orchard. There we get the largest rev¬ 
enue from a farm of 165 acres. We know 
from experience that it pays, and pays 
well, to prune* spray and feed the orchard. 
We also have a small quince orchard 
that has been cared for somewhat the 
past two years as compared to years 
gone by, yet we should have done more 
spraying. We have the quinces, yet we 
see the effects from not more thorough 
spraying. harry m. scott. 
AN INDIANA ORCHARD. 
Been Cared For and Results. 
TREES AND PLANTING—This 
orchard was planted 15 years ago with 
standard varieties of apples, intended 
mainly for home use. It is located upon 
clay upland, in a good state of fertility, 
having a very slight southwestern expo¬ 
sure, with good frost drainage. The 
trees were planted 40 feet apart each way, 
in good-sized holes, filled in with the soil 
previously taken out, which was thor¬ 
oughly tamped in about the roots, the 
body leaning slightly to the southwest. 
I he trees, 50 in number, were medium¬ 
sized two-year-olds, from piece-root 
grafts, with the branches well cut back. 
Raspberries and blackberries were set in 
the rows, with strawberries between. 
I hese were thoroughly cultivated during 
the Summer, with a mulch of straw in 
the Winter, which was left on the ground. 
Care was taken that these plants were not 
set too close to the trees, a space of 
three or four feet at first, and later six to 
eight feet, being left on each side of the 
rows. 
When it became necessary to reset the 
strawberries, some other cultivated crop, 
such as potatoes or corn, was grown for 
AN ORLEANS CO., N. Y., FRUIT GROWER’S HOME. Fig. 386. 
SHEEP IN A WESTERN N. Y. BALDWIN ORCHARD. Fig. 887. 
A VIEW AT MAPLE ROW FARM. Fig. 38S. 
one or two seasons, to fit the ground for 
berries again. This treatment was con¬ 
tinued until the orchard came into bear¬ 
ing, which was eight years after setting. 
Since that time no other crop has been 
taken from the ground. It was partially 
seeded with clover, and Timothy and 
Blue grass have since come in, the latter 
now predominating. This growth of 
grass has been mowed once or twice each 
year and left upon the ground, but has 
not been piled about the trees. 
GROWTH AND CONDITION.— 
During the first or-second year after the 
trees were set out, a northeast storm 
came when the ground was wet, and blew 
the trees over until many of them lay 
nearly flat on the ground. They were 
straightened up, the dirt tamped about 
them, and now show no evidence of dam¬ 
age from this storm. Most of these trees 
now spread something like 20 feet, with 
lower branches touching the ground, and 
at this writing, November 1, they are 
green and healthy looking as one could 
wish. Out of the 50 only two have died—- 
one while young, perhaps from injury, the 
other two years ago, from some root 
disease. No manure or fertilizer has 
been applied except that used on the 
strawberries and other crops grown, be¬ 
ing one or two light coats of stable ma¬ 
nure, with light applications of raw bone 
meal sown broadcast on the growing 
crops. The trees have never been se¬ 
verely pruned, but each year the branches 
that seem to be useless or in the way of 
others are removed. 
SPRAYING.—The first attempt at 
spraying in this orchard was four years 
ago, when the merits of knapsack and 
compressed air sprayers of four or five 
gallons’ capacity were being largely ad¬ 
vertised. A little experience with the 
former convinced me that life is too 
short to spray orchards in that way. With 
the latter, which the agent boldly as¬ 
serted would throw a spray 30 feet high, 
I found that, given a sufficient amount 
of material and plenty of time, I could 
sprinkle the leaves and branches fairly 
well, but failed to get much of the mix¬ 
ture to stick on the little apples where 
I wanted it. Later I bought a No. 5 
barrel sprayer, and used it in a barrel 
mounted on an old cultivator frame and 
wheels. This was fairly satisfactory, but 
this season I built a tank of ordinary 
pine flooring, using two thicknesses for 
bottom and ends. This tank is half 
round, with two partitions extending to 
within six inches of the bottom, and holds 
about six barrels. It has proved to be 
very satisfactory, as standing upon it, 
with a 10-foot extension rod, all parts of 
the tree are quickly and easily covered, 
and with a good helper a half day’s work 
suffices to prepare the mixture and go 
over the orchard thoroughly from one 
side of the trees. A certain kind of scale, 
called the greedy scale by some, appeared 
in small numbers last year, and I tried to 
get all the infested limbs and burn them, 
but evidently several escaped, for they 
were quite numerous last Winter. 1 used 
the lime, salt and sulphur, with caustic 
soda added, and did not boil the mixture. 
