1004. 
863 
TIIE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
For full information fill out this coupon or write 
The Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States, 120 Broadway, N. Y„ Dept. 125 
Please send me information regarding your new Issue of Gold Bonds. 
Base figures on a block of $.issued to a man.years of age. 
Name 
Address 
EQUITABLE 
HENRY B.HYDE 
FOUNDER 
J.H.HYDE 
VICE PRESIDENT 
J.W. ALEXANDER. 
PRESIDENT 
BLIZZftRD & HORSE ICE CALKS 
Sharpen your own horse* * No watting at the smith s* 
Liberal prices to agents. 8 W Kent, Cazenovia N Y 
Hope Farm Notes 
Cold Blood. —I have a raft of questions 
on hand. Let’s see if we caii float a few of 
them. Here is one from Missouri which we 
may think over: 
‘‘I threw six large wagon loads of turnips 
with tops on in a pile. I let them lie for 
four days. In cutting the tops off then they 
were hot, and wilted. I thought the turnip 
such a cold-blooded vegetable, it would not 
heat.” J. B. 
Missouri. 
I have called the turnip a “cold-blooded" 
vegetable, because it will sprout and grow 
before the ground is warm in Spring, and 
barely crimps a leaf at a frost that would 
kill potatoes, beans or other _ “warm¬ 
blooded” plants to the ground. Yet there 
is nothing that will not “warm up” if you 
apply heat enough to it. Ice is pretty cold¬ 
blooded hut put it in a boiler over a tire and 
see it change to water and then to steam. 
What we call heat is an increase in the 
movement of the atoms of which a body is 
composed. All substances are composed, of 
millions of molecules or tiny atoms. A scien¬ 
tist with more time for .figures than I have 
has estimated that a cubic inch of water lias 
SI,310.000,000,000,000 molecules from which 
a plant could draw plant food. That gets 
It down pretty fine, but the turnip is nearly 
110 per cent water. These tiny molecules are 
always in motion. As they increase in mo¬ 
tion and move faster and faster the condi¬ 
tion known as heat arises. You can see 
that when water is “heated” in a steam 
boiler. A part of this rapid movement in the 
molecules of steam can lie turned into work 
to turn our machinery. When the damp tur¬ 
nips were thrown together in a pile a form 
of fermentation was started and "heat” re¬ 
sulted just as it does when cold, damp clover 
hay is put into a barn or cold, wet cornstalks 
are put into a silo. All “cold-blooded” 
things—from a turnip to a man—may lie 
said to have their molecules moving about 
at a dignified pace. It is always possible to 
kick the dignity out of them and set them 
to running. The trouble is that when you 
heat up cold human blood suddenly you gen¬ 
erally start work which fries to turn the 
wheels of progress backward. 
Using Bacteria. —A Jerseyman comes 
forward with the following: 
“To whom should I apply for bacteria to 
inoculate soil which is to lie seeded to Al¬ 
falfa? Should I simply address the Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture, or some member of this 
Department? Is there any charge for this 
bacteria? Is the bacteria which is recom¬ 
mended for the several different crops one 
and the same thing, or is there a different 
kind for eacli crop? d. w. 
No use talking—the desire to know more 
about these bacteria is warming up at a live- 
lv pace. No question of modern farming is 
calling out more discussion just now. I’rof. 
Geo. T. Moore, of the Department of Agri¬ 
culture is the bacteria boss, if I may use 
such an expression without starting the 
molecules of his feelings into a too rapid 
flight. Prof. Moore invented ttie method of 
distributing the bacteria, and then made the 
patent over to the Government. The man 
who does a tiling of that sort is a greater 
benefactor than the general who wins a 
great battle. Think how the common people 
would he helped and uplifted if other in¬ 
ventors would break down monopoly and 
give their great gifts straight to the people . 
You must remember that these bacteria 
are used only on tlie legumes or pod hearing 
plants. Such plants as clover, beans, peas 
and others produce their seeds in pods. They 
have tlie power of absorbing nitrogen from 
the air -that is, the little bacteria do it for 
them—the work shop being on the roots. A : 
different: form of bacteria works on each dir- I 
ferent crop—such as beans, clover, or Al- 1 
fa if a. I have been asked to “tell ail about , 
this,” and may try. though I hesitate to 
step in to try to explain where the scientific 
men have evidently failed to make tilings 
clear. 
that the commission, while doing some good, 
lias failed to help as was expected, because 
it has no power to enforce the rules it may 
make. It may hear testimony and decide 
that a rate or practice is unfair, but. that is 
about all it can do except report, that case 
to the United States courts. Suppose a rich 
man hired you to run his farm. You take 
hold and lin'd that workmen are stealing feed 
and obtaining all kinds of “graft.” You 
catch them at it, and undertake to run them 
off the farm. They laugh in your face, and 
tell you that no one can discharge them or 
make them stop except the boss or his 
brother. Imagine the position you would he 
in, and you understand why the Interstate 
Commerce Commission makes such slow head¬ 
way. You see Congress authorized tlie Com¬ 
mission hut limited its authority, and greater 
powers can only come from Congress. Thus 
you see the situation. There may be those 
who think it dangerous to give this Commis¬ 
sion greater powers. I do not—I think the 
danger lies in tying a string to the leg of a 
good watch dog. I consider it the duty of 
all good citizens to help force Congress to 
give this Commission power to enforce its 
own rules. 
Farm Notes. —There is hardly room to 
speak about home matters. Charlie and his 
family have started for Florida. He will get 
busy with a piece of land in preparation for 
planting potatoes and string beans. The 
land has been out of use for some years, and 
will need grubbing, plowing and fencing. 
He will also look around for some liens and 
get some of those early pullets started. The 
Madame and the children will follow later. 
The Madame is thinking about taking the 
public school at Uncle Ed’s place. It is 
strange that the first offer of a school she 
ever had over 20 years ago was from a man 
in Florida who was certainly as had a speller 
as you would want. Our family is small 
now', hut we try to keep the molecules ac¬ 
tive. . . . . ' . The freeze came earlier 
than usual this year. When the folks started 
for Florida there was a thick crust on the 
ground. It melted and froze again. That's 
had for the strawberries, which should have 
been covered early. We mulch them to stop 
the freeze and thaw in the Spring but the 
same tiling in the Fall is just as had. On 
with the mulch.Philip is busy 
hauling wood, moving the mulch from the 
trees and getting things shipshape for Win¬ 
ter. There are fuel-eating days coming, and 
we want to be prepared to stuff them full. 
Windows will l>e mended, cracks and holes 
covered, and everything made ready to give 
Jack Frost a had hump when lie puts ins 
nose at a hole.Our experi¬ 
ence with limoid and kerosene was quite 
satisfactory. My main object in using it 
now was to see if a 10 per cent mixture 
would hurt foliage or fruit buds. It did no 
damage, but did kill a large proportion of 
tlie scales. In February or March I snail 
use a 15 per cent or 20 per cent mixture 
and cover tlie trees well. While we are not 
seriously afflicted with tlie scale I intend to 
act. as though we were. "Be ever on guard T 
.ill who use limoid and kerosene must be sure 
that the two are thoroughly mixed. T am 
suspicious of the mixture I made with Hip 
hoe and paddle. While it did no damage I 
should lie afraid to try it in this way with a 
larger per cent of kerosene. I am going to 
get a small bucket pump and give it an awful 
shaking up. Otherwise there will lie more or 
less "free kerosene’ which will do damage. 
The kerosene must go hand in hand with the 
limoid. If vou let it go on the tree alone it 
may kill both tree and scale. Here is a case 
where freedom Is dangerous. H. w. c. 
HMY » REPEATING RIFLE 
Famous d* O RA 
SPENCER. 
, .50 Caliber. Rim fire. 7 shot nt!« 
* .carbine. NEW. 800 yards range. Automatic Rector. 
Ball or Blank Cartridge!, >l.SO per 100. 
U. 8. GOVERNMENT SPRINGFIELD 
>»-^allber30. Model 66 Breech Uadtof CttUr fire Rifle. Auto- 
.lector. Scctcecble. B.ll or BUnk cuuMim • »&» P« >«■ 
RRATKftT STOCK in THK Dealer* supplied. Any of the 
i JliSvllBSSil ISTHK O.. Woo bo* or Ko.otior «IU> Or<l«- 
t<Y LINE. Governments and foe Tern, 
Interstate Commerce.—Tfe R. N.-Y. has 
had much to say about the Interstate Com¬ 
merce Commission and I am asked to tell I 
what it is. Another case of starting up the I 
molecules. I am not a statesman, and would 
prefer to dodge such questions, but I will give 
my understanding of it. Interstate com¬ 
merce or traffic is that in which people in 
two or more States are interested. An arti¬ 
cle sent from Boston to Chicago would he a 
part of such commerce because it passes 
through several States to reach its destina¬ 
tion. When after the Revolution the American 
States were hound together into a Union the 
binding was not done willingly. Each State 
was jealous of its own rights, and gave up as 
little authority as it could to the general 
Government, it was not love that brought 
them together, but fear that if they remained 
separated England, France or Spain would 
eat them up one at a time. It was agreed 
among other things that the general Govern¬ 
ment or Congress should have "power to regu¬ 
late commerce among the several States. 1 he 
framers of the Constitution intended to 
cheek State legislatures from exercising any 
arbitrary power. One State might have tried 
to raise a “tariff wall" against another, or 
denied another the right to send freight or 
passengers across its territory. At that time 
there were no railroads and few. if any 
canals, and no one dreamed of our Pres¬ 
ent corporations or traffic monopolies. 'IIhe 
object of the Constitution was to harness the 
power of the States, while the danger finally 
came from the unrestricted power of pri- 
vate corporations who have obtained control 
of transportation. It is too a long a story 
to tell here in full, but as railroad lines were 
extended, and traffic between the Fast and 
West increased, it was found that great 
abuses had grown up. Some shippers were 
favored at the expense of others. There were 
no uniform rates, and while the public pro- 
vidod the business of the railroads, it had no 
right to say how that business should be 
carried on. In principle it was nearly as had 
as the situation years ago in France, when 
the Government farmed out to various monop¬ 
olies the right to supply the public with 
necessities. Some 30 years ago efforts be¬ 
gan to secure Government control of the 
interstate commerce. As usual there was a 
division of opinion as to what should he 
done. Western men as a rule wanted to 
prohibit all “pools” or combinations, to re¬ 
duce rates to an equal mileage basis, and to 
let the United States courts settle the eases 
which might arise. Eastern men preferred a 
special commission to regulate rates and were 
not generally in favor of prohibiting “pools. 
The result was a compromise, the western 
men accepting the idea of a commission and 
the eastern men agreeing to regulate “pool¬ 
ing.” This then was the origin of the in¬ 
terstate Commission. I can only add now 
Pay you in hard cash,{in comfort 
and in pleasure if you use 
—me— 
Angle Lamp 
because its liuht is so far superior to any¬ 
thing else. It has eliminated the trouble 
common to ordinary lamps and all other sys¬ 
tems. It is the nearest approach to light per¬ 
fection because of its splendid shadowless 
light, ease of operation, cleanliness and 
economy—one quart of oil burns 18 hours. 
Why lie bothered with the smoke, odor and care of 
lamps, with the expense of gas and electricity, with the 
danger ofgasolineand acetylene? The Angle Lamp Is 
better from every standpoint. It is sold on 
THIRTY DAYS TRIAL. 
Send for catalog No. N. N. and we will tell you all. 
THE ANGLE MFC. CO., 
78-80 Murray Street, New York. 
RUNNING WATER MS 
The Niagara Hydraulic Ram 
is a complete success where the 
windmill is impossible: the gas¬ 
oline englaeimpracticable. If 
you have a runniiiR stream 
within a mile, we will under¬ 
take to put water where you 
want It. 
In use by U. S. Government. 
Our catalogue Is free, and tells 
you how to do it. 
Niagara Hydraulic Engine Co., P. 0. Bjx 78, Chester, Pa. 
WHEN YOU DRIVE 
I)o yotir hands -get cold ? 
Let its keep them warm. A 
pairof our elegant RUSSIAN 
15 K V K F U K DRIVING 
GLOVES will do it. Fire¬ 
proof. ironclad palm, soft and 
pliable. Hand lined with Urst 
quality wool fleece, and cuff 
with best cor' ur<.y. Will wear 
for years. For warmth, 
wear aud durability 
this GLOVE has no 
equal Also made in 
m itte ns’&' one-fl ngered. 
Send us the wholesale 
price, #2. and we will 
send you a pair post¬ 
paid. If you are not 
pleased, return them, 
and we will refund the 
money ami postage. 
RUSSIAN FUR CO. 
Gloversville, N. Y. 
SEND US 
A COW, 
Steer, Bull or Horse 
hide, Calf skin, Dog 
skin, or any other kind 
of hide or skin, and let 
us tan it with the hair 
on, soft, light, odorless 
and moth-proof,for robe, 
rug, coat or gloves. 
But first get our Catalogue, 
giving prices, and our shipping 
tags and instructions, so as to 
avoid mistakes. We also buy 
raw furs and ginseng. 
THE CROSBY FRISIAN FUR COMPANY, 
116 Mill Street, Rochester, N. Y. 
I PAY 
When you have a chance now to 
decide right at home on your farm 
whether it will pay to own a gaso¬ 
line engine? We will ship you a 
3horse power 
Woodpecker 
Gasoline Engine 
on 30 Days Free Trial. That means that you won’t be influenced in 
making up your mind by anything except the merits of the engine itself. 
The engine will have to prove itself for you. You can make it work for you, 
grind feed for you, pump water for you, saw wood for you. You can call in 
your neighbor to see it. You can test it to see how much and how many 
different kinds* of work it will do in a. day, and then you can sit down and 
figure out whether it is going to make money for you. When you have done 
ail of these things then decide about keeping the engine. If you don’t want 
it, send it back. 
■HI _ AII nn because thousands of farmers have bought 
ne IvIclKC I VIIS UTTBP the 3J4 h. p. Woodpecker engines on our 
plan and have found that they soon paid for themselves. Don’t wait until next year or 
next month. AVe know that you will find you can use it right away. And on our plan we 
take all of the chances. We are just asking you to write and let us tell you allot the facts. 
We will tell them to you without any going around the barn or any humbug. 
Why don’t you begin the 30 Davs Trial now and not wait until you are worn out 
doing yotir hard work by hand? Send in your name for the whole story. A postal will do. 
« Woodpecker, 99 Main street office , Middletown i, Ohio. 
We make all sizes up to 44 horse power. 
