1904. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
9o3 
“GRADING UP.” 
I wish to name four characteristics that 
a breeder of purebred cattle should pos¬ 
sess in order to be successful: p'irst, the 
power of discriminating any slight varia¬ 
tion; second, patience that will endure 
for years; third, good, sound judgment; 
fourth, honesty. One of the chief reasons 
why we find so few really successful 
breeders lies in the fact that they lose 
heart as soon as prices go down, and con¬ 
sequently go to breeding a different type 
of cattle. This, however, is just the 
time for a person to go into the business, 
since good animals can be purchased at a 
low price. If we take a ride through the 
country we will notice a great diversity 
in type and color markings in a great ma¬ 
jority of herds, showing that the owner 
has given the subject of grading up very 
little attention, or else he has changed the 
breed type too often. In grading up a 
herd the breeder should, first, choose the 
particular breed that he wishes to produce. 
Second, purchase as good a male specimen 
of that breed as his means will allow. 
Third, breed the bull to grade cows, and 
as soon as his means will allow purchase 
a purebred female or two. By following 
this system and adhering judiciously to 
the principles of selection and variation 
a man with small means can in the space 
of a very few years become the possessor 
of a fine herd of not only high grades, 
but also in the meantime he will be build¬ 
ing up a herd of purebreds. 
Michigan. paul n. flint. 
THE HAND SEPARATOR AT HOME. 
Benefits of the System. 
I keep 25 cows, and separate the milk with 
a hand separator. It takes 15 minutes twice 
a day to separate the milk. A team comes 
for my cream. I find it a saving in time 
and the separated milk is worth 50 per cent 
more to feed than milk that I would get from 
the creamery. The checks average about 
the same as for milk delivered to the cream¬ 
ery. If I had to deliver my milk again I 
would make beef of my cows. l. d. s. 
St. Albans, Vt. 
It appears to me there is such a strong 
preference for home separation that there is 
not much argument. We live five miles from 
the creamery, but if it were only half the dis¬ 
tance the separating can lie done at home in 
less time than it would take to carry it, be¬ 
sides the wear and tear and want of man 
and team or horse on the farm. With 
home separation the milk is warm and ready 
to feed to the calves, which is very good with 
the addition of a handful of wheat bran. As 
for drawbacks, I cannot see any in home 
separating, but plenty of them in the other 
way. The cream gatherer, as we call him, 
comes thrt'e times a week in cold weather and 
four in warm, and he brings us our butter 
from the creamery, so we have no trouble of 
carrying. I have been in tills creamery over 
eight years and have always been well satis¬ 
fied with it. w. d. h. 
Clinton, Conn. 
I prefer to separate my milk at home be¬ 
cause I have warm and sweet milk for the 
calves and pigs, which I think is much better 
for them than to haul it a mile or two to the 
creamery and bring it back sour, which it 
generally is in warm weather. Ily separating 
it at home you have the milk morning and 
evening. By sending it away you have sour 
and very often thick milk to feed in the even¬ 
ing. J think it is less trouble than to take 
it to the creamery and much quicker done. 
We have tried it both ways and find the 
warm and sweet milk will more than pay for 
the separator, besides the time lost in going 
to the creamery every morning. At the pres¬ 
ent time we take our cream twice a week. 
As far as skimming is eoncrned one can 
skim it as close at home as at the creamery 
if he understands his separator. s. b. w. 
State College, Pa. 
For 20 years this creamery has taken the 
cream only from the farms, sending teams 
after it. At present there are 63 farms 
visited three times a week throughout the year. 
Three teams are employed, and it costs about 
$85 per month. During 1903 the butter 
churned was slightly over 120,000 pounds, 
and over $1700 worth of cream was 
sold for making ice cream. After paying all 
expenses, over $30,000 was divided among 
these 03 farms, payments being made month¬ 
ly. Please remember that the farmer's only 
lookout was to produce sweet, clean cream, 
and it was taken at the door and the month¬ 
ly check left at door. This creamery is co¬ 
operative, the capital stock being $2,500, on 
which 0 per cent interest is paid, and the 
stock is owned by the farmers. Nearly all 
the farmers still use the Cooley system of 
deep cold setting. At the January meeting of 
the Connecticut Dairymen's Association a sam¬ 
ple of the regular make of butter from this 
creamery was scored at 96 points. A sample 
from two other creameries within five miles, 
run along the same lines as this scored'97% 
points each. This is sufficient answer to the 
fear expressed by Thos. F. Rutherford on 
page S27. There's money tucked away in our 
“abandoned farms” and cream and apples 
(baked if you choose) and poultry will find 
it. with the right family to direct operations. 
S. T. STOCKWELB. 
Supt. Simsbury, Conn., Creamery. 
TUBERCULOUS COWS. 
There have been some cases of tuberculosis 
in cattle in an adjoining town, and some 
cattle have been killed, but my herd has al¬ 
ways been healthy. Can a State veterinary 
come here and test my cattle without my 
consent? Is the test for tuberculosis a fair 
test? Does it show that the cow is affected 
with this disease, or just shows that the 
cow is diseased in some part of her body, as 
cut or bruised? Are humans liable to catch 
this disease by using milk or butter from 
cows so affected? d. j. c. 
Brasher Falls, N. Y. 
State inspectors may test your herd if it 
seems desirable to do so. The tuberculin 
test is a fair one. It consists of injecting 
a fluid into the cow and keeping watch of her 
temperature. If, after the test is made, the 
cow’s temperature rises, it is evidence that 
the disease is present. It may not make 
the cow dangerous, and she ought not to be 
killed except when a physical examination 
shows that she is badly diseased. The test 
would not show results from cuts or bruises 
on the cow. Milk or flesh from badly dis¬ 
eased cattle is not safe for human food. 
GRAIN FOR POULTRY. 
What is the experience of any ponltryman 
in feeding rye, buckwheat or barley to poul¬ 
try, for egg production, also for flesh-form¬ 
ing food? Does the analysis of these grains 
indicate their feeding value as compared 
with wheat or corn? r. 
Boston, Mass. 
You ought to own a copy of The Business 
Hen. That contains tables of analysis and 
facts about different, grains. The following 
table shows how rye compares: 
Pounds in TOO 
Muscles makers. Fat formers. Pure fat. 
Rye .10 67 1.1 
Wheat .10 69 1.7 
Corn . 8 67 4.3 
Buckwheat . 7.7 49 1.8 
Oats . 9 47 4.2 
Barley . 9 65 1.6 
If we go by analysis alone rye would seem 
about equal to wheat, but the hens will not 
eat rye readily, and they do not thrive on 
it. We would not buy it for poultry. If 
we grew it we would grind it and feed it to 
hogs or horses, mixed with other grains. A 
small quantity of buckwheat is helpful to the 
hens, but it will not answer for the entire 
grain ration. It would affect their skins 
and feathers about as an exclusive diet of 
buckwheat cakes would affect a man. Bar¬ 
ley is excellent for poultry food. 
BUY DIRECT FROM FACTORY, BEST 
MIXED PAINTS 
At WHOLESALE PRICES, Delivered FREE 
For Houses, Barns, Roofs, all colors, and SAVE Dealers 
profits. In use 61 years. Officially Endorsed by the 
Grange. Low prices will surprise you. Write for Samples. 
0. W. INGERS0LL, 346 Plymouth St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
%Hunf 
% 
Hunters’ & Trappers’ Guide *£SS* 
300 pages,cloth bound,illustrating all Fur Aoim&ls. 
All about trapping, Trappers’ Hecreta, all kinds of 
St raps,decoys, etc. Price, $1.60. To hide and fur ship¬ 
pers, $1. We buy Raw Pure, Hides* Price List free. 
ANDKRSCH RKOS.« Dept. 128 flinneapells, Mir" 
~FURS n 
McMillan Fur & Wool Co. 
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 
WRITE FOR CIRCULARS 
ITrite 
■s for 
Tree Catalog 
ifallklnds 
ICF. 
FOOLS. 
ICE CUTTING SffBWSft 
time. RED* WHITE AHD BLUE ICE PLOW t»» 
first class, keen, fast cutter, having our Patent 
Clearing Teeth. Specially adapted to the useof 
Prices Low. Dairymen, Butehen, 
Hotels and Farmer.. 
wtt now co; 
Made in all sizes. 
■‘AMES PLOW COMPANY, 
MMarketSt.Boston.Maaa 
IMPERIAL ICE PLOWS 
and full line of 
Ioe> Tools. 
Send for illustrat’d circulars 
J. S. WOODHOUSE, 
191 Water St., New York 
ICE 
CUTTING ‘Vim 7 
DORSC1I A11 Steel, Double- 
Row ICE FLOWS. Marks and 
cuts two rows at a time ; cuts any size cake 
and any depth, and does it with ease aud economy. 
Does the work of twenty men sawing by hand. Pays for itself in 
two days. No farmer, dairyman, hotel man or other can afford to 
be without it. Ask for catalogue and introductory prices. 
John Dorach&Sonn. 22 6 Wells St..Milwaukee,WI a- 
POULTRY 
>000000000 
We 
keep ev-2 
_ _ __l erything in the 1 
^POULTRY LINE— Fencing, Feed, Incu¬ 
bators, Livestock, Brooders—anything— 
jit’s onr business. Call or let us send you3 
>our Illustrated Catalogue—it’s free for the j 
)asking—it's worth having. ( 
(Excelsior Wire Sc Poultry Supply Co.,< 
>Dept. H.GL 26 & 28 Yesey Street. New York City. < 
ooooooooooooooooooooooooc< 
Do Your Hen? 
Lay 15 Dozen 
Eggs a Year ? 
The best layers each produce 15 doz¬ 
en or more eggs a year. While the 
number of eggs that a hen can pro¬ 
duce depends considerably upon 
proper care and feeding, yet the 
digestive apparatus is the all import¬ 
ant factor in egg production. 
DR. HESS 
POULTRY 
PJUSI-A-CE-A 
is not a condiment, but a scientific 
poultry tonic, formulated by Dr. 
Hess (M.D.. D.V.S.). It is She 
guaranteed egg producer. It cures 
diseases as nothing else can. Fed 
regularly according to directions, 
the poultry yard will be kept im¬ 
mune from disease, and at its high¬ 
est earning capacity at all seasons of 
the year. Costs but a penny a day 
for 30 to 60 fowls. 
1J lho. 25c, mull or ( 
cxprcHM 40c 
5 lb*. 60c < 
12 ll»s. $ 1.25 
25 lb. pull *2.50. ' 
Except In Canada 
anti extreme 
Went and South. 
Sold on a Written Guarantee 
Send 2 cents for Dr. Hess 48 page 
Poultry Book, free. 
DR. HESS & CLARK. 
Ashland. Ohio. 
INSTANT LOUSE KILLER KILLS LICE. 
Veterinary 1701717 
vAdvice f KHiEi 
Dr. S. A. Tuttle, a veterinary sur¬ 
geon of long experience has writ¬ 
ten a book entitled “Veterinary 
Experience” on the diseases of 
horses, giving symptoms and 
treatment in plain terms. It is 
fully illustrated with diagram, 
showing the skeleton and cl 
. latory and digestive systems 1 
Preferences that make them p 
►Tells how to buy a horse 
know whether it is sound or not. Every horse o 
should have one. It is seftt to any one. 
TUTTLE’S ELIXIR 
la the only guaranteed cure for Colic, Curb, recent 
Shos Boll, and Callous. It locates lameness, relieves 
and cures Spavins, Ring Bone, Cockle Joints. Grosso 
Ho.I, Scratches, Catarrh, etc. Send today and get the 
book free and information about Dr. Tuttle’s specifics. 
Tuttle** Elixir Co. 30 Beverly St. Boston, M&ss* 
* Avoid all blisters: they are only temporary relief. 
"of the BEERY BIT 
rouR dits in one: 
Cures Kickers, Itunaway*, Fullers, 
Shyers, etc. Send for lift on Ten 
Days* Trial and circular showing 
the four distinct ways of using it. 
Prof. Beery, Pleasant lliil, Ohio. 
A Lady can hold him. 
Make your own Fertilizer at small cost with 
Wilson’s Phosphate Mills 
From l to 40 H. P. Send for catalogue. 
WILSON BROS.,SoleMfrs.,Dept. X Hasten, Pa. 
OU’RE LOOKING 
for just such machines 
as Miller’s 
Ideal Incubators 
and Brooders. Sent on 
30 DAYS TRIAL. Abso¬ 
lutely automatic. Test It 
yourself. Big poultry and 
poultry supply book Froe. 
J. W. MILLER CO., Box 97 1 Freeport. III. 
SHOEMAKER’S BOOK 
.n POULTRY 
and almanac for 1905, contain* 224 
paged,with many fine colored platcuof 
row Im true to Ilf©. It tells all about chickens, 
their care, diseases and reined es. All about 
I.NOUBATOKS and howto operate them. 
All about poultry houses and how to build 
them. It's really an encyclopaedia of chickon- 
dom. You need it. Price only 16c. 
C. C. SHOEMAKER, Box 813, FREEPORT, ILL. 
The ORMAS & Brooders 
Low in price. Fully guaranteed. 
Send for free catalogue. 
BANTA MFG. CO* U60N1ER. INDIANA. till Catalag 
telln howto make money 
—How to raise young chicks 
for early springmarkets when 
prices are high. How to make 
a profit on ducks. How to 
feed for heavy fowls. How 
to make hens lay. Why not 
get an adequate return from 
poultry? Why not try modern 
methods this year? 
Why not learn about incuba¬ 
tors and brooders from a firm 
who have been in business since 
1867 .and who know how to make 
satisfactory machines? Write us 
for the book today. It is free. 
GEO. ERTEL CO. # 
Quincy, Ill. 
■1 
Farmer’s Favorite 
Feed Cooker 
Is the model for cooking feed 
and best adapted to water heat¬ 
ing, soap, apple butter and 
sugar making, etc.—a score of 
Uses. It’s made to last. Weight 
greaterthan any o' - her cooker 
of same low price. Write to¬ 
day for circular. Sent free on request. 
L. R. Lewis, ]2 Main St. Cortland, N.Y. 
COOK YOUR FEED and SAVE 
Half the Cost—with the 
PROFIT FARM BOILF" 
With Dumping Caldron. r * 
kettle in one mi--' 
and h“"‘ 
circulars. 
. uu., Batavia, 111. 
Green bone is the greatest egg producer 
cetT^ MANN’S 
Model Bone Cutter 
On 10 Days’ Free Trial. 
No money asked for until you prove our 
guaranty that Matin'** Latent will cut 
all kinds of bone easier, faster and in bet¬ 
ter shape than any other. If not, send it 
back at our expense. ^ Isn’t that better for 
you than to pay cash in advance for a ma¬ 
chine you never tried? Catalogue free. 
F. W. MANN CO., Boi15 .MILFORD,MASS. 
$ I 0-80 For 
I J. 200 Egg 
.INCUBATOR 
Perfect in construction and 
action. Hatches every fertile 
egg. Write for catalog to-day. 
GEO. M. STAHL, Quincy, III. 
Fine Birds 
Our 100 breeding pens show fancy stock 
that has prize winning blood bred iu 
them. All the leading varieties oi 
Chickens, Turkey., Duck, and Cee.a, 
Rare birds for fanciers from select matings. 
Prices low for high quality. Poultry cata¬ 
logue 4c. Incubator catalogue free. 
DesMoInts Incb. Co., Dep. 90 OetMolnes.fa 
PRAIRIE STATE 
INCUBATORSAND BROODERS 
acknowledged by experts to be the 
most protltable machines made. 
Winners of 385 First Prizes. Write 
tor free catalog with proof and val¬ 
uable information for beginners. 
Prairie State Incubator Co. 
Box 406, Homer City, Pa. 
THE “GEM” MONEY MAKER 
hatches chickens at a lively rate—live 
chickens too—that live and grow 
into money. Our catalogue tells of 
“Gem” features no other Incubator 
has. Write for copy — It is free. 
GEM INCUBATOR CO. 
Box 48* Dayton, Ohio 
CHICKS THAT LIVE 
get strong and healthy—gain 
steadily in weight, are chicko 
hatched in Reliable Incubators. 
The Reliable 
provides automatically a constant 
current of odorless, warm air at a 
uniform temperature—chicks pip, hatch and thrive un¬ 
der its nature-like conditions. Send 10 cents and get 
our 20 th annual catalog—full of poultry information. 
Reliable Incubator and Brooder Co., Box B-101 • Quincy, 111. 
