934 
THE RURAL 
NEW-YORKER. 
December 31 , 
Live Stockand Dairy 
FEED FOR WOOL 
Anyone who has kept his eye on the 
wool market will have noticed that it has 
been strong and upward all season; also 
that the Australian wool clip is very much 
less than usual. That from our own coun¬ 
try is steadily declining, consequently we 
may look for good( not high) prices for 
our wool next Spring. Now is the time 
to get the fleece. If the flock is so poorly 
fed this Winter that all the nourishment 
they get goes to sustain their bodies and 
support the unborn lamb, the sheep will 
grow very little wool. A little extra grain 
given during the Winter will be more than 
paid for in the increased weight of wool 
sheared next Spring. I know of two 
flocks very nearly alike, in breed, size, etc., 
on two adjoining farms. One was fed lib¬ 
erally and sheared over 7 ' 1 / pounds of 
wool, besides the carcass would have sold 
for $1 more per head. The other was 
scantily fed (“got through the Winter”). 
'1 hey sheared about five pounds at 22 cents 
per pound. The price received for the 
wool alone paid for over 50 pounds of 
grain, or one-half pound per day for 100 
days, and the condition of flesh was all 
clear gain. edward van alstyne. 
HENS IN A TOWN LOT. 
I have lived on a farm all my life, but farm 
ehicKens are not the best chickens,’ even if 
most of our Presidents do come from the 
farm. Father was always too busy making 
money with the crops to pay particular atten¬ 
tion to the chickens or a garden. Some 
chickens just grow like Topsy, while others 
receive more care and attention than the chil¬ 
dren in many poor families. I was married 
last Summer and left the farm for a home in 
the village. A portion of the back yard was 
put into tomatoes, and when the first frost 
■came and we knew our beautiful tomato 
vines, which had been so much of a pleasure 
as well as profit, must perish, we began to 
think how we could continue to utilize the 
ground. The garden nearby had been put in 
celery and lettuce to make the ground do 
double duty, which it can so easily do in the 
Garden State, Jersey. Wo decided on raising 
eggs for Winter use if possible. The little 
tomato patch was fenced in to preserve and 
keep clean our pretty back lawn. The back 
Part of the woodhouse had previously been 
used for poultry, and opened into our pen. 
There was also a shed facing south in which 
fowls could sun themselves. The house was 
made warm by spending many spare minutes 
with hammer and nails and boards. It was 
made clean with whitewash, and just as 
everything was ready an uncle decided to 
give us two nice pullets as a wedding present. 
My husband then bought four more just like 
them, and November 7, with six pullets, we 
felt that we had family cares. I was told 
the combs must get large and red before they 
would lay, and they were watched with im¬ 
patience. They were fed with corn and 
scraps, and after a time were given a warm 
breakfast. December 2 we found the first 
egg; December 4 we found two eggs, and thus 
the good work goes on. Eggs are three cents 
apiece. The chickens certainly are not eating 
their heads off. as the saying goes. The uncle 
>f whom we bought them, with a flock of 60, 
Vs only getting one egg a day. A few hens, 
tnd well cared for. is one secret of success. 
I wish everyone might get as much enjoyment 
out of a few chickens as we do. c. j. s. 
POULTRY ON SHARES. 
What do you consider would be the right, 
amount of eggs and chickens we ought to 
have? The place is' owned by a New York 
man, and my wife raised the chickens and 
fed them, lie furnished the feed and of 
course owned the poultry. What amount or 
percentage do you think we ought to get for 
the care and raising of the poultry. e. p. 
Connecticut. 
Mapes on a Poultry Share. 
In order to get at an intelligent answer to 
the above we should consider first, that the 
owner furnishes all the feed. What propor¬ 
tion of the income does this represent? The 
majority of authorities that have come under 
my notice place this at. 50 per cent. That 
is, to produce $2 worth of eggs or chickens 
it requires about one dollar's worth of food. 
He also furnishes all the capital invested In 
poultry and buildings, and should have a 
fair return for the use of this capital before 
there is any profit to divide. On the other 
hand, the other party furnishes all the labor, 
and should get enough to pay for the time 
consumed. Any returns in excess of these 
three items may lie counted as profits, and 
an equal distribution of these ought to be 
satisfactory. I have known a few such cases 
where the owner furnished the hens and all 
the feed, as in this case, and gave the tenant 
one-half of the receipts. The owners found 
this a losing game, however, and soon tired 
of it. Other cases I have known gave one- 
tliird to the person furnishing the labor and 
two-thirds to the one furnishing the feed and 
capital. This was fairly satisfactory to 
both, and is probably about right in the ma¬ 
jority of cases. A good deal will depend on 
the skill of the person who has the care of 
the hens. An owner might well afford to 
give a greater share to a skillful worker, and 
a poor worker might well be dear at any 
price, since the feed and capital invested 
represent more than half of the expected in¬ 
come, and with poor management might leave 
no margin at all for labor after these two 
items are provided for. o. w. marks. 
A Good Horse. —In the story on page 906 
of the stealing and recapture of my horse Ben 
I stated that he “had developed an intelli¬ 
gence almost human.” 1 want to justify that 
remark by relating a few experiences with 
him. My daughter drove into a friend's yard 
—with whom we were shipping eggs—and 
when she was ready to leave noticed a clothes 
line across the exit. It was so low that she 
spoke to the lady, asking if she thought Ben 
could go under it. Ben started and walked 
just far enough to clear the line, then stopped 
and turned his head around and looked at 
my daughter, as much as to say : “See ! I can 
go under all right.” She was not in the 
buggy and hadn't spoken to the horse. Liv¬ 
ing on a side road where there are few teams 
passing we often let him loose to feed on the 
abundant grass, and sometimes lie comes to 
the door, steps up on the stone step and 
takes the door knob in his mouth and shakes 
the door until some of us come and give him 
a cracker or cookip or something to eat. He 
does it entirely of his own notion: we never 
attempted to teach him any such thing. An¬ 
other clothes line experience that woulu have 
resulted in my death with most horses is this: 
Being on court duty in Tolland, I left my 
team in a friend's barn, and it was after 
dark when I went for it. A little girl held 
a lantern for me until I got harnessed, then 
she went in the house, and I started to drive 
out to the road, not seeing a double wire line 
that just caught my carriage top and turned 
the carriage over so the front wheels were 
exactly over the hind ones and the back of 
my head was on the ground and my feet up 
In the air. I was terribly frightened, for I 
realized that on that stony road my skull 
would be fractured in a minute if the horse 
should run. So I sung out. “Whoa Ben, stand 
still, boy,” and clambered out. The under 
part of the carriage was pressing against 
Ben and he was trembling with fear; stand¬ 
ing on the hub of the wheel I couldn't reach 
to loosen the traces and had to unbuckle them 
in front, then unfasten the holdback straps, 
and all this time the quivering horse, respon¬ 
sive to my voice, would not stir a foot until 
I took him by the head and said: “Come 
Ben,” when he jumped about ten feet, fear¬ 
ing that what he was holding up would fall 
on him probably. Mow many spirited young 
horses would answer to their master’s voice 
like that? Mrs. S. came out at my call to 
pull down the shafts while I lifted on the 
top, but we could not get the carriage down 
until I got two blocks of wood and blocked 
the wheels, thus proving that if Ben had run 
my life would have ended probably in a min¬ 
ute. Is it any wonder that we love him or 
that my wife's plaint when he was stolen was 
not the loss of the horse, but the fear that 
"Ben would be abused.” Coming down a long 
hill in the dark he stopped and refused to 
move when ordered; we got out and found 
the girth broken and the shafts over his 
ears. Another time, going home from the 
Grange with three in the buggy, the strap 
holding up the breast collar unbuckled and 
he pulled us up a steep hill and home with 
the breast collar just above his knees. Some¬ 
times he will take my wife’s hand in his 
mouth and squeeze it a little, then when she 
says, “Ben, don’t you bite me,” she asserts 
that an expression exactly like laughing 
comes into his eyes, and he will release her 
hand and proceed to lick it. But I must 
stop; so many things come into my mind 
about Ben that I could fill pages of Tiie R. 
N.-Y. about him, but what I have written 
shows how intelligent he is. 
GEO. A. COSGROVE. 
Sawdust and Shavings in Manure. 
S. T).. Syracuse, A T . Y. —Should I haul shav¬ 
ings manure on my farm? I have been a lit¬ 
tle cautious in regard to drawing shavings 
manure on my place, as I had the opinion 
that it was injurious to the ground and crops. 
Ans. —The prejudice against sawdust 
and shavings in stable manure does not 
seem to be well founded. I presume 
where sawdust is applied to the soil in 
very large quantities it might result harm¬ 
fully, but the amount that would be used 
in ordinary dressings of stable manure 
would produce very little effect. During 
the seasons of 1895, 1896 and 1897 plat 
No. 16 of a series of experiments tried 
here received annually at the rate of 10 
tons per acre of manure, in which shav¬ 
ings or sawdust was used as absorbent. 
Plat No. 17 received the same amount of 
manure in which cut straw was used as 
absorbent. In order to test the question 
as to whether these additions of sawdust 
or shavings injuriously affected the future 
crops observations were made during the 
season 1897, 1898, 1899 and 1900, the'plats 
growing barley or oats .during these sea¬ 
sons. The following table gives the results 
of this observation. In three out of four of 
these years the plat receiving the manure 
which contained the shavings yielded larg¬ 
er crops than the plat receiving straw ma¬ 
nure There was a rapid falling off in 
crop during these years, but this was par¬ 
tially due to unfavorable seasons, as well 
as to a probable deterioration in fertility. 
It seems to me that these figures demon¬ 
strate conclusively that sawdust or shav¬ 
ings used in moderate quantities ’do not 
bring about any specially injurious effect 
in the soil. These plats contained one- 
twentieth acre each. 
Grain Straw 
bn. per lbs. per 
Year crop. Plat. acre. acre. 
1897 barley. 16 (shavings) 45.8 .3,200 
17 (straw) 47.8 2,905 
1898 barley. 16 40.6 3,650 
17 38.7 3,340 
1899 oats. 16 21.8 3,700 
17 16.25 3,8S0 
1900 barley. 16 13.5 
17 12. 
Cornell University. j. l. stone. 
FARM 
L. E. ORTIZ, General Manager 
HIGHEST GLASS JERSEYS 
GOLDEN STREAMER 65000 
Son of Foufarshike out of GOT.dkV Stream 8th 
born Feb. 22.1901, and considered the best Jersey bull 
that ever crossed the Atlantic as a two-year old. 
A few choice Bull Calves for sale by GOLDEN 
STREAMER and GOLDEN FERN’S LAD out of im¬ 
ported COWS. 
Specialty— Young Bulls and Heifers, all ages. 
Also Imp. CHESTER WHITES and BERKSHIRE 
PIGS. Standard-Bred BLACK MINORCAS and 
WHITE WYANDOTTES. 
Elf Correspondence solicited. 
GEDNEY FARM, 'White Plains, X, Y. 
Cattle Sick? 
We ask only for an 
opportunity to con 
vinoe you with¬ 
out j our risking 
“"tl.Gt”* BLATCHFOHD’S OLD ENGLISH 
THUMP will cure indigestion, constipation, worms, 
I UnlU fevers, colds, and all the ordinary ailments 
of horses, cattle, sheep and hogs. Complete list of 
ingredients on every package. We know that this 
is a truly superior restorative. Our customers are 
more than pleased and we wish every practical farmer 
would judge for himself its appearance, weight and 
smell. Ask your dealer or send for free sample, 
SPECIAL TRIAL OFFER and testimonials. 
1JLATCII FORD’S CALF MEAL FACTORY, 
Dept. 52, Waukegan. Ill. 
(Established at Leicester, Eng. in 1800.) 
flCJITU TH I IPC° D HENS and CHICKS, 
UCA In I U Liu C 64-page book FREE. 
D.J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, R. I. 
IMPROVED LARGE YORKSHIRES 
hog. Pigs of all ages from imported stock for sale. 
MEADOW BROOK STOCK FARM, Rochester, Mich 
PUCCU I DCC- Youn 8 Boars, 
II CL ^3 I I I Fv EL C3 Sows and ..-month 
Pigs of individual merit and from the best families. 
E. S. HILL, Freeville.N. Y. 
piirPMinr pipe FORSALE,—From First-Prize 
UrlLOninC riUOHerd at St. Louis Exposition 
and New York State Fair. S. G .OTIS, Sherwood.N Y. 
Springbank Berkshires. 
I have some grand 11 months old Service Boars. 
Some Spring Gilts and Boars, and some Yearling 
Sows; will breed them for Spring litters. All flrst- 
Class individuals. 
J. E. WATSON, Proprietor. Marbledale, Conn. 
Large English Berkshires of choicest breeding 
for sale, males and females. Write for prices, etc., to 
ND I'WOOD FARMS, R. F. D. No. 4, Svracuse.N. Y. 
BERKSHIRES 
of the HIGHEST BREEDING at reasonable 
prices. WILLOUGHBY FARM, Gettysburg, Pa. 
Reg. P. Chinas, Berkshires and C. Whites. 
8 wks. to 6 nos., mated not akin, 
service Boars, Bred sows. Write for 
prices and description. Return if not 
satisfactory; we refund the money. 
HAMILTON & CO., Ercildpun, Chester Co., Pa. 
B erkshire and C. White Pigs, Serviceable Berkshire 
Boars, Collie Pups, White Holland Turkeys and 
Barred Rock Chickens. Stock guaranteed purebred. 
Prices away down. W. A. Lothers, Lack, Pa. 
jassaii* 
CHESTER WHITES 
Both O. I. C. and Todd strains. 
Standard bred pigs for sale. 
Honest dealing my motto.' M.L. 
Bowersox,R.3; Bradford, Dk. Co,0 
Breeders’ Directory 
STAR FARM HOLSTEINS. 
A Christmas Gift for All. 
Until January 1 , 1905. I will cut ALL regular prices 
on all registered Holstein stock, 50 per cent. This 
will enable you to make a Christmas present that will 
double In value by another New Year, and will con¬ 
tinue to double in value for years tocome. Circulars 
sent on application. 
HORACE L. BRONSON,Dept. D., Cortland, N. Y. 
Holstein-Friesian Bull Calves 
FOR SALE. 
From choice A. R. O. Dams, and by such sires as 
Beryl Waynes Paul DeKol and Sir Korndyke Manor 
DeKol. We will make attractive prices on these 
youngsters as they must be disposed of to make room 
for our crop of Winter Calves. Write for prices on 
anything needed in Holstein-Friesians. 
WOODCREST FARM, Rifton, Ulster C0..N.Y. 
uni QTFIN Rill I Q from 3 to 18 months old. A 
nULOl Mil DULLOfew choice young Cows; 
Improved Chester Whites of all ages Prices right. 
CHARLES K. RECORD, Peterboro, N. Y. 
BRILL FARM. 
HOLSTEIN CATTLE. 
Home of Lord Netherland DeKol. Great sire 
of high testing butter cows. Stock and prices right. 
E. C. BRILL, Poughquag, N. Y. 
Pf|D 0 A I C — Purebred Holstein-Friesian Bull 
rUn OHLL Calves and Scotch Collie Pups from 
registered stock. Prices moderate; write promptly. 
W. W. CHENEY, Manlius, N. Y. 
JERSEYS! 
S. E. NIVIN, 
Combination and 
Golden Lad. For 
sale 11 cows, 10 heif¬ 
ers, and 25 bulls. 
LANDENBERG, PA. 
ki 
QUALITY.” 
Registered Jersey Calves and Yearling Heifers, 
bred right, raised right, and for sale right. Ask for 
pedigrees, and for prices delivered at your station 
Satisfaction guaranteed. E. W. Mosher, Aurora.N.Y. 
YOU CAN’T AFFORD A GRADE 
when 1 will sell you a registered JERSEY BULL, 
best dairy stock; ready for service: at farmer’s price. 
K. F. SHANNON, 905 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
10 
REG. JERSEY BULLS, one month to 18 
months old. Photograph of each. 
WM. M. BIGHAM’S SONS, Gettysburg, Pa. 
(|»c C buys a registered DfiriO 
OJJH.F.Bull from KUt O 
Born April. 1904. Handsome individual. His dam is 
a large producer. His sire’s dam lias A. R. O. record 
of 20 77 lbs butter in 7 days. He wilt please you. 
II. D. ROE, Augusta, Sussex County, N. J. 
WHITE SHRIIVCS HARM 
GUERNSEY HERD. 
Headed by PETER THE GREAT OF PAXTANG, 
No. 6346, and BLUE BLOOD, No. 6310. 
Such Cows as Sheet Anchor’s Lassie. Imp. Ileanle 
7th, Lady Myrtle of Homestead,'etc. The Herd num- 
ders about 40 carefully selected animals. Registered 
and tuberculin-tested.- Breeding stock for sale at 
all times, including the cboicestof Bull and Heifer 
Calves of all ages, and at reasonable prices. For 
further particulars and catalogue, address, 
ALFRED G. LEWIS, Geneva, N. Y. 
BONNIE BRAE POULTRY FARM, 
New Rochelle N. Y. 
Breeders and shippers of high class Single Comb Pure 
White Leghorns and Mammoth Pekin Ducks. Stock 
and Eggs for sale at all times. Largest poultry plant 
in the vicinity of New York City. Agents Cyphers 
Incubators, Brooders, etc. Correspondence invited. 
SPECIAL BARGAINS, 
If ordered at once. In Cockerels, Pullets and 
Hens. We have S. C. and R. C. Brown, Bf. and White 
Leg. White, Bf. & Bid. P. Rocks, White. Bf. Silver & 
Gold Wynd., Buff Orpingtons, K. I. Reds, Minorcas, 
Brahmas,Cochins, PitGames, andallother breeds. 
MT. BLANCO POULTRY FARM, Carpenter, Ohio. 
EMPIRE STATE S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS 
won two first premiums at New York State Fair, 1904. 
Trios, $5: Eggs, $1 per 15; $5 per 100. Catalogue free. 
ZIMMER BROS., R. D. 41, Weedsport, N. Y. 
WIIITF WIANDOTTE COCKERELS, Dus- 
Wf 111 I E ton strain, purebred, farm raised, $1 to 
to $1.50each.. Grand View Farm,Stanfordville, N.Y- 
D 6 Bik. Minorcas, Wh. Brown and Bf. Legs, Bar. 
IL Ui Rocks, Wh.&Bf.Wyandottes,Reds,Sherwoods, 
Wh. Wonders, Pk Ducks, Bronze Turkeys, Cockerels; 
White Guineas. MCCAIN CO.. B., Delaware, N. J. 
90 
Var's Poultry, Pigeons, Parrots, Dogs, Cats. 
Ferrets, etc. Eggs a specialty. 60 p. book. 10c. 
Rates free. J. A. BEltGEY,Box 8 ,Telford,Pa, 
RRFD FOR F(i(iQ -Our Barred Rocks 1 ay 256 to 
Dncu run CUUO. 278 eggs a year. Pricelist 
with tacts about better methods in Breeding, Hatch 
ing and Feeding free. F. GRUNDY. Morrisonville, Ill 
JACKS FOR SALE. 
The finest lot of JACKS and JENNETS I ever 
owned. Some special bargains. Address, 
RAKER’S JACK FARM, 
Lawrence, Iud. 
HIGH CLASS 
PERCHERON AND FRENCH 
Coach Stallions ,. Scotch Collie 
Pups. E.S. AKIN, Auburn. N.Y. 
O. I. C. PIGS. 
August and September farrow. Two Brood Sows; 
registered stock. Pairs and trios not akin. Farmer’s 
prices. F. J. SCHWARTZ, East Pharsalia.N Y. 
GO—GREENWOOD HERD HOLSTEINS—<30 
Write for prices for best bred and finest BULL CALVES in America. Fine show animals one month 
to one year old. Sire contains one-half the blood of Katy SPOFFOR1) CORONA, the World's Champion 
Heifer in her class. In private, official, show, and economic records she has no equal. 
S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS, America’s leading strain for22 years. ENGLISH BERKSHIRES 
Long Distance ’Phone. E. H. KNAPP & SON, Fabius, N. Y. 
