1897 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
77 
New Jersey Agriculture. 
(CONTINUED.) 
spend too much time crying hard times, thereby, 
perhaps, making them harder. 
Dr. Byron D. Halsted, State Botanist and Hor¬ 
ticulturist, gave an illustrated lecture on the 
Principles of Plant Fecundation. He showed 
how fecundation is accomplished in many plants, 
beginning with the lower orders. He also ex¬ 
plained how hybridization is accomplished. 
Prof. John B. Smith, State Entomologist, gave a 
very interesting illustrated lecture on San Jos£ 
Scale Investigations. He was sent to California 
to investigate more particularly the parasites 
which prey upon this dreaded scale. He found 
that many of the scales still exist, though the 
stories are to the effect that they have been 
largely exterminated. California has an effective 
quarantine against imported plants. The County 
Commissioners have absolute power to inspect 
and destroy, as well as to compel the treatment 
of affected trees. A species of rhyzobius which 
has had much to do in some parts with the de¬ 
struction of the scale, is becoming common in 
New Jersey. In the Sacramento Valley, the 
farmers depended on spraying to destroy the 
scale. But the conditions here are so different 
from those in California that New Jersey must 
solve its own problem in regard to the pest. 
Geo. Abbott, of Philadelphia, gave an interest¬ 
ing account of the milk business in that city. 
Fifty years ago, milk was peddled on the street 
corners. In 1896, Philadelphia absorbed 98,000,000 
quarts of milk. When we consider that this means 
but little over half a pint per day for each inhabi¬ 
tant, we see what a field there is for increasing 
the trade. People must be taught to regard milk 
as a food—not as a luxury. The education must 
be given by farmers and dealers, and the most 
practical way is to secure pure, guaranteed 
milk, and then let people know what it is. 
Chas. W. Garfield, of Michigan, read a paper 
on Lights and Shades in Horticulture. Prof. II. 
W. Conn spoke on Impurities in Milk, and Edward 
Atkinson delivered an address on Economical 
Relations of Agriculture. W. E. Simons, of Con 
necticut, gave a very valuable stereopticon lec¬ 
ture on “ Man the Creator,” tracing the growth 
of inventive genius in the world’s great machines. 
NEW JERSEY STATE FORESTRY 
ASSOCIATION IN SESSION. 
New Jersey not only has a forestry associa¬ 
tion, but it has, for the year to come, two women 
upon its list of officers. During the annual ses¬ 
sion, held last week in Trenton, owing to the 
death of the president, the vice-president, Mrs. 
John C. S. Davis of Riverton, occupied the chair, 
and was later elected to hold it in her own right. 
The association appears to have been in a 
nearly quiescent condition as regards work, but 
faces the world with a small excess of receipts 
over expenditures, and several names added to 
its roll of members. Evidently, the members 
have a greater appreciation of what ought to be 
done, than ability to do just what is demanded. 
MARKETS. 
Saturday. January 23. 1897. 
BUTTER—NBW. 
Creamery, Western, extra* .20 @— 
Western, firsts.18 @19 
Western, seconds.16 @17 
Western, thirds.13 @14 
June extras.— @— 
8tate, fancy.18 @19 
Common to prime.13 @17 
State dairy, half-firkin tubs, fancy.15 @15)4 
Firsts.13)4 @14 
Seconds. 12 @13 
Welsh tubs, fancy.—14)£©15 
Welsh tubs, firsts.12 @13 
Welsh tubs, seconds. .12 @— 
Tubs, thirds.11 @12 
Western Imitation creamery, firsts.13 ©14 
Seconds. 11 ©12 
Western dairy, firsts.12 @13 
Seconds.— @— 
Thirds. 8 @8)4 
Factory, fancy.13 @14 
Factory, firsts.11 @12 
Factory, second - .9 @10 
Faotorv. thirds.7 @8 
Rolls, fresh.8 @14 
Old butter. 5 @ 8 
HOGS. 
Near-by,new laid,fancy, selected,per doz 17)4® 18 
State, fresh gathered, average best. — @ — 
Penn., country marks, average best. Ill @ 16)4 
State and Penn., fair to good. — © — 
Southern, fresh gathered, prime. 15 @ IB 
Western, northerly sections, fancy. 14J4@ 15 \i 
Western refrigerator, prime, early pkd. 12H@ 13 
Western refrigerator, fair, per case.2 50 ®2 70 
Western limed, defective, per case .... 2 00 ©2 40 
Western dirties, per 30-doz case.2 40 @3 00 
Western refrigerators, tasty, per case . .2 00 @2 2b 
FRUITS—GRBHN 
Apples. Baldwin, per bbl.1 00@i 60 
Spitzenberg. per bbl.1 0J@2 25 
Greening, per bbl. 80@1 60 
King, per bbl .1 25®2 00 
N. Spy, per bbl.1 00@1 50 
Pound Sweet, per bbl. - @ — 
Lady Apples, per keg. I 01@1 £0 
Nearby, open heads and common, per bbl B0@ 70 
Cranberries, Cape Cod, extra large, per bbl.5 00@5 £0 
Fancy, per bbl.4 l'0©4 50 
Good to prime, per bbl.3 00@3 50 
Defective, per bbl.1 00® 2 60 
Per crate.1 25@1 37 
Jersey, per crate . 7t@l 25 
Jersey, per bbl.3 f.0®4 CO 
Grapes, Wost'n N.Y., Catawba, per small bkt. 1C@ 12 
West’n N. Y., Concord, per small basket. 9@ 10 
Oranges. Florida, per box.2 5G@5 00 
Tangerines, Fla., per box. . .. 8 10©i0 00 
Mandarins, Fla., per box. 4 00@ B 60 
Grape fruit, per box. 4 00@ 9 00 
Strawberries, Fla., per quart. 26® 65 
GRASS SKKD. 
Clover, per 100 lbs. B 50® 9 00 
Timothy. 2 85@ 3 75 
GRAIN. 
Wheat.88 @89 
Rye.42 @40 
Barley feeding.28 @35 
Barley malting.40 @48 
Buckwheat, sliver. 35 @37 
Buckwheat, Japan.35 @37 
Corn.28)4@— 
Oats.22 @ — 
MHAT8—DRB88HD. 
Yeals, country dressed, prime, per lb_ 9)4@ 10 
Fair to good, per lb. 8bj® 9 
Com. to med., per lb. 6 ) 4 ® 8 
Small, per lb. 5 @ B 
Barnyards, per lb. 5 @ 6 
Grassers. — @ — 
Spring lambs, each.. 3 00 @7 00 
Roasting pigs, 10-25 lbs. per lb . 7 @ 10 
Pork, country dressed, 10 to 25 lbs., nor lb — @ — 
40 to 60 lbs., per lb . 6 @ B)4 
B0 to 80 lbs., per lb. 5)4@ 0 
80 to 120 lbs., per lb. 5 @ 6)6 
125 lbs and up, per lb. . 4 @ 4% 
Tenderloins, per pound. 14 @ 15 
POTATOE 
But the very existence of such a society is a pro¬ 
test against present conditions. 
Capt. Chas. Mdlvaine, of Haddonfleld, spoke on 
the supposed detrimental effect of fungi in for¬ 
ests. Many years of study over a wide range of 
forest had convinced him that toad-stools, so far 
from attacking trees injuriously, were really the 
scavengers of the woods. He refuted the state¬ 
ments of many standard works on this point, and 
stated that upon the longest-lived trees are 
many sorts of fungus. Insects are a far greater 
foe to our forests. The speaker exhibited a piece 
of charcoal from a last year’s bonfire, upon 
which a growing fungus was working to turn it 
into a fertilizer. He professed, also, to have dis¬ 
covered an antidote for mushroom poisoning, 
saying that he had lived for weeks on gutter 
mushrooms, grown near his home. It was sug¬ 
gested that fungi might be propagated in south¬ 
ern New Jersey for the reclamation of the broad 
tracts of sandy waste lands. 
Prof. B. E. Fernow, Chief of the United States 
Forestry Department, refused seriously to con¬ 
sider forest culture in a State that permitted for¬ 
est fires. He attributes these fires to a lack of 
moral perception on the part of the people. Such 
perception, if present, would show in the enact¬ 
ment of stringent laws for forest protection. A 
f ailu re to protect the forests is really a blow at 
the rights of the community at large. 
Prof. Fernow referred to the fact that 10 per 
cent of the State of Mississippi has been lost 
by the erosion of water. He stated that France 
has re-forested many thousand acres in order to 
reclaim tracts devastated by erosion, and it is 
wholly practicable here. The yearly value of our 
lumber is twice that of the products of our mines. 
Shall we not strive to conserve it ? 
New Jersey might sell every year 81,000,000 
worth of lumber which now goes up in smoke. 
Two per cent of this loss would pay the expenses 
of a forestry commission which would use all 
modern methods of conservation, and work for 
suitable legislation. 
A committee was appointed to take steps for 
incorporating the Forestry Association. The offi¬ 
cers elected besides Mrs. Davis were: Capt. A. 
Bradshaw, Lakewood, and F. B. Lee, Trenton, as 
vice presidents; Jules Glrtanner, Linden, secre¬ 
tary and treasurer; Franklin Dye, John Hall, L. 
B. Ward, Miss Susan S. Lipplncott, executive 
committee. 
Send us your neighbor’s subscrip¬ 
tion to The R. N.-Y. with his dollar 
and we will send him the paper 
one year, and send you your 
choice of these books: 
First Lessons in Agriculture, 
American Grape Training, 
The Business Hen, 
The'Nursery Book, 
TheiNew Potato Culture. 
All 
for 
$ 1 . 00 . 
Long Island, in bulk, per bbl.l 25® 1 50 
Maine Hebron, per sack.l 20@1 35 
State, per 180 lbs.. 1 00@1 12 
Jersey, per sack. .l 00©1 12 
Jersey, per bbl.i 00@1 12 
Sweets. Va., yellow, per bbl. —@ — 
Jersey, yellow, per d. h. bbl. 75@1 25 
Vineland, per bbl. .1 00@1 £0 
DRESSED POULTRV. 
Turkeys, mixed, fancy, per lb. 13)6® 14 
Young, dry-picked, per lb. — @ — 
Young, selected hens. 14 @ li )6 
Young toms, fancy, per lb.. 13 @ 13)6 
Old toms, per lb. 10 @ 10)6 
Dry packed. Western fancy, per lb.. —@ — 
Spring cmckens, Phil., selected, per lb. . 13 @ 
Philadelphia, poor to good, per lb... 10 @ 12 
8 tate & Penn., good to prime, per lb. 8 ) 6 ® 9)6 
Jersey, prime, per lb. 9 ) 4 ® 10 
Western, dry-picked, prime . 8 ® 9 
Western, dry-picked, inferior. B @ 8 
Western, scalded. 8 @ 9 
Fowls. Western, dry-picked, choice . 8 ) 6 ® 9 
State & Penn., good to prime, uer lb. 8 ) 6 ® 9 
Old cocks, per lb. 5)6® — 
Spring ducks, Del. & Md., fancy, per lb.. 13 @ 14 
Spring ducks. L. 1., per lb. — ® — 
8 prlng ducks, Western, fancy, per lb ... 12 @ 14 
Spring ducks, fair to good, per 1 a. 8 @ 11 
Geese, Maryland, per lb. 8 @ 10 
Western, fancy, per lb . 8 @ 9 
Capons, Phlla , large, per lb. 16 @ 17 
Medium, per lb . 14 @ 15 
Small and mixed weight, per lb. 9 @ 13 
Squaos, tame, white, per doz.2 75 @3 00 
Mixed lots, per doz.2 25 @2 50 
Dark and poor, per doz.1 75 @2 00 
VBGBTABLBS. 
Beets. L. I., per bbl. 75@1 00 
Florida, new, per crate. 40@ 60 
Charleston, new. per ICO bunches.3 00@4 00 
Brussels sprouts, per quart. 4@ 8 
CaoDage, L. I., per 100..3 00@4 CO 
Red, per 100. 4 00©B 00 
Red. per bbl.. B0@ 75 
Danish, per 110. 6 00@7 00 
Carrots, per bbl. 00® 75 
Celery, fancy, large, per doz. 36® 50 
California, per doz. bo@ 76 
Average, prime, per doz. 20@ 30 
8 mall, per doz. io@ 15 
Local, per doz fiat bunches . 50@1 03 
Cauliflower, poor to prime per bb’. 1 00@5 00 
Fancy, per bbl. . 6 00@7 00 
Cucumbers. Florida, per crate.2 00@5 00 
Egg plant, Florida, per ) 6 -bbl box.1 00@2 00 
Florida, per bbl.2 00@4 00 
Garlic, per 100 bunches. 6 00® — 
Kale, Norfolk, per bbl. 35@ 50 
Lettuce, Boston, per doz. 25® 75 
Local, per bbl. —@ — 
Norfolk, per bbl basket. —@ — 
Charleston, per basket. —@ — 
Florida, per ) 6 -bbl basket. £0@1 25 
New Orleans, per bbl. —@ — 
Onions, Eastern white, per bbl.4 00@G CO 
Eastern red, per bbl.3 25©3 50 
Eastern yellow, per bbl.3 00@ — 
Orange County white, per bag.2 60© 4 50 
Orange County yellow, per bag.2 0U@2 60 
Orange County, red, per bag.2 60@3 25 
Jersey and Long Island yellow, per bbl.. —@ — 
Jersey and Long Island red, per bbl _ —© — 
Jersey and Long Island white, per bbl... —@ — 
State and Western yellow, per bbl.2 40@2 60 
State and Western white, per bbl.2 6C@5 to 
Canadian red, per bbl.2 £0@3 25 
Bermuda, per crate.2 00@2 50 
Parsley, Bermuda, per crate. 1 00@1 50 
Parsnips, per bbl. 75 @ — 
Peas, Fla., per crate. 1 50@3 50 
Per basket.l 50@2 76 
Peppers, Fla., per bushel or carrier.1 00@2 00 
Pumpkins, per 100.10 00@16 00 
Spinach. Norfolk, per bbl. 50® 1 00 
Baltimore, per bbl. -@ — 
Squash. Marrow, per bbl .1 (JO® 1 26 
Hubbard, per bbl.1 00 <o — 
Florida, per crate. 7 @1 00 
Btring beans, Norfolk, per half bbl basket.. - © — 
Charleston, green, per bushel basket— —© — 
Charleston, wax. per bushel basket. —@ — 
Florida, express, per bushel basket.2 50® 3 25 
Florida, freight, per crate. 2 U0@3 00 
Wax. per crate. 2 60© 3 50 
Tomatoes. Fla., per carrier.1 6Q©3 50 
Turnips, Jersey and L. I. Russia, per bbl.... 50® 76 
Canada, per bbl. 60@ 70 
MILK AND CREAM. 
The total dally supply has been 21.220 cans of milk, 
170 cans of condensed milk and 370 cans of cream. 
The average price paid for the surplus on the plat¬ 
forms has been *1.45 a can of 40 quarts. 
The 11th annual session of the Louisiana State 
Agricultural Society will be held at Baton Rouge, 
January 27-29. The programme is varied and in¬ 
teresting. 
The New York State Sheep Breeders’ Associa¬ 
tion will meet at the Osburn House, Rochester, 
Wednesday evening, Janury 27, and continue the 
following day. The State Shropshire Association 
and the Standard American Merino Association 
will convene in annual meetings at same place 
on the afternoon of January 27. 
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE. 
Mitchell County, Kan. —I think that but a small 
amount of wheat was in the hands of farmers at 
the time of the rise, so that the farmers got but 
little benefit therefrom. Brices at present are 
about as follows : Wheat, 50 to 68 cents per 
bushel; corn, 11 cents; oats, 8 to 10 cents; hogs, 
live weight, $2.60 to $2.75; eggs, 13 cents per dozen; 
butter, 10 cents per pound; turkeys, live, 5 cents 
per pound; chickens, live, 3 cents per pound; 
young roosters, live, 2% cents per pound. We 
had a very heavy corn crop in this part of the 
State last year, and many thousands of cattle 
and hogs are being fed ; but all this seems to 
make but little, if any, impression on the low 
price. Besides the large amount shipped out, 
buyers are cribbing millions of bushels for specu¬ 
lation, while many farmers who are able to do so, 
are holding on to their corn. A large area was 
sown to wheat last fall, and as we had good fall 
rains, the crop is in very fine condition, and the 
outlook good for a heavy 1897 harvest h. f. s. 
Crimson Clover in Oats.— I have 14 acres of 
Crimson clover sowed from July 4 to September 
1; it is all looking fine. I sowed some in rape 
August 1 that looks the best. I sowed some in 
oats (seven acres), last spring; I like it so well 
that I shall not sow any oats another year with¬ 
out it. It grew 18 inches to two feet tall, and 
headed out just before the oats were fit to cut. I 
am feeding the straw. ,y. p. b. 
Flemington, N. J. 
A Potato Test.— Here are the bare facts of my 
potato variety test. Thirty varieties were grown 
on a little less than one-half acre of ground, a 
clay loam of moderate strength. Seven loads of 
stable manure were applied last winter, and the 
patch plowed and planted early in May. The 
seed was cut to one eye, and single pieces were 
planted every 15 inches in rows 33 inches apart. 
My aim was to find out what the varieties planted 
would do on very ordinary soil with good treat¬ 
ment : 
Marketable. 
Unmarketable. 
Bu. per acre. 
Bu. per acre. 
Acme. 
152 
10 
American Wonder. 
219 
21 
Alexander’s Prolific... 
179 
18 
Banner. 
306 
11 
Bovee. 
267 
25 
Burpee’s Extra Early . 
194 
29 
Brownell’s Winner... 
145 
58 
Bill Nye. 
168 
20 
Carman No. 1. 
290 
5 
Carman No. 3. 
333 
10 
Columbus. 
155 
26 
Early Norther. 
191 
18 
Early Thoroughbred.. 
256 
26 
Express. 
213 
26 
Flagle. 
255 
12 
Freeman. 
118 
27 
Green Mountain. 
169 
12 
Great Divide. 
159 
44 
Hampden Beauty. 
263 
56 
Irish Daisy. 
169 
31 
Lee’s Favorite. 
213 
45 
Livingstone. 
284 
32 
Michigan Peachblow.. 
213 
31 
New Queen. 
253 
33 
R. N.-Y. No. 2. 
323 
6 
Sir William. 
174 
21 
Troy Seedling. 
183 
50 
Uncle Sam. 
265 
13 
Vaughan. 
152 
16 
Wise. 
193 
44 
Ohio. 
c. a. williams. 
A Mightier Foe than Armies. 
OVERCOME BY A BRAVE UNION GENERAL AND HIS FAITH¬ 
FUL ALLY, DR. WILLIAMS. 
From the Sentinel, Cherokee, Kansan. 
At the breaking out of the war of the 
rebellion in 1861, General Wiles, whose 
portrait adorns our page, was Captain 
and owner of the then well-known river 
steamboat, “Charley Potwin,” plyiDg 
between Zanesville and Parkersburg, 
but he immediately disposed of his boat 
and became enrolled as lieutenant in 
the 78th Ohio Infantry. At the battle of 
Ft. Donelson, on Feb 16,1862, Lieutenant 
Wiles was promoted from lieutenant to 
GENERA r, G F. WILKS. 
lieutenant colonel, for “ brave and meri¬ 
torious conduct on the field,” and at the 
age of 36 General Wiles was colonel of 
his regiment, and while with Sherman 
was gazetted brigadier-general. 
The General lives the greater part of 
his time in Halstead, Kansas, though he 
is much in Windsor, New York, in both 
of which places he has business interests 
that require his presence. 
Some few years ago General Wiles was 
attacked by illness, which came very 
near proving fatal. Typhoid fever, fol¬ 
lowed by inflammatory rheumatism and 
then paralysis, made a temporary wreck 
of the herculean frame, and in view of 
his advanced age, his anxious friends 
believed that he was not long for this 
world. The following is his own account 
of his illness : 
“In the latter part of 1890. I was taken down 
with a severe attack of typhoid fever, which con¬ 
fined me to my bed for two mouths. Two months 
is a long time to be in bed, but I was not to get 
up yet, ior inflammatory rheumatism seized 
me, and it was worse than the typhoid, for it 
was more painful. To add to my trouble and 
make it more interesting, the inflammatory 
rheumatism was followed by a stroke of par¬ 
alysis, and I lost almost totally the use of my 
legs and arms, for I could not walk a step and 
could not feed myself. It would seem that I had 
reached the depths of misery, but such was not 
the case, for my kidneys gave out, and this 
seemed to be the last straw on the load that was 
to crush me. 
“ My friends all thought I would never recover, 
and though the doctors came to see rue and pre¬ 
scribed, it was easy to see that they were but 
trying to make my pathway to the grave a little 
more easy, without the remotest hope of recovery, 
and I looked forward to death with happiness. 
“ While in this frame of mind, I was advised by 
a friend to try Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills, and be¬ 
gan the use of them, taking one pill after each 
meal, and this I continued for one week, and be- 
van to fancy I perceived improvement in my con¬ 
dition. I then increased the dose to two after 
each meal, and at the end of the second week 
there was no doubt but what Pink Pills were 
making me better, so I kept on using them ac¬ 
cording to directions, and in three months was a 
well man.” • 
Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills are sold by all 
dealers, or will be sent post paid on re¬ 
ceipt of price, 50 cents a box, or six boxes 
for $3 50 (they are never sold in bulk or 
by the 100), by addressing Dr. Williams’ 
Medicine Company, Schenectady, N. Y. 
— AdD. 
I'ermunentiy cured l>y using UK. WHITEHALL'S KUSUHATIU UUKiS. The Intent, Rarest and best. Sample 
■<ent free on mention of this Magazine. TIIK It It. WHITKIIA 1.T, 1U KGRI3I1NIC CO., South Bend, hid. 
GARNER & CO., 
Produce Commission Merchants 
61 LITTLE 12th ST., NEW YORK. 
We have an extra demand for CHOICE CREAMER 1 
BDTTER, CHOICE CHEESE, FANCY LEGHORN 
EGGS, and FINE DRESSED TURKEYS, GEESE and 
DUCKS. Shipping Cards and Stencils on application. 
Reference: Gansevoort Bank. 
Established 1875. 
GEO. P. HAMMOND & GO., 
Commission Merchants and Dealers In all kinds of 
COUNTRY PRODUCE, Butter. Eggs, Cheese. 
Poultry. Foreign and Domestic Fruits. Consignments 
solicited 34 & 36 Little 13th St., New York. 
SOMERS, BROTHER & CO. 
PITTSBURGH, I*A. 
Fruits and Produce 
Keeoive and sell, in ear load lots and smaller 
quantities. all Prodnota of the Ornharrt, f4m.ri.n7 
Dairy, Hennery and ParniT 
Bond for our little book, ‘‘Suggestions to Shippers," Market 
Reports, Special References, Stencils, etc., all free. 
Inquiries and Correspondence Invited* 
Milk : Making and Marketing. 
E. G. Fowler. Selling Fat and Water. An 
illustrated account of the methods, herds 
and appliances of several remarkably suc- 
cessfulmilk-produclng farms.20 
