189 ? 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
io5 
WESTERN N. Y. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
REVIEW OF A SUCCESSFUL MEETING. 
The Western New York Horticultural Society, 
which covers in its sphere of operations 21 counties 
of western New York, held its 42nd annual meeting 
at Rochester, January 27 and 28. The organization 
has a membership of between 400 and 500, composed 
of wideawake, progressive fruit growers and nursery¬ 
men. Among those present from other States were 
M. B. Waite, Assistant Pathologist from the United 
States Department of Agriculture ; Prof. W. R. 
Lazenby, of the Ohio State University ; Prof. Webster 
and L. B. Pierce, also of Ohio ; Mr. Harrison, of the 
Storrs & Harrison Co., and Mr. Gardner of Missouri. 
These added much to the spirit and profit of the dis¬ 
cussions. The experiment stations were well repre¬ 
sented by members of the staff. From Geneva were 
the new Director, W. H. Jordan, Dr. Van Slyke, 
Prof. Beach and V. H. Lowe. From Cornell, Prof. 
Roberts, Dr. Caldwell, Prof. Slingerland and Mr. 
L. A. Clinton. The members of the Cornell 
faculty were accompanied by a large number 
of students from the agricultural department, 
who sat in a body during the session. It was the 
opinion of several members with whom I talked that 
a less number of subjects presented, with more time 
given for discussion, would be of more profit to the 
majority of the members and induce more to attend. 
Over 60 questions had been sent in by members, and 
they were printed in the programme, but less than 
one-quarter of them was reached. The president, 
Mr. W. C. Barry, in his annual address, congratulated 
the society on having completed another successful 
year, thanked the officers and committees for faithful 
work, especially in winning the $200 prize at the State 
Fair, reviewed the weather for the season, and closed 
with a record of the decease of some of the members. 
Prof. W. H. Jordan gave an address on The Experi¬ 
ment Station as a Factor m Modern Agriculture. He 
said that he came, not to make a scientific address, 
but to get acquainted. He seemed to feel at first that 
he was on trial before a jury ; if so, he was hand¬ 
somely acquitted, for he made an excellent impression 
on his audience, not only by what he said, but by 
the way he said it. He said that experiment sta¬ 
tions must prove their right to exist by doing such 
work as the people demand. Stations are not to tell 
men how to make more money, but to give principles 
which may be worked out by each man in his own 
way as his own needs and surroundings dictate. Sta¬ 
tions should deal in fundamentals, not details. The 
first station was started in Connecticut in 1875, and 
there are now 55 stations with over 600 workers, 
while 500 bulletins are issued each year, though only 
a small minority of farmers avail themselves of them. 
There are 400,000 farmers in New York, and only 
25,000 take the bulletins. Stations are doing a great 
deal of police or watch-dog work, especially in the 
line of fertilizers. One hundred and twenty-six 
manufacturers sell fertilizers in this State under 1,126 
different brands, and all any of them contain of 
value are the three elements of plant food—nitrogen, 
phosphoric acid and potash. The investigations 
cover more than 50 subjects, and there are over 3,000 
kinds of fruits growing at Geneva. This large num¬ 
ber enables them to study both the varieties, their 
fungoid diseases and insect pests. 
There were two papers which were somewhat on 
similar lines, The Embellishment of Home Grounds ; 
a Maximum Result from a Minimum Outlay, by Mr. 
E. A. Long, of Buffalo, and The Use of Evergreens 
for Protection and Ornamentation of Country Homes, 
by L. B. Pierce. The first essayist advised the selec¬ 
tion of trees, plants and shrubs, hardy in the North, 
of rapid growth and easy culture ; preparation of 
soil as for a lawn, setting shrubs and plants in beds or 
clumps, clean cultivation of beds while plants are 
young, no gravel walks, but the remainder of ground 
well seeded, and kept cut with lawn mower. In 
answer to a question, he recommended for a quick¬ 
growing street tree, the American elm, or the Silver 
maple. Mr. Pierce urged the use of evergreens as wind¬ 
breaks for houses, gardens, and farmyards, as screens 
for unsightly buildings or barnyards, and cited numer¬ 
ous instances where both beauty and utility were com¬ 
bined by judicious planting of evergreens. 
One of the most interesting, as well as important 
subjects of the whole session was Three Important 
Insects, Injurious to Nursery Stock, by V. H. Lowe, 
illustrated with lantern slides ; first the peach-tree 
borer. Views showed the borer in each of the stages 
of its existence—the worm or borer, the pupa state, 
and the moth which lays the egg on the bark, that 
hatches in about 10 days. No remedy or preventive 
is known which does not injure the tree. Dendro- 
lene has been thoroughly tried both at Geneva and 
Cornell, on peach, plum and apples, and in most in¬ 
stances, has killed the trees in a few weeks. The best 
or only remedy is to dig the borers out in June or 
July. Second, Woolly aphis or plant lice. These 
affect both branches and roots of young trees, being 
worse on the Ben Davis apple and Bartlett pear than 
on any other kinds. The galls or enlargements some¬ 
times seen on roots of young trees, are caused by this 
pest. As a remedy, kerosene emulsion is used on the 
limbs, and kerosene oil on the roots. Third, the San 
Jos6 scale. This disease is present in New York, Del¬ 
aware, Maryland and Ohio, also on Long Island. The 
scale will live through our winters, and is very diffi¬ 
cult to eradicate. Whale-oil soap, two pounds to a 
gallon of water, will kill all it covers, but some are 
certain to be missed, and Mr. Willard and others 
urged the necessity of the utmost care and watchful¬ 
ness for this pest, or our business is ruined. He said 
that it must be fenced out by legislation, if necessary. 
Mr. Slingerland then spoke on Insect Pests of 1896, 
also illustrating with views. The canker worm has 
ruined several hundred acres of apple orchard in west¬ 
ern New York the past season. One or two sprayings 
with Paris-green, in June, will effectually check this 
pest. It is easiest to kill when young and small. 
The army worm was destructive in many places, but 
we need not fear it for 1897. Green fruit worm did 
some ruinous work, but the apple crop was so im¬ 
mense that the destruction of a portion of the fruit 
on a tree was not missed. Many worms were caught 
while jarring trees for curculio. Codling moth. 
This insect’s work was not so disastrous this year 
as sometimes. Spraying with Paris-green a week 
after the blossoms fall, will kill it. Mr. Slingerland 
has discovered this year that the egg of the Cod¬ 
ling moth is laid on the surface of the apple and 
hatches there, the worm working its way into the 
calyx or blossom end of the fruit, instead of being 
hatched there, as has formerly been supposed. Prof. 
Webster, of Ohio, gave an interesting account of the 
introduction of the San Jos6 scale into the eastern 
States. A box of nursery stock came from California 
to New Jersey, and from that it has spread over sev¬ 
eral States. It is increasing rapidly in Ohio, many 
specimens having been sent to the experiment station 
during the past six weeks. They purpose to cut off 
the infected tree, 20 inches from the ground, spray 
and wash the trunk left with kerosene oil in winter, 
and graft in the spring. He claimed that a State 
could not pass a law to keep out diseased nursery 
stock ; it required a national law. e. c. gillett. 
(To be continued.) 
A New York grocer must be credited with the dis¬ 
covery of a new use for oleomargarine. A package of 
it without the required marks was found in his ice¬ 
box. On his trial, he swore that he had not sold any 
of it ; that he used it for axle grease, and his wife 
used it for washing clothes. Said he, “It is better 
for taking spots out of clothing than anything I 
know.” It certainly has “ knocked the spots” out of 
butter prices ! Wonder if he ever heard of soap ! 
M ore Potash 
in the fertilizers applied 
on the farm means 
larger and better yields 
of crops, permanent 
improvement of the 
soil and 
More Money 
in the farmer’s pocket. 
All about Potash—the results of its use by actual ex¬ 
periment on the best farms in the United States—is 
told in a little book which we publish and will gladly 
mail free to any farmer in America who will write for it. 
GERMAN KALI WORKS, 
93 Nassau St., New York, 
We now import 
Wood Ashes 
Direct from Canada, col¬ 
lected by our own employes, in the 
hard-wood districts, test them, and 
ship them out under our own 
guarantee of strength and purity. 
When you buy wood ashes or any 
other fertilizer, take Prof. Johnson’s 
advice, and deal only with concerns 
of known responsibility. Our twenty- 
five years in business, our ample 
capital and facilities, combine to 
make our guarantee of value. Our 
Bowker’s 
BONE AND WOOD-ASH FERTILIZER 
at $25 per ton is an excellent combi¬ 
nation. Write for particulars. 
BOWKER 
company!* 
43 Chatham Street, Boston. 
VV VVVVVYVVVVVVVVWVVVV 
should always remember that for every crop 
the BRADLEY FERTILIZERS furnish 
the best possible plant food, and therefore 
produce unequaled results, either in the 
field or under glass. 
We prepare Fertilizers for every need, and gu 
~ r farmer should 
guaran¬ 
tee their superiority. Every farmer should send 
a postal .card for free copy of “ The American 
Farmer.” It’s full of farming facts of great value. 
Bradley Fertilizer Co., Boston,Mass. 
Rochester, N. Y., Cleveland, Ohio, Augusta, Ga. 
NITRATE OF SODA 
is at once the best and most 
reliable source of NITROGEN, 
which Is the most expensive, 
„ . „ T „ important and effective ele¬ 
ment of plant food. No fertilizer can produce the best results without its proper 
proportion of nitrate. The addition of even a small quantity of nitrate will make 
a poor or cheap fertilizer produce excellent results. If you wish to fertilize 
sasraassa; Nitrate oT Sofia 
smallest cost use lllUllIUU Ui CJUUU. for Plants.” FREE 
RUMSEY’S 
DOUBLE 
CYLINDER 
SPRAY PUMPS 
are models of perfection and utility for spraying all kinds of fruit trees and berry plants 
and vines. Large Compressed Air Chamber keeps spray going 10 minutes after the 
pumps are stopped. Long handle makes the pump work easy. The double cylinders 
work in connection with the agitator at bottom of barrel, keeps tho liquid stirred up. 
Plungers are easily removed, easily packed— all parts are easy of access. 
Metal Valves. Write for our free book on spraying which contains further description. 
RUMSEY & COMPANY , ltd., seneca falls, n.y. 
A Natural 
Fertilizer 
£ forall kinds of 
jiAiu Field and Carden 
^PP’ied in car- 
IWOfll) i Qts > direct from Ca- 
i fm;™ padlan storehouses, In 
bulk, bags or barrels, un- 
r-T.-r/) dor personal supervision, 
rvl Guaranteed quality and 
U)l\ weight. Write for free pam¬ 
phlet and price-list. 
F. R. LA LOR, 
Dunnville, (Box 16) Ontario. 
Legal Successor to MUNROE, LALOR & CO. 
44 
UP-TO-DATE” 
ALL brass. 
817.00 outfit for $6.00. Express , 
paid. Will spray a 10-acre orchard 
per day. 60,000 in use. Satisfaction guaran. 
tccd or money refunded. Ill’t’d Catalogue and 
I reatise on Spraying free. Ag’ts wanted. Ex¬ 
clusive territory given. Rapid sellers. Many 
of our agents are making from $5 to 810 per dav. 
I*. V. LEWIS Ml'tl. CO., Box 05 C'atskUl, N. Y. 
YEARS OF PROSPERITY 
Are surely coming, so don’t 
lie down and cry, but 
wake up. Buy an 
ECLIPSE SPRAY PUMP 
and save your fruit crop. “ It 
is better to be safe than sorry ” 
in fruit-growing as well as in 
any other business. 
Send for our ’97 Catalogue. 
MORRILL <fi MORLEY, 
Benton Harbor, Mich. 
Have ifou read about THE COMET $2.60 to $6.00. 
Beats them all. 
Don’i buy till 
you see them. 
__ _ _ . free cata. A har¬ 
vest for agts, write today. H.B.BUSLtR, Johnstown, 0. 
Have uou read about THE COMET t, 
SPRMffJ 
rwith 
the 
I 
EMPIRE 
KING 
SPRAY; 
m PERFECT AQITATORS. No scorching 
— foliage. No leather or rubber valves. Twelve 
styles of Spray Pomps. Catalogue Fbe*. 
FIELD FORCE PlIMP CO., 13 Mmrket 8t.,Lockport, H.T.I 
