FROM DAY TO DAY. 
O NE of the marked improvements in 
modern plumbing is the absence 
of closets or inclosed places around the 
waste pipes. The dark little closet under 
an old-fashioned sink was a snare even 
to the neatest housekeeper ; it was such 
a handy place of retirement for old dust¬ 
ers or floor-rags. Now there are no 
such recesses ; everything is open and 
easily cleaned. Some of the neatest 
little kitch ens are in the tiny city flats, 
where every inch of space must be made 
available. In some of these, where gas 
is the only fuel used in cooking, both 
sink and gas range fit into recesses closed 
by sliding doors. This is especially con¬ 
venient if the kitchen must be used as a 
dining-room. The refrigerator is also 
built in, with a material saving in space. 
* 
Such a kitchen as the above has hot 
water supplied from the great boiler in 
the basement, as there is no boiler at¬ 
tached to the gas range. To the farm¬ 
er’s wife who has to carry out ashes and 
build fires, bring up coal and wood, carry 
wash-tubs and hang out clothes, the 
little kitchen in a gas-heated, electric- 
lighted, apartment house would seem a 
paradise of convenience. With the 
touch of a lighted match, the little range 
is ready to bake, broil, or stew. Its only 
drawback is the intense heat ; it is hard 
for the inexperienced to realize the 
power of the little blue ring of flame, 
but, by using an asbestos mat, this 
may be regulated to the requirements of 
slow cooking. Where natural gas is used, 
the fuel for all the family cooking may 
be less than $1 a month. The washing 
is done in a laundry where there is every 
convenience, including steam driers, 
heated, like everything else, by gas. The 
butcher, the baker, the grocer, all call 
for orders, and send up their wares on a 
freight elevator; everything possible 
simplifies the housekeeper’s work. 
* 
As the reverse of this delightful pic¬ 
ture, we may think, first, of the children. 
Many apartment houses do not permit 
children of any age; others admit them 
under protest. We don’t know what 
would become of any baby presumptuous 
enough to be born in one of these houses. 
Where children are admitted, they are 
not allowed to play in the hallways ; 
there is no yard, so they must amuse 
themselves either on the street, or in 
the tiny apartment. There is no pantry 
and no cellar ; everything must be kept 
in the kitchen or ice-box. Consequently, 
food can be bought only in small quanti¬ 
ties, and at the dearest rate. There is 
always a deficiency of closet room; 
things must be stored away in an incon¬ 
gruous mixture that would terrify a 
neat housewife, accustomed to unlimited 
space. One woman owned up to keep¬ 
ing her entire wardrobe in dress-suit 
cases, piled under the bed. But the flat- 
dweller usually has a folding bed, so 
even that refuge may be denied her. 
Add to this the lack of privacy inevitable 
where 20 to 40 families are crowded un¬ 
der one roof, and the flat-dweller won¬ 
ders whether she is really much better 
off than the poor woman in a tenement. 
There are many times when one would 
willingly exchange all these conveni¬ 
ences for the spacious comfort of an old 
farm-house. 
* 
The difficulties in the way of properly 
keeping food prevent many city house¬ 
wives from buying at the advantageous 
rates often noticed in the market. Natur¬ 
ally, one must have ice all the year 
’round. Where there is a window open¬ 
ing on the air shaft, an impromptu lar¬ 
der is often constructed there, though in. 
a building of any pretensions there is 
usually a rule against turning one’s win¬ 
dow ledge into a pantry. The rule is 
often violated, however, and the milk jar 
is a frequent feature outside the kitchen 
window. Butter is one of the most diffi¬ 
cult things to keep, because it so soon 
absorbs the flavor of everything else in 
the refrigerator. In fact, the only way 
to prevent the butter from presenting a 
composite souvenir of the entire bill of 
fare, is to seal it tightly in glass fruit 
jars. Cooked vegetables, stewed meats, 
and anything else that can be so ac¬ 
commodated should be treated in the 
same way ; it not only keeps the ice¬ 
box sweeter, but is also a great saving of 
room. And what of the pickles and pre¬ 
serves ? some good housewife may ask. 
Well, they are to be bought at the great 
department stores ! It is impossible to 
keep such articles in the tiny flat, and 
though each flat gives nominal posses¬ 
sion of a “ store-room” in the basement 
(such “ store-room ” being usually a spe¬ 
cies of slatted crib with a locked door), 
preserves could not be kept there, the 
basement being very warm. So one 
must pay high prices for wholesome 
preserved fruit, or buy the unsophisti¬ 
cated product of the manufacturer who 
makes strawberry jam out of vegetable 
mysteries and Timothy seed. However, 
there is a third and wiser course ; one 
may always buy cheap and wholesome 
fruit that should take the place of more 
concentrated preserves. 
BROWN BREAD. 
B ROWN bread is wholesome, easily 
made, cheap and palatable. Eaten 
hot with milk, it is simply delicious. 
Some people steam, instead of baking, 
their brown bread, but this is not neces¬ 
sary, and the steam in the room is very 
unpleasant. This is one way to make 
brown bread : Procure a dish with a 
close-fitting cover, both made of cast 
iron. My dish is round, considerably 
larger at the top than at the bottom, 
and holds about three quarts. Use three 
kinds of meal, rye, granulated Indian, 
and wheat meal, not wheat flour. Sift a 
scant pint of each of these kinds of meal, 
then mix in thoroughly an even tea¬ 
spoonful of soda, a rounding teaspoon¬ 
ful of baking powder, and the same of 
salt. Then mix in a scant cup of dark- 
colored molasses and a pint of water. 
It may take a little more water ; the 
mixture should be quite soft, but not 
too sloppy. Pour it into your well- 
greased dish, put the cover on, and place 
in the oven, where it will be sure not to 
burn on the bottom. It should bake 
with a steady, but not too hot, lire, for 
about three hours. Look at it occasion¬ 
ally after an hour and a half, and when 
it is a rich, dark brown, it will be done. 
Take it out of the dish immediately, and 
place it on your bread toaster, or some¬ 
where so it will not steam and become 
soggy. If the fire has been right, you 
will have a loaf the crust of which, 
though crisp, is not hard or tough. After 
it has cooled for half an hour or so, it 
may be cut nicely with a sharp knife. 
The tenderness of meat depends a great 
deal uj>on the way it is cut. So brown 
bread to be attractive should be cut 
properly. As it stands just as it stood 
while baking, cut it directly through 
the middle, from top to bottom. Then 
take one of these halves, and laying the 
cut side down, begin at the smaller end 
and cut off the slices evenly. If the 
crusts are rejected, they may be made 
into “ brewis ” by cooking in water or 
milk till soft; plenty of butter makes 
this appetizing. susan b. bobbins. 
To starch dark-colored calicoes, make 
the starch as usual, add to it one pint of 
clear coffee, strain, and add a small bit 
of spermaceti.' 
ODDS AND ENDS . 
To take grease spots out of a carpet, 
lay a piece of brown paper over the spot, 
and rub with a hot iron. Change the 
paper and repeat the operation until it 
is all removed. 
Always scald out the tea and coffee¬ 
pots with fresh hot water, never put 
them in to be washed with other dishes. 
Keep a dish-cloth for this especial use ; 
never use a cloth employed about other 
dishes, however great the care in keep¬ 
ing it clean. 
Cleaning Cakpets. —Add to two gal¬ 
lons of cold water two tablespoonfuls of 
household ammonia. Then wipe the 
carpet all over with a cloth dipped in 
the water and wrung out quite dry. The 
carpet should be thoroughly swept be¬ 
fore washing. This is especially adapted 
to cleaning Brussels and tapestry car¬ 
pets. To prevent dust from rising when 
sweeping, also to brighten the carpet, 
take old newspapers, wet them thor¬ 
oughly and tear them up in small pieces, 
strew over the carpet. To freshen straw 
mattings, wipe them over occasionally 
with a cloth wet in salt and water ; this 
will also toughen the straw and prevent 
it chipping up. millik Abbott. 
Nothing is more annoying than the 
shrinking and hardening of woolen 
underwear and children’s clothes, which 
must be frequently washed, and which 
it is deemed impossible, on that account, 
to keep in good condition. That this is an 
error all housekeepers will discover if 
the following directions be followed : 
Shake the garments to be washed free 
from dustand loose dirt. Into a tub half 
fullofsoft, warm water, cutabarof white 
soap and add to the water, stirring until 
dissolved. Put the fine white flannels 
in first, and dip up and down in the suds 
until clean, throw in lukewarm blue 
water to which a little soap is added ; 
then squeeze and shake and hang on the 
line to dry. Prepare fresh suds for the 
colored woolen garments, and wash in 
the same way. When all are dry, take 
from the line, fold them, and press under 
a heavy weight until ready to iron. Arti¬ 
cles treated in this way remain soft and 
keep their color until worn out. 
ELIZA B. PARKER. 
No lamp is a good one 
without its particular chimney. 
The Index tells what Num¬ 
ber to get; sent free. 
“ Pearl top ” or “ pearl 
glass.” 
Geo A Macbeth Co 
Pittsburgh Pa 
ELECTRICAL 
ENGINEERING 
Bicnni Engineering 
(Stilt., Ijoco. & Mnr.) 
Merhnntrnl Drawing 
.Machine Design 
Architectural Drawing 
IMunihlng A Heating 
Civil Engineering 
Mining A Prospecting 
English Branches 
Book Keeping 
TO WORKINGMEN 
PROFESSIONAL MEN 
YOUNG MEN 
and others who cannot 
alford to lose time from 
work. Send for Free 
Circular and Jtc/erences 
Stating the Subject you 
wish to Study, to 
The International 
Correspondence Schools, 
l\ox 1)10, Scrautou, Pa. 
DON’T 
begin Spring work until you have 
read “FABMING IN A BUSINESS 
LIGHT.” or “HOW TO 1NCBEASE THE KAUM 
INCOME.” Until April 1, we are going to send, post¬ 
paid to the readers of Tins B. N.-Y. A copy ol this 
book and our descriptive catalogue of Business and 
Farm Books, all for 4c. In stamps. SliAl.i. WK SEND 
Them to You V Please let us know. Address 
J. li. WHITNKV & CO., Broadalbin, N. Y. 
BEFORE BUYING A NEW HARNESS 
Send your address with Scstauip for Ulus. 
Catalog, giving full description of Single 
and Double Custom Hand-Made Oak 
Leather Harness. Sold direct to consu¬ 
mer, at wholesale prices. King Harness 
Co., No. 10 Church St., Onego, N. Y. 
EVERY WOMAN 
can huy a WORLD'S 
WASUKB on trial, and 
no money paid until It is per¬ 
fectly satisfactory. Washes 
easy. Clothes clean sweet and 
white as snow. Child can use 
It. I pay freight. Circular free 
C.E. Ross, 25 Clean St„ Lincoln, ill. 
Artificial Arms and Legs. 
PATENTS OF 1895. 
MARKS' Improved Uubber Hands and Feet are 
Natural in Action. Noiseless In Motion and the Most 
Durable in Construction. 
It is not unusual to see a farmer working in the 
fields with an artificial leg, or an engineer, conduc¬ 
tor, brakeman, carpenter, mason, miner. In fact, men 
of every vocation, wearing one or two artificial legs 
of MARKS' Patents, performing as much as men in 
possession of all their natural members, and experi¬ 
encing litt le or no inconveniences. 
Over lS.(KK) in use, scattered in all parts of the world. 
Eminent surgeons A competent judges commend the 
Rubber Foot and Hand for their many advantages. 
At the Wohi.d’s Columbian Exposition they re¬ 
ceived the highest award. They are indorsed and pur¬ 
chased by I lie United States and foreign Governments. 
A Treatise, containing . r >44 pages, with HtKI illustra¬ 
tions, sent FilEK; also, a formula for taking Measure¬ 
ments by which limbs can liu made and sent, to all 
parts of tlie world with tit guaranteed. Address 
A. A. MARKS, 701 Broadway, N. Y. City. 
Established 41 years. 
CATARRH 
COLD IN TLIE HEAD, 
Cured Frick 8a mple. 
Stuart's Pharmacy, 33 Carey Ave., Wilkes-Barre, Pa. 
FOR SALE. 
350 acres grain and stock farm in artesian belt. 
Good water, fences and buildings; on creamery milk 
route; near school, etc. Five acres good ash timber. 
A bargain. A. W. MILNE, Mount Vernon, S. D. 
QaIh-F ruit Farm of 12 acres, and aline 
I vl 0316 home near village, railroad and 
markets. Also, 24 acres with the above, if desired. 
N. S. PLATT, Cheshire, Conn. 
Facts Abaut the Indian Territary. 
For Information how and when to secure homes, 
send 10 cents to E. JOHNSON, Webber's Falls, I.T. 
“BIG FOUR’’ 
ROUTE 
TO 
Western and Southern Points. 
“ SOUTH WESTERN LIMITED 
Through Sleeping Cars from 
New York and Boston to Cincinnati, In¬ 
dianapolis and St. Louis 
VIA 
Boston & Albany R. R., New York Central to Buf 
falo, L. S. & M. S, Ry. to Cleveland, Big 
Four Route to Destination. 
ELEGANT CONNECTIONS 
With all Trunk Lines in New York and New Eng 
land. Ask for Tickets via BIO FOUR ROUTE. 
E. 0. McCORMICK, D, B. MARTIN, 
Pass. Traffic Manager. Gen’l Pass. JkTkt. Agt 
BIG FOUR ROUTE, CINCINNATI, O. 
“A" Or.de, «44 
Write to-day. 
CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, HARNESS 
Direct from Factory at Wholesale Prices. 30 per cent, saved. « 
Guaranteed two years. Write at once for new beautifully Illustrated 'AibC: 
page Catalogue showing latest styles In large variety -from a$i0 cart to 
the most stylish carriage. Prices in plain figures. Testimonials from ... 
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fir.de. £ 4 o 
every state. Highest awards at Worlds Fair and Atlanta Exposition. 
Catalogue Tree. ALLIANCE CARRIAGE CO., 230 East Court Street, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
