218 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 27 
Live Stock Matters 
AILING ANIMALS. 
ANSWERS BY DR. F . L . KILBOBNR. 
Soaking the Scales on a Sow. 
G. E. D., Bennington, Ft.—My sow is ailing; at 
first, Bbe had a reddish brown scale commencing 
at her neck, and it gradually extended all over 
her, and makes her itch. She is rubbing herself 
more or less. Her appetite is good; she eats 
about 20 quarts of mixed scalded middlings and 
bran with some green vegetables mixed in, for a 
day’s feed; I have used sour milk and buttermilk, 
also kerosene oil and water mixed together, half 
and half; all of these at different times. It softens 
the scales, so I can rub them off, and more form 
after a short time. This has been going on for 
about two months. She is due to pig April 5. 
What shall I do for her ? 
Wash with soft soap suds so as to break up 
and remove the scales. Then rub with the oxide 
of zinc ointment. If over fat, reduce the grain 
ration. 
Cow Will not Dry Off. 
J. K. B., East Fairfield, O.—l have a purebred 
Jersey cow that has had two calves, and is due 
to be fresh again May 6. She did not go dry be¬ 
fore being fresh the last time, and the indications 
are that she will not this time. We thought that 
she did not give so much milk as she should have 
done the last year, perhaps because she had not 
been dry awhile. I would like to know the ex¬ 
perience of others, and whether it is best to dry 
her off. What is the best way ? 
Most dairymen believe that it is better to allow 
a cow to go dry for four to six weeks before calv¬ 
ing. But in exceptional cases of this kind, when 
it is almost, or quite impossible to get the cow 
dry, it is, undoubtedly, better to continue milk- 
ng and not attempt to dry her off. The cow must, 
of course, be fed more liberally than if she went 
dry, to make up for the extra drain upon her 
system. The milk would not be suitable for 
domestic purposes for the two to three weeks be¬ 
fore calving, and in some cases even longer, 
acquiring a salty, bitter or otherwise unpleasant 
taste. If the cow were to be dried off, she should 
be placed on a restricted, dry diet, with little or 
no grain, milked once daily for three or four 
days, and then only once every other day for a 
week or 10 days, after which regular milkings 
may be discontinued. After you begin to dry the 
cow off, it is better not to milk her out dry, but 
only enough to prevent inflammation and caking 
of the udder. The udder should be examined 
daily after the milkings cease, and if found to be 
well filled, should be partially milked out. One 
or more quarters are frequently ruined by neglect¬ 
ing this precaution. Lumps at or above the base 
of the teats, so common in fresh cows, are 
usually due to neglect in drying off. With per¬ 
sistent or heavy milkers, more time may be re¬ 
quired than is indicated above, but the general 
method to be pursued is the same. 
Kaffir Corn and Teosinte in New York. 
R. L., Oneida County, N. Y.— Has any one raised 
Kaftir corn for poultry and horse fodder, as far 
north as central New York ? Is the seed of use as 
poultry food, and does it pay ? Has any one 
raised Teosinte for horse fodder, as far north as 
central New York, and with what success ? 
Ans —Kaffir corn for poultry in cen¬ 
tral New York does well. The best 
variety to plant is the white. Plant in 
drills three feet apart and with the 
stalks 8 to 10 inches apart in the drill. 
It will take from three to four pounds 
to plant an acre. Kaffir corn makes an 
excellent food for poultry, but for horse 
fodder it does not in our climate com¬ 
pare with the common Indian corn. In 
the semi-arid portions of the West where 
the rainfall is insufficient to develop a 
crop of corn, Kaffir corn is raised with 
profit. The strongest recommendation 
it has is that it is able to withstand 
drought well and make growth where 
corn would fail. 
Teosinte grows well in central New 
York, but the remarks with reference to 
Kaffir corn as compared with the com¬ 
mon Maize or Indian corn will apply 
equally well to Teosinte. It does not 
mature seed in this climate, but it does 
furnish a large amount of forage when 
cut green and fed as a soiling crop. In 
the experiments with forage crops at 
the Cornell University Experiment Sta¬ 
tion, nothing has yet been found which 
can compare with corn. L. A. c. 
How to Feed Gluten Meal. 
winter of 1894-95, over 12,000 pounds 
of gluten meal. During the present 
winter, the amount fed will be about 
26,000 pounds. None of this gluten was 
soaked and, apparently, the animals to 
which it was fed made good gains and 
were at all times in a healthy condition. 
The gluten feed can be fed safely to 
dairy cows as a part of their grain 
ration, four to six pounds of it per day 
to a cow of 1,000 pounds weight being 
about the maximum amount. The an¬ 
alysis of gluten feed, wheat bran, corn 
meal and oil meal (old process), is as 
follows : 
Per cent d igestible matter—. 
Per cent Pro- Carbobyd. Nut. 
dry matter, tein. and fat. Total, ratio. 
Gluten feed. .91.7 
19.4 
63.3 
82.7 
1:33 
Wheat bran..88.1 
12.0 
45.4 
57.4 
1: 3.8 
Corn meal_85.0 
5.5 
71.1 
76 6 
1:1 if .9 
Oil meal.90.8 
29.3 
48 5 
77 8 
1: 1.7 
From the above table of analyses, it will 
be seen that, while gluten feed is rich 
in protein, it does not contain so large 
a per cent of it as does oil meal, and 
cannot entirely take the place of oil 
meal in a feed ration. l. a. c. 
Rape for Sheep Pasture. 
If. F., North Steuben, N. Y— Can rape for sheep 
be grown in northern or central New York, where 
we have frost as early as the middle of October ? 
Can it be saved for winter fodder ? Corn does 
well here. 
Ans. —Rape can be grown with success 
as far north as central New York. It is 
used principally as a crop to furnish 
pasturage for sheep. It belongs to the 
Cruciferae family, and resembles the 
mustards. The only variety which does 
well in this locality is the Dwarf Essex. 
This is a biennial variety, and is much 
more valuable than the annual varieties 
Plant the seed on fertile, well-drained 
lands about July 1, in drills about 30 
inches apart, and at the rate of 1 to 1>4 
pound per acre. Cultivate as soon as 
the rows can be followed. 
Rape is recommended as a pasture for 
sheep and lambs. When sown at the 
time mentioned, it is, usually, ready for 
pasturing by September 15. It is not 
recommended as a feed for dairy cattle, 
as it is said to taint the milk. Sheep 
and swine do specially well on it. They 
should not, however, be turned into a 
rape field until after having been well 
fed. If turned in and allowed to gorge 
themselves with the green food, bloat¬ 
ing is likely to result. The pasturing 
can continue from about September 15 
to November 15. At the time of year 
which rape matures, it would be difficult 
to cure it for fodder, and it can be recom¬ 
mended only as a plant most valuable 
for fall pasturage of sheep or swine. If 
corn grows well in your section, you 
cannot improve upon that as a fodder 
crop. l. a. c. 
An Injured Hen. 
J. G., Midland, Mich.—I have a large P. Rock 
hen which has all the thigh a dark green color, 
which, I think, is gangrene; the cause is unknown 
to me. The henhouse floor has been covered with 
leaves all winter, renewed about every six weeks, 
and the last time, the leaves, apparently, began 
to heat; but the next time, it was covered with 
straw, and was so for about two weeks before the 
hen showed signs of lameness. As soon as dis¬ 
covered, she was removed. My cock, a purebred 
B. Leghorn, is a large bird, but the hens are all 
large. I do not think that he is the cause. No 
signs of injury can be seen, and the skin is not 
broken anywhere. Did the heating of the leaves 
cause the trouble, and how ? 
Ans. —It is difficult to state the cause, 
probably an injury, which may happen 
by being pushed from the roost, or a 
blow from another hen. Frequently the 
spurs of the male will tear the flesh, 
when he slips, or some injury happen by 
the hen coming in contact with a pebble 
on the ground when receiving the atten¬ 
tions of the male. There is nothing that 
will remedy the difficulty but rest and 
quiet, anointing daily with some simple 
liniment. 
The De Laval Cream Separators 
Always Make the Most Butter and 
Always the Best. 
-ooo- 
The honor scoring record of De Laval “Alpha’’and “Baby” Separator made butter the past 
three years has been a practically clean sweep of all competitive prizes and awards in every general 
contest—National and International, State and District—in America and all other countries. 
Below are noted a few of the more important American 1896 and 1897 Highest Awards, which are 
representative of a multitude of others. 
National Buttermakers Convention, 1896, Gold Medal, Milton Dairy Co., St. Paul, Minn., 
—score 97 4-5. , 
Wisconsin State Fair, 1896, George Tarrant & Sons, Durand, Wis.,—score 100. 
Illinois State Fair, 1896. J. W. Segar, Pecatonica, Ill.—score 98. 
California State Fair, 1896, Eel River Creamery Co., Ferndale, Cal.,—score 94. 
Vermont State Fair, 1896, Hillside Creamerv Co.. Windsor, Vt.,—score 9814. 
Iowa State Fair, 1896, W. W. Day, Tripoli, la.,—98%. 
Minnesota State Fair. 1896, Courtland Creamery Co., Courtland, Minn., (second),—score 99 4-n. 
Vermont Inter-State Fair, 1896, F. D. Prindle, Johnson, Vt.,—score- 
So. Dakota Tri-State Fair, 1896, Wm. R. Leighton, Wiltiamstown, la.,—score 98. 
Missouri State Fair, 1896, D. E. Wood & Co., Elgin, Ill.,—score 99. 
Indiana State Fair, 1896. R. W. Furnas, Indianapolis, Ind.,—score 98)4. 
Texas State Fair, 1896, W. A. Ponder, Denton, Tex.,—score- 
New Hampshire State Dairy Convention, 1896, C. H. Waterhouse, Cornish, N. H.,—score 98*4- 
Iowa State Dairy Convention, 1896, H. N. Miller, Randall, la.,—score 99. 
Kausas State Dairy Convention, 1896, Belle Springs Creamery Co., Abilene, Kan.,—score 98. 
North Carolina State Fair. 1896, Geo. W. Vanderbilt, Biltmore, N. C.,—score- 
So. Dakota State Fair, 1896, Miner Creamery Co., Miner, S. D.,—score 97 3-5. 
So. Dakota Inter-State Exposition, 1896, De Smet Creamery Co., De Smet, S. D.,—score 98. 
Vermont State Dairy Convention, 1897., Strafford Creamery Co., Strafford, Vt.,—score 98. 
Connecticut State Dairy Convention, 1897, Tbeo. A. Stanley, New Britain, Conn.,—score 97. 
Illinois State Dairy Convention, 1897, Elgin Board of Trade Gold Medal, County Line Creamery, 
Kaneville, Ill.,—score 98)<f. 
National Buttermakers Convention, 1897, Gold Medal, H. N. Miller, Randall, la.,—score 98*4- 
National Buttermakers Convention, 1897, Silver Medal, G. H. Littlefield, Savanna, Ill ( — 
score 97.91. , 
National Buttermakers Convention, 1897, Silver Cup, C. E. Simeran, Owatonna, Minn.,—score 97*4. 
A review of the scoring of the 400 exhibits of butter entered into the great Annual Contest of the 
National Buttermakers Association, at Owatonna, including all makes and systems, shows that of 
all exhibits scoring 96 or above 85 per cent, were De Laval made, and that all exhibits scoring 97 and 
above were of De Laval make only. _ 
Send for “Baby” or “Dairy” Separator Catalogue, No. 246. 
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W. D. B., Fairfield, Conn.—la it necessary to 
soak gluten feed before feeding ? Is it harmful 
if not soaked, when mixed with other feed, wheat 
bran, etc. ? Can I substitute an equal weight of 
gluten for linseed in a mixture, without harm ? 
People around here say that gluten should 
always be soaked, but I have never seen it in 
print. 
Ans. — The agricultural department 
at Cornell University fed, during the 
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