252 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 10 
Live Stock Matters 
AILING ANIMALS. 
answers by dr. f. l. kilborne. 
Horse Out of Condition. 
H. II. G., Northville, Term. —What is the matter 
with my seven-year-old mare ? She keeps thin in 
flesh in spite of all I can do. She eats well. I 
feed good hay, corn and oats. She has no life, 
and after working half an hour, she is completely 
played out. She sweats very easily, and her coat 
is rough. Her teeth are all right, and she has no 
lice. 
Try the following powders : Dry pow¬ 
dered sulphate of iron, four ounces ; 
powdered nux vomica, three ounces; 
powdered gentian, 12 ounces ; mix and 
make into 24 powders. Give one powder 
in the feed night and morning. If the 
bowels are inclined to be constipated, 
give one pint raw linseed oil daily until 
relieved. Then keep the bowels moving 
freely by feeding a bran mash once daily 
during the course of the powders, or one 
pint of oil meal twice daily, or green 
food if you should have any. 
Lameness in Pregnant Mare. 
W. F. It., PesMigo, Wis. —I have a mare that is 
due to foal May 28. She Is driven lightly a few 
times a week, and when not driven, is out in the 
yard during the day time. Her feed is corn stalks, 
two quarts of oats anl a peck of carrots a day; 
the oats are fed in the morning, the carrots at 
night. Two weeks ago, she became lame in her 
left hind leg; it was swollen to about three times 
its natural size, but with scarcely any fever in it, 
and that little was principally in the foot. She is 
about over it now, but has become lame in the 
other leg, which seems to act the same as the 
first one. She is in good flesh, and seems to be 
thrifty in every respect. She had the same kind 
of an attack in October last, but seemed to have 
recovered all right. I have given her a teaspoon¬ 
ful of saltpeter once a day for a week. Was that 
right ? 
This is, probably, a case of oedema of 
pregnancy, which is not uncommon in 
pregnant mares, although the trouble 
may be due to chronic inflammation of 
the liver. It would not be well to under¬ 
take active treatment until after foaling. 
Feed the mare a warm bran mash daily 
at night, until grass, when a run at 
pasture will, probably, be the best place 
for her. Until then she should have 
daily exercise. If the legs become much 
swollen, rub actively with the hands, or 
bathe with hot water. I would not ad¬ 
vise continuing the saltpeter, although 
the quantity given will do no harm. If 
the trouble do not disappear after foal¬ 
ing. write again, referring to this page. 
Foot Rot in Cows ; Beets. 
J. IF., Springfield , III. —1. Two of my cows are 
lame; both have a sore place on the soft part of 
the heel, and it seems to be between the toes, but 
not so bad there. Tney eat well. I keep them in 
a dry stable at night, but let them out in the day 
time. There is a good deal of mud in the corral, 
but I don’t think that is the trouble, because the 
others are all right. 2. I feed bran and ground 
corn. What do you think of sugar beets for feed 
for dairy cows ? Are they better than mangels ? 
Would it pay to plant either ? 
I. The trouble is foot rot or foul in the 
foot It occurs most commonly during 
the muddy season, and is usually due to 
the irritation of the mud and other for¬ 
eign or hard substances between the 
claws, causing inflammation and ulcera¬ 
tion. Standing in a filthy stable also 
favors or predisposes to the trouble. In 
isolated cases, the primary cause may be 
a cut or other injury received from 
stepping upon a sharp or pointed body. 
The irritation of the mud and filth then 
readily causes the foul condition of the 
foot. The disease rarely occurs while 
the cows are on pasture, unless affected 
when turned into pasture. It occasion¬ 
ally becomes epidemic in a herd, but can¬ 
not be considered as being really con¬ 
tagious. Treatment is always successful 
if thorough. First clean the feet. Be¬ 
tween the claws, this is best done by 
drawing back and forth a piece of un¬ 
twisted rope or a strip of cloth. Then 
with a sharp knife—preferably a hoof- 
knife—cut away all dead or diseased 
horn as far as the pus has burrowed. 
Upon this point depends largely the suc¬ 
cess or failure in the treatment. If any 
pus cavity be left unexposed, the disease 
will continue until it is opened up. Hav¬ 
ing exposed the diseased surface, with a 
swab apply a dressing of muriatic acid, 
sufficient to cauterize all of the diseased 
tissue. Then follow by a dressing of 
pine tar, after which the cows should be 
kept in the stable or a clean, dry yard 
for several hours. The treatment should 
be repeated once in two weeks until 
cured. All four feet of an affected ani¬ 
mal should be examined each time, and 
treatment applied if there be any signs 
of soreness. Two treatments are usually 
sufficient to effect a cure. 
2. Beets are excellent food for dairy 
cows. They are especially valuable as 
succulent food when the cows are on 
dry fodder. Where ensilage is fed, they 
do not possess nearly the same value. In 
fact, it would, probably, not be profit¬ 
able to raise beets to feed with ensilage. 
There is very little difference in the 
feeding value of the sugar beet and man¬ 
gel. Sugar beets are richer in carbohy¬ 
drates, but poorer in proteids than the 
mangels or rutabagas. The sugar beet 
has a little higher nutritive ratio, and is, 
probably, the more valuable of the two. 
Do Bots Kill Horses ? 
F. T. McL., Leechs' Corners, Pa.—Will bots kill 
a horse ? If so, what would be good to give ? I 
had one die, and the veterinary called the trouble 
inflammation of the bowels; but there was a 
double handful of bots, which had eaten almost 
through the stomach. I thought that they caused 
the trouble. 
Bots are rarely, if ever, the cause of 
death in horses. The one double hand¬ 
ful would, certainly, not have been 
enough to cause death in this case. 
There was nothing in their presence 
that would indicate that the diagnosis 
of the veterinarian was not correct. 
Since the horse was opened, it should 
have been an easy matter to ascertain 
whether the inflvmmation was in the 
bowels or stomach. Bots are present in 
greater or less number in the stomach 
of nearly every horse—I may say prac¬ 
tically every farm horse. It is an almost 
universal, but erroneous, opinion of 
horsemen that bots are the cause of a 
variety of ailments in the horse. They 
may, occasionally, cause slight gastric 
indigestion, followed by a rough coat 
and the other general symptoms of 
unthriftiness ; but beyond this, they are 
practically harmless. You were in error 
in supposing that the bots had eaten 
nearly through the wall of the stomach. 
The bots simply attach themselves to 
the mucous membrane of the stomach, 
where there may be a small depression 
or pit; but they never eat through the 
wall. 
Scratches in a Horse. 
G. M. T., Hanover Neck, N.J .—I purchased, last 
I HE TEST OF A F E ED IS NOT j* j* 
WHAT ITS MANUFACTURERS SAY 
ABOUT IT, BUT WHAT IS PROVED 
BY ACTUAL EXPERIENCE ja j* jA -j* 
New York, February 5, 1897. 
Gentlemen .-—Your H-O Co.’s Horse Feed is without 
exception the best feed I have ever used in my stables. 
I have fed it for some time to my eight horses, and 
they are feeling like two-year-olds. They have never 
been in such fine condition before, and it is a pleasure 
to see the way they take to their work. 
Yours very truly, 
). C. RUSSELL. 
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A. H. REID, PHILADELPHIA, PA. and ELGIN, ILL. 
September, a fine team of four-year-old work 
and carriage horses, weight, 2,660 pounds. One 
of them, when purchased, showed blood trouble; 
the hair was streaked, and after a week or two, 
boils began to bother him under the collar, and 
in fact, anywhere that the harness touched him. 
I began in December giving him Epsom salts. 
The colt got in fair condition, I thought. In Feb¬ 
ruary, about the middle, he got a cut on the ankle 
behind, and later on, the scratches developed. It 
has gone above the knees. I have attended to it 
well, both cleansed and tarred, with a strong de¬ 
coction of White-oak bark and copperas; it has 
been on him for, perhaps, 30 days. What is best 
to give for the blood, and also to apply on the 
surface ? He is not lame. 
Scratches are very common in horses 
during the winter and spring. Horses 
with a coarse, lymphatic constitution 
have a natural tendency or predis¬ 
position to the disease. The more com¬ 
mon exciting causes are, close, damp 
or filthy stables ; standing or working 
in the manure or filth of the stable or 
yard ; driving in the mud, especially 
when freezing, and then allowing the 
mud to remain on the legs after the 
horse has gone to the stable ; standing 
in cold drafts of air ; washing the legs 
with caustic soaps or other irritants, and 
overfeeding on grain or feeding un¬ 
wholesome fodder of any kind, which 
tends to derange the urinary system. In 
(Continued on next page.) 
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