1897 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
329 
THE NEW TARIFF BILL. 
The question that has been sorely troubling Con¬ 
gress for the past two months, is the tariff. The law 
now in force and known as the Wilson law, was en¬ 
acted in 1894, and took the place of the McKinley 
law previously in force. The bill now under consider¬ 
ation was introduced into the House of Representa¬ 
tives by Representative Dingley, and bears his name. 
It was thoroughly considered by the House, and was 
then sent to the Senate. The Senate Finance Com¬ 
mittee has now reported it to the Senate, but with 
many changes, some of the sections being hardly 
recognizable. The House bill provided for retroac¬ 
tive duties, that is, that payment of duties should be¬ 
gin at a fixed date before the passage of the bill. 
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This has been changed by the Senate Committee, and, 
as reported, the bill provides that duties shall begin 
July 1. The House also provided for reciprocity, but 
the Senate struck out this clause. Of course, both 
branches of Congress must agree to all provisions be¬ 
fore the bill can become a law, but the bill is likely 
to go through in about the shape that it comes from 
the Senate. 
Some of the provisions and classifications of this 
bill are so complicated, that several Philadelphia 
lawyers would be required to explain them. Many 
will affect the agricultural interests indirectly, while 
others are directly on agricultural products. Below 
are given the proposed duties on some of the lead¬ 
ing agricultural products as compared with the rates 
of duty under the McKinley and Wilson laws. 
“Cattle if one year old or over, valued at not more 
than $10 per head, $4 per head ; if valued at more 
than $10 and not more than $20, $G per head ; if less 
than one year old, $2 per head ; any cattle valued at 
more than $20 per head, 30 percentum ad valorem.” 
Under the Wilson law, all live animals not specially 
provided for, were taxed 20 percentum ad valorem. 
Under the McKinley law, horses and mules were 
taxed $30 per head, except that horses, valued at $150 
and over, were required to pay a duty of 30 per¬ 
centum ad valorem. Under the latter law, cattle 
more than one year old, paid a duty of $10 per head, 
those under one year old, a duty of $2 per head. 
Hogs paid $1.50 per head; sheep, one year old and 
more, $1.50 per head, less than one year old, 75 cents 
per head, and all other animals not specially provided 
for, 20 per centum ad valorem. On wools, the classi¬ 
fication is long and complex, and the duty is levied 
by the pound instead of ad valorem. The duty varies 
from 7 to 10 cents per pound. On shoddy, the duty is 
put at 20 cents per pound. The rates of duty on 
other leading agricultural products are given in the 
accompanying table, and the rates of tax under the 
proposed as well as the former laws. 
The new law provides for a duty on nursery stocks, 
cuttings, seedlings, etc. Tea is taxed 10 cents per 
pound until January 1, 1900, after which it shall be 
admitted free of duty. Cider is assessed five cents a 
gallon and vinegar 7 X cents. Tallow is taxed one 
cent per pound, and lard two cents. Poultry is ad¬ 
mitted alive for three cents per pound, but if dressed 
must pay five cents. Bacon and hams must pay five 
cents per pound, fresh beef, veal, mutton and pork, 
two cents, and all other meats not specially provided 
for, 25 per cent ad valorem. Game and game meats 
must pay two cents per pound. Oranges, lemons and 
similar fruits are taxed one cent per pound. Beer is 
to be taxed 40 cents per gallon if in bottles or jugs, 
and otherwise, 20 cents ; the Wilson law taxed it 30 
cents and 15 cents respectively. Hides of cattle are 
to be admitted on payment of IX Gent per pound, and 
on all leather exported which was made from im¬ 
ported hides, a rebate equal to the amount of duty 
paid on the hides is to be allowed. It is expected that 
the new tariff, when it becomes a law, will largely in¬ 
crease the revenues of the Government. v. h. v. 
Ai.deknky is ap island in the English Channel, near 
Jersey and Guernsey. The cattle on these islands, while 
very similar in their dairy qualities, are quite different 
in color, size and habits. It is generally understood in 
this country that “ Alderney ” is but a local name for 
a strain or family of Jerseys. Breeders in Alderney 
object to this, however, and insist that they have a 
distinctly pure breed, and they purpose to start and 
maintain a herd book. We do not think that there will 
be much room for Alderneys as a distinct breed in 
this country. They are too much like the Jerseys, 
and too many of them are now known as such. The 
Guernseys have many points of difference as com¬ 
pared with Jerseys, but the Alderneys are too much 
like the latter as now bred in America. 
BUSINESS BITS. 
Hill and Chapman, Peruville, N. Y., have issued a catalogue of 
seeds, plants and live stock which tells How to Keep a Brood 
Sow, A Cheaper Ration, History and Description of the Cheshire 
Breed. Shropshire sheep are among the Interesting matters 
treated. Among poultry, White and Brown Leghorns and Black 
Minorcas are the specialties. 
The Columbus Carriage Mfg. Company, Columbus, O., have two 
factories with a combined capacity of 25,000 vehicles annually. 
They manufacture every kind and style of carriage, single and 
double, but only the best grade and thoroughly warranted. They 
will send beautifully illustrated catalogues telling about their 
goods and terms If you write for them. 
Tub papers that advertised the Minute churn, and ran illus¬ 
trated reading advertisements of it as editorial information, are 
now hearing from their subscribers who were induced to buy it. 
“It was made to sell,” they write, “not to make butter.” We 
have been refusing advertising for this wonderful churn, and 
advising readers not io touch it. It would be interesting to know 
how much Tub R. N.-Y. has saved for farmers during the past 50 
years in cautioning them against such articles. More, we be¬ 
lieve, than the paper lias cost them during all that time. 
Tub world moves, sometimes fast, in other things, slowly. The 
time was when the left-hand cut harvester was a necessity, be¬ 
cause the binding was done by hand, and the convenience of the 
man who did the work had to be taken into consideration. Now 
the binding is done by the machine, and the right-hand cut 
seems to have advantages. The McCormick Harvesting Machine 
Company, of Chicago, Ill., have already adopted the right-hand 
cut. We cannot go into all the details of the why and where¬ 
fore, but a postal card addressed to the manufacturers, will 
briDg you the details in full. There is one thing to be remem¬ 
bered about this firm ; any new implement or improvement they 
put on the market has been fully tested and found more desirable 
than the old. They do not experiment at the purchaser’s expense. 
Tub Stearns Fertilizer Co., 15 Nassau Street, New York, is man¬ 
aged by O. H. Stearns. About a year ago, a Pennsylvania farmer, 
after some correspondence, sent Mr. Stearns the money for a ton 
of muriate of potash. He has never received the potash or his 
money. Last August, this farmer wrote Tub R. N.-Y. about the 
case. After much trouble, we found Mr. Stearns, and for eight 
months, have been trying to get-him to do one of two things—send 
the potash or return the money. He has done neither. His 
business is done by sending out circulars of fertilizers and hen 
foods containing alleged “ testimonials ” from farmers. In this 
way, he secures new customers. Our Pennsylvania friend thought 
that he was a customer. He finds that he was a victim. Mr. 
Stearns appears to be a lawyer. From our .experience we would 
certainly make sure of the goods before sending him money. 
Evehy onb has become familiar with Hires’s root beer. It is 
a wholesome and most desirable summer drink. The firm have 
spent a great deal of money in perfecting it to get it just right, 
in putting it in the hands of local druggists and grocers within 
the reach of consumers at a reasonable price, and have, also, 
spent large sums of money in advertising it in various ways. 
Mr. Charles E. Hires is the proprietor. Mr. Geo. A. Hires, a name¬ 
sake, recently allied himself witti a couple of other men and began 
to counterfeit the original Hires root beer. The courts have, 
however, stepped in and issued an injunction restraining the new 
concern from imitating the packages and wrappers of the Charles 
E. Hires company, and from selling under the name of Hires. 
Tub R. N.-Y. approves the decision of the court. There is no more 
reason why a counterfeit article of this kind should sell for the 
original than there is that the products of the hog should be dis¬ 
guised to compete with the dairyman’s pound of honest butter. 
Cream Separator Facts. 
Since the Improved United States Separators have made records at the Experiment Stations, excelling all others, and now hold the 
PENNANT, 
our “ would-be competitors ” are trying all sorts of methods to break the force of the victories of the Improved United States Separator, and 
because our would-be competitors are distanced, they wish dairymen to have no confidence in Experiment Station tests (remember that 
when the tests were in their favor, before the Improved United States Separator was made, they advertised Experiment Station tests with a 
gteat llouiish of trumpets, but now tell dairymen they must not rely on them). What a change of sentiment of our “ would-be competitors.” 
It makes a great difference, in their eyes, about the value of tests, whether they are ahead or behind. 
“ Oh, Consistency, thou art a Jewel.” 
The “would-be competitors ” advertise tests juggled to suit themselves, from Bulletin No. 56, and these tests are for only one day (one day 
when on their side is as a thousand), but if they are willing to take their own medicine, why not admit that it does not amount to anything 
because it is so short —only once. 
Ihese “ would-be competitors ” advertise that only one of the Alpha Separators personally tested by Prof. Farrington left more than one 
tenth of one per cent, of fat in the skim-milk. The Bulletin shows that the milk from four out of twelve Alphas, sent in by the butter makers, 
tested, on an average, twenty hundredths of one per cent. The milk from the only two United States Separators, sent in by butter makers, 
averaged only twelve hundredths of one per cent., showing that the butter makers averaged better tests with the Improved United States than 
butter makers with the Alpha, as shown by this Bulletin, No. 56. 
Vermont Experiment Station Records show that during January and February twelve tests of the Improved United States Separator 
No. 1 averaged .08 of one per cent., and twelve tests of the Alpha De Laval averaged .12 of one per cent.; the Alpha left 50 per cent, more fat 
in the skim-milk than the Improved United States. 
At the Wisconsin Station nineteen tests of the Improved United States Separator No. 1, from December 18th to February 15th, averaged 
.07 of one per cent. The Separators were operated by students and reported by Prof. Farrington. 
At the riinnesota Experiment Station four tests averaged only .05 of one per cent. 
At the Iowa Agricultural College nineteen tests running through February, March and April, nine of these averaged .08 of one per cent., 
and the remaining ten of these were only a trace, too small to compute. 
The above records of Improved United States Separators are not confined to one test or each machine, but cover weeks and months of 
use, under the most trying conditions. I he records show that under all conditions the Improved United States Separator is not equalled. 
Catalogs free. Vermont Farm Machine Co., Bellows Falls, Vt. 
