1897 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
399 
SOME INCUBATOR QUESTIONS. 
HEAT J HYGROMETER ; THERMOSTAT. 
1 . I have two incubators, one holding 200 eggs, 
and one 300 eggs. I have juft had anew tank 
made of copper for the small one, but it requires 
more heat for the necessary temperature now 
than before, though 1 have two sheets of asbestos 
over the top, more than the usual covering. The 
tank is so hot that I cannot hold my hand on it. 
The large incubator heats with less fire than the 
small one, and the tank is not more than one- 
quarter as hot. The large one is constructed so 
that the air passes entirely around the tank, 
while in the small one, only the under side is 
exposed to the air. It is quite cool under the egg 
trays in the latter, while it is quite warm in the 
other. Will some one explain the reason ? 2. 
What kind or make of hygrometer is best ? How 
long can they be depended upon to record the 
moisture fairly accurately? 3. Who makes the 
best and longest-lived thermostat bar ? o. a. r. 
Nebraska. 
1. I cannot account for the loss of heat 
in any way except that the egg chamber 
has more ventilation in the small ma¬ 
chine than in the larger one. I think 
there is both bottom and top ventilation 
in the small machine, which causes a 
current and carries the heat off. 2. The 
best hygrometer for incubator use is the 
egg itself. The inexperienced can easily 
learn the amount of air space required 
by placing some eggs under hens at the 
same time he puts them in the incubator, 
examining every two or three days, and 
use moisture or more ventilation as the 
case may require to keep the air space 
the same in the eggs in the machine as 
in those under the hens. As a rule, 
there are few incubators that require 
much moisture, in most localities, only 
those having a great amount of ventila¬ 
tion, which dries the eggs down unless 
supplied with moisture. 3. The best and 
strongest working thermostat is made 
by Chas. A. Cyphers, 534 Moore Street, 
Philadelphia, Pa.; it is made of alumi¬ 
nium and steel, and so constructed that 
it will lift quite heavy regulators, and 
cannot weaken with age or heat, as is 
the case with those bars made with rub¬ 
ber and metal. J. e. stevknson. 
New Jersey. 
1. Probably the pipes contain air, 
which prevents the water from circulat¬ 
ing and uniformly distributing the 
warmth. Raise the incubator as high 
as possible at one end, shake briskly, 
and then repeat at the other end, so as 
to allow the confined air to escape. In 
nearly all cases where the heat is greater 
at one point than another, the cause is 
due to non-circulation of the water. 2. 
A hygrometer is of no value in an incu¬ 
bator, as it records the moisture in the 
incubator, but gives no assistance in de¬ 
termining whether the eggs require it 
or not. The best hatches are secured 
by the use of little or no moisture, 
Nature providing the egg with a suffic¬ 
iency. Which particular make of hygro¬ 
meter is best is unknown. 3. Hard 
rubber is considered the best material 
for thermostatic bars. r. H. JACOBS. 
New Jersey. 
1. I can see no reason why the small 
machine should take more heat than the 
large one, unless it should be in the cir¬ 
culation. I have had but very little to 
do with hot-water incubators, and when¬ 
ever I have, I think the hot air prefer¬ 
able. 2. I use no hygrometer. 3. L. R. 
Oakes, Bloomington, Ind., I believe, 
makes what is considered the best ther¬ 
mostat bar. D. A. MOUNT. 
New Jersey._ 
FEEDING YOUNG STOCK. 
The Dairy Calf. —Our method of rais¬ 
ing calves at the New Hampshire Sta¬ 
tion is as follows : A short time after 
the calf is dropped, it is taken from the 
dam altogether, she is milked by hand 
and the milk is given to the calf by 
means of a Smalley calf feeder. We 
then aim to give the calf the dam’s milk 
for a week following, in amounts of 
about 12 pounds per day, in two feeds, 
morning and night. The cow by this 
system does not miss her young so sadly 
as if left a longer period, and soon gives 
down her milk in a most natural manner. 
After the first week, we make the calf’s 
food one-half sweet separator milk and 
one-half of the dam’s whole milk ; we 
feed this a few days, and gradually 
taper down to all separator milk, when 
we substitute one pound per day of flax¬ 
seed jelly made by boiling three pounds 
of the ground flax seed in 24 pounds of 
water, about five hours. We have used 
the whole flax seed in the jelly form, 
and while the calves gained each week 
by actual proof on the scales, it was a 
decreasing gain to that of the ground 
flax seed, because so much of the whole 
seed passed through undigested. We 
then increase the amount of milk as the 
calf will take care of it without scour¬ 
ing, up to 20 pounds per day, which we 
find to be quite enough for calves at 
three and four months of age. 
As they grow older and learn to eat, 
we give a little ensilage at morning and 
noon, composed of Sanford corn and soja 
beans, of which we are careful to sepa¬ 
rate all the stalks, and ears of corn, and 
feed only the soft, juicy leaves. On the 
ensilage at noon, we give to a group of 
three calves, one pound each of dry oil 
meal and whole oats per week, that is 
one pound of each lasts one week for 
three calves. After two months or so, 
we increase the oats to two pounds per 
week, and give what hay they will eat 
up clean. We use the calf feeder only a 
few days; then we get the milk warmed 
to 90 degrees or so in a pail, and as yet 
have had no trouble in getting them to 
drink, for they take to it at once very 
readily. The milk, however, should be 
warmed all through the feeding with it. 
If the calf scour, reduce the ration and 
feed little and often ; if to an alarming 
extent, a tea made from white oak bark, 
or a little laudanum, acts as a preventive. 
Under this system we successfully fed 
our calves this past winter, and have six 
on hand now of grade Jerseys, Holsteins, 
and purebred Ayrshire, that called forth 
the admiration of all visitors, for their 
extremely good growth, form and 
healthy appearance. 
Feeding Young Heifers. —Having fed 
three Short-horn heifers the past winter 
without hay or any other dry matter, it 
may interestsome New England farmers 
to learn how it was done. They were 
carrying their first calves, and coming 
two years old. They were fed 108 
pounds of ensilage, 18 pounds of roots, 
15 pounds of bran, three pounds of mid¬ 
dlings and nine pounds of oil meal per 
day. The latter part of the winter, the 
roots were left out and apples fed in 
place of them in the same quantity. 
This ration was equally divided into 
three parts by weight, and each animal 
got the same amount. They were given 
water once a day, and also were well 
groomed daily. They came out in the 
spring in a most healthy, hearty condi¬ 
tion, good form and flesh, and altogether 
animals that one would take pride in 
showing to visitors. The experiment 
was started on December 12, 1896, and 
was completed April 10, 1897. Their re¬ 
spective weights at the start were, 741, 
611% and 692% pounds ; at the finish, 
they weighed 941, 838% and 901%, which 
proves quite clearly that they did not 
suffer for lack of food. h. m. h. 
New Hampshire Ex. Station. 
FORKFULS OF FACTS. 
Dutch Belted Cattle. —The Dutch 
Belted cattle are very hardy. In regard 
to their milking, they are ahead of the 
Holsteins with the care of the average 
farmer ; that is, with the same feed and 
care, a herd of Dutch Belted will give as 
much milk as a herd of Holsteins, or 
very near it. Of course, Holsteins are 
ahead of all breeds as milkers. The 
Dutch Belted give better milk, but not 
as rich as the Jerseys on the same kind 
of feed, bran, corn meal, cotton-seed 
meal. The Jersey is No. 1, the Dutch 
Belted No. 2, the Ayrshire No. 3, and 
the Holstein No. 4. That is the record 
just as I received it from the milk fac¬ 
tory where the milk is tested, and the 
cream always stood in those lines. I 
have a herd of Dutch Belted cattle I 
which are giving a good yield, but I | 
could not say just how much to a cow. I 
In regard to quantity of milk, it is all 
owing to the feed. I think there is more 
profit and more milk in a given quantity . 
of feed with the Dutch Belted than with 
the Holstein. What I mean by that is 
eight quarts of bran and four of meal. 
That is a good feed for Dutch Belted, 
but Holsteins would get poor on it. 
New York. A. c. 
“ The Helpful Hen.” —The Report of 
the Kansas State Board of Agriculture 
for the quarter ending March 31, is 
mostly devoted to “ Farm poultry, its 
rearing, management and marketing, 
especially as applicable to Kansas con¬ 
ditions and by Kansas people.” The re¬ 
port shows that, during 1896, the poultry 
products of the State sold for $3,608,815. 
A number of selected articles on various 
poultry topics are given, the Business 
Hen being among the publications levied 
upon. Illustrations and descriptions of 
numerous breeds of fowls are taken 
from Standard Varieties of Chickens, 
issued recently by the United States 
Department of Agriculture. The secre¬ 
tary, F. D. Coburn, has collected a great 
number of valuable articles on every 
branch of poultry raising, with artificial 
incubation and without, with descrip¬ 
tions and remedies for almost every 
known poultry disease. It is a valuable 
compilation for the poultry farmer. 
Part II. is made up of addresses, papers 
and discussions at the last annual meet¬ 
ing of the Board. It will be sent free to 
all who apply to the secretary, F. D. 
Coburn, Topeka, Kan. 
Two years ago I was aflllctsd with a bad Cough, 
which the physicians pronounced tobeCONSUMP- 
TION, but after usingtwo bottles of .layne’s Expec¬ 
torant, I was much gratified to find myself entirely 
cured.—C. II. THOMAS, Cedarvllle, Texas, October 
17,1895. 
The Best Pill—Jayne’s Sanative.— Aclv. 
<jS Money talks ! Wc guarantee that 
| T uttle’s 
1 Elixir 
(jk will cure anything that a liniment can 
® cure—$ioo reward for you if it doesn’t, 
flv Reference, publisher of this paper. 
W Send for circulars and full particulars to 
•W DR. S. A. TUTTLE, 27 Beverly St., Boston. 
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healed, toughened and cur 
while at work by . . 
MOORE BROS 
50c. and $ 1 by Poll 
mail,postpaid. Vjd.ll 
“"““K Powdt 
y8u FEED fob PROFIT? 
rFLIES'S?' MILK Flesh? 
No Fites, Ticks, Vermin, or Sores on Cows, 
if 1 cent is spent in U M A mm mm m mm 
Send 25 cents to U 3 9 11 L H W 
Mfg. (Jo., 1005 Fair- nji 99 fijj ® 
mount Ave., Phi la., ^ w ■ bl ■ 
Pa. They will return 1 pint, and gnarantee to refund 
money if cow is not protected. MERIT brought more 
duplicate 10 and 30 gallon orders in 1896 than eve,- 
before. A bonanza for Airents. 
SITTING HENS 
Will sit. eggs will hatch, chicks will grow, 
where LAMBERT'S DEATH to MCE is 
used. Safe, yet sure. Trial size, 10c post¬ 
paid; 100 ozs. by Ex., 11. Book free. 
D. J. LAMBERT, Box 307, Apponaug, R.I. 
Guernseys. 
225 purebred Guernseys of the best American and 
Island breeding. Butter average, whole herd, 318 
pounds per head. No catalogue. Come and make 
your own selection. 
ELLERSEIE STOCK FARM, 
RHINECLIFF, N. I. 
JERSEY CATTLE FOR SALE. 
First-class Dairy Stock. 
Registered CALVES, BULLS and COWS. 
R F SHANNON ■! 907 Liberty 8t„ Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Ii> I, onnnnun, ) Farm. Edgeworth, P.F.W.&C.R.R 
You Do Not Need Jerseys to increase 
their constituti mal vigor. Buy a vigorous young hull 
from some strain not related to your own. We have 
a yearling bull from Imported Cypress 17413 (aged 18 
years at birth of calf), sire Isabella’s Combination 
34757 that will suit you. S50 will buy him. Write for 
pe ilgreo and picture to J. GRANT MORSE, Hickory - 
nilt Farm, Poolvilie, N. Y. 
^ n. ^5 I extra lot of thoroughbred 
xJ I OCll v Ayrshire Bull Calves, of the 
choicest breeding, from great milkers and good but¬ 
ter-makers. I). M. CAMPBELL. Oneonta. N. Y. 
C HENANGO VALLEY STOCK FARM 8 , Greene, N. 
Y.—Dutch Belted and Jersey Cattle; Dorset and 
Rambouillet Sheep; Poland-China. Jersey Red and 
Suffolk Pigs; White and Bronze Turkeys. Peafowls 
and Blooded Chickens. J. D. VAN VALKENBURGH. 
Have you bought a Boar ? 
Wlllswood Herd 
Recorded Berkshire Swine. 
WILLS A. SEWARD, Budd’s Lake. N. J. 
Reg, P. Chinas, Berkshires 
and C.Whites. Positively hard 
times prices. Spring Pigs eight 
weeks old, not akin. Boars 
and Sows, all ages. Sows 
_ bred. Pure Poultry Eaas. 
HAMILTON & CO.. Cochranville, Chester Co.. Pa. 
75 Head of Registered Chester Whites 
nowready for shipping, from 
two to eight months old, 
sired by my prize boars, 
Chester 2nd 6017, Eureka 
King 6901, George R., 7369, 
and out of choice reg. sows 
Order soon and get the best. 
Send 2-cent stamp for catalogue and prices. Come 
see my stock and select for yourself. EDWARD 
WALTER, Eureka 8 tock Farm, West Chester, Pa. 
P OLAND-CHINA PIGS. — Another litter of 10 
Poland-China Pigs from a 400-lb. Yearling Sow at 
$7 Just the kind to Improve your herd. Orders 
booked. F. H. Gates & Sons. Chittenango, N. Y. 
REGISTERED 
DU ROC-JERSEY PIGS and 
fine-bred ST. BERNARD 
PUPS for sale. Write J. H. FARRINGTON, Sara¬ 
toga Springs. N. Y. 
Send for description of the 
Famous O, I. C. hogs, two 
which weighed 2806 lbs. Sold 
2995 for breeders in 1895*96. 
despite panic and hard times. 
First applicant from each lo* 
cality secures a pair ON TIME 
and an agency. 
L, B. SILVER CO. 
P O—iPRICES REDUCED. B. & W. P. 
» O Rock, W. & s Wyandotte. W. Hr. 
& Buff Leghorn. Bl. Minorca. 13. *1: 30 $2; 100 $4. W 
Wyandottes best farmers’ fowls. Catalogue free. 
PINE TREE FARM, Jamesburg, N. J. 
cuuo Ducks; selected breeders; must be sold. 
Stamp for cat. Brookskle Poultry Farm.Columbus.N.J 
|/\rt-egg Monitor Incubator, too small for my 
■ W use. with R C. B leghorn or White P. 
Rock eggs to fill it at 812. Victor Brooder. $5. Both In 
perfect order. R. C. B. Leghorn hens, six for $5. 
White P. Rock Breeding Pens very cheap for qual¬ 
ity. An outfit for the manufacture of Amber Cane 
Syrup, cheap. If taken on the farm. 
S. A. LITTLE, Malcom, Seneca County, N. Y. 
f-Regulatlng. Catalogue free. 
8 . SINGER, Cardlngton, Ohio. 
Healthy 
Hens 
Keep your hens well by the 
use of Chloro-Naptholeum. 
Cures and preventschicken 
cholera, cures gapes and 
kills hen lice and fieas. 
Chloro-Naptholeum 
is a potent scientific harmless 
germicide, insecticide, disin¬ 
fectant, preventive and general 
stock remedy. 1 gallon sent 
freight paid upon receipt of 
$1.50. Agent* Wanted. 
We»t lMulnfectiiifc Co., 
206 St *208 E. 57th St., .New York. 
INCUBATORS^ 
.» . <■» i <«>. w a m, m » <>- 
Be sure and work your horso when you are treating him with I 
BICKMORE’S CALL CURE for Collar or Harness Galls, Cuts,? 
Berate tyjs and Speed Cracks. We guarantee a cure under those con- X 
ditions. This remedy is equally good for Cracked or Chapped Teats I 
on cows and for external sores in man. Your dealer has it. If not send » 
10c. for sample; enough to cure one horse. BICKMORE CALL CURE CO. Box 709, Old Town. Me. S 
GALL CURE 
LICE 
THYMO-CRESOL 
Fleas, Ticks, Scab, Mange and 
other parasitical troubles. “The 
Cold Water Dip,” recommended 
and used by the leading Breeders and Veterinarians all over the 
_ ■ world; non-poisonous. Mixes instantly with cold water. Sample bv 
mail 50 c. For sale by all reliable dealers. LaIvfgrd Bros., Baltimore, Md., Sole Agents for U. S. 
AMERICAN LIVE-STOCK COMPANY 
will buy any purebred animal needed on your farm. SPECIAL FACILITIES In securing freight and 
other charges. Close connections with breeders In the United States and England enable this 
company to make exceptional selections at reasonable prices. Address S4 State St., New York. 
4®” 'Refers by permission to Tilt: Rural New-Yorker. 
