1897 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
4o7 
Farmers’ Club Discussion. 
(CONTINUED.) 
period of the life of the horse, the first 
year of the colt. This explains why 
horses from hill countries always bring 
the top prices in our markets. 
Crimson Clover on Long Island. 
E. J. P.. Central Ist.tp, Long Island, 
N. Y —My experience with Crimson 
clover leads me to think that it has come 
to stay in this neighborhood. I think I 
bought the first seed that was sown in 
Hauppauge, about three years ago, pay¬ 
ing $5 a bushel for it. It did moderately 
well the first year, and I saved about 
eight or ten bushels of seed in the hulls. 
Next year, it was better, and I sowed 
more ; this year, it has made a very 
heavy growth, except on a hillside 
where it was very dry and gravelly, and 
on that it died early this spring. I went 
over the field this afternoon and picked 
some of the finest blooms; it is so rank 
in many places, as to lodge badly. I 
picked two or three stalks to measure, 
and one was 25% inches from root to 
tip of bloom. I sow the seed in the 
hulls, having gathered it by hand. I 
can gather from one to two or three 
bushels an hour. I get it much cleaner 
this way than when I cut it and had it 
pounded out, and save all the seed but 
what is left in the field. 
The Bubach Strawberries. 
H. E. Van Deman, Virginia. —In 
answer to an inquiry, The R. N.-Y. re¬ 
cently stated that there is only one 
Bubach strawberry, so far as the editor 
knew. This is a mistake. Having a per¬ 
sonal acquaintance with Mr. J. G. Bu¬ 
bach, now deceased, so I have heard, and 
having talked with him several times 
at his home and elsewhere in regard to 
his seedling strawberries, I had it from 
his own mouth that he has originated a 
great many varieties. Among the first 
lot which he grew, the one he had as 
his “ No. 5 ” proved to be the best, and 
it is this one that has made the name 
Bubach famous. It is very proper to 
drop the number from the name as has 
been done. It would be well, and save 
much annoyance, if all varieties of fruits 
were sent out to the general public shorn 
of their numbers, as they are very trou¬ 
blesome and almost meaningless. Mr. 
Bubach grew several batches of seed¬ 
ling strawberries, one of which under 
the number 174 (?), as I remember it, 
he told me the last time I met him, he 
thought would eclipse all his others. 
But this has not proved to be the case, 
so far as the public has known it. I 
think it is imperfect in flower, as is the 
one which bears his name so proudly in 
almost all sections. Indeed, none of the 
later kinds from this source has, so far, 
proved of special value. 
We Have aoout 125 varieties oi straw¬ 
berries on trial at the Rural Grounds 
this season. That is about the number 
we have had for 20 years. There are 
among all these varieties just about five 
that we would select for family use, and 
about five others for market. That is 
not very encouraging for the originators 
of new varieties, is it ? The R. N.-Y. 
has been raising seedlings from the best 
varieties for many years. We are not 
sure that we have one variety that, all 
things considered, is better than those 
already on the market. 
Color Groups. —With the arrival of 
spring once more, we are reminded to 
call again to the minds of our readers 
the desirability of planting trees for 
color contrasts. To illustrate, let us 
speak for a moment of a certain clump 
of trees on the Rural Grounds which, 
more than any other, is praised by vis¬ 
itors. The group numbers six. Most 
prominent among them is a Golden oak 
about 25 feet tall, trimmed to a pyram- 
dal shape. At the time of writing 
(June 1), this tree -is, one might say, a 
mass of sunshine. We have looked at 
it on a dark day and felt that, in that 
spot, at least, the sun was shining This 
oak is the light of the group. It brings 
out the richness of the darker surround¬ 
ing trees, which in their turn heighten 
its color. Close beside the oak stands 
a Purple beech, looking darker and 
richer for a position beside its fair com¬ 
panion. Next in the group stand two 
evergreens. One of these, the Alcock’s 
spruce, is a beautiful dark green tree 
with a softening suggestion of gray 
which grows more pronounced as one 
nears the tree and looks up into its 
branches. This appearance is given by 
the silvery under side of the needles. 
The other evergreen is a Weeping hem¬ 
lock now covered with the light green 
new growth. The largest tree of the 
group is a Yellow horse chestnut which, 
seen in the light of the Golden oak, 
shows off well its dark green foliage— 
that rich foliage that, in the sunlight, 
has a touch of blue. In the foreground 
stands the smallest of the group, a 
charming little Japanese maple, our 
especial delight, botanically Acer poly- 
morphum dissectum atropurpureum. It 
is only about three feet tall, and its 
branches droop on every side to the 
ground. At this season of the year, it 
is red in color, bordering on pink, with 
hardly a tinge of green. The leaves are 
so finely cut that the little tree has the 
appearance of extreme fern-like deli¬ 
cacy. Such is our most pleasing color 
group, showing four distinct colors and 
twice as many shades. This little spot 
in our grounds has given us more actual 
pleasure and satisfaction than we can 
well describe. 
Planting for contrast in foliage is al¬ 
most sure to be satisfactory for the rea¬ 
son that ever so little contrast is effect¬ 
ive ; yet, on the other hand, there is no 
fear of producing too violent an effect. 
The range of color in foliage is so tem¬ 
pered that there is almost no chance 
of inharmonious combinations, against 
which we have to guard so carefully in 
flowers. Start your little color groups or 
belts at the very next tree planting. They 
will be an unceasing source of comfort 
to you and your family in the years to 
come. 
The growth, in the early years, at 
least, of the Golden oak is so much 
faster than that of the Purple beech that, 
for several years, it is necessary to cut it 
back, if we would have them suitable 
companions. 
.Minnewaska is Correct. —Oo page 294, our good 
friend Mr. Carman, the editor of Rurallsms, in 
discussing the nomenclature of the Minnewaska 
blackberry, inclines to the opinion that I may be 
wrong in the above spelling, and that“Minne- 
waski”is correct. Ido not blame any one for 
holding to the mistaken idea about the termina¬ 
tion of the word until the facts are clearly stated 
upon good authority. Having stated these years 
ago, I thought the matter would adjust Itself in 
the fruit lists and elsewhere, and so it has for 
the most part. But now that the matter is again 
in dispute, I have obtained the information 
afresh and in detail and give it this additional 
publicity. This valuable blackberry originated 
in Ulster Co., N. Y., and was introduced by A. J. 
Caywood & Son, nearly 15 years ago. Specimens of 
the fruit were received from them by me at Wash¬ 
ington, D. C., in 1888, under the name “Minne¬ 
waska”. Later, when there was some conflict of 
opinion as to the spelling of the name, a letter 
from Mr. W. C. Caywood, son of A. J., deceased, 
in reply to an inquiry informed us: “ It is, as you 
infer, a name given to a lake in our vicinity by 
the Indians, and is spelled Minnewaska.” It is 
also a fact that there is a post office by that name 
near where the variety originated, and the name 
is spelled in the same way. Mr. Caywood, Sr., 
had told me the above in substance in conversa¬ 
tion before his death, but I was desirous to have 
the matter on record from headquarters. A knowl¬ 
edge of these facts ought to prove conclusively 
that the American Pomological Society, and cer¬ 
tain State experiment stations and eminent 
nurserymen to whom Mr. Carman referred me, 
are incorrect in the use of the spelling “ Minne- 
waski ”. H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
The R. N.-Y. is, and always has been, a 
stickler for absolutely correct nomen¬ 
clature. In this case, we would say 
that, while Minnewaska is the correct 
way to spell the name, Minnewaski is, 
perhaps, more euphonious, and might 
be permitted to stand for the same rea¬ 
son that one would be justified in spell¬ 
ing Fanny, Fannie, if he so preferred. 
Mr. Caywood did prefer the i to the a 
terminal. 
Nevertheless it is our experience that 
these little trees overtake the larger 
trees in a few years, and they usually 
make shapelier and thriftier specimens. 
Cold Storage Baldwins. —The fol¬ 
lowing note is from Cbas. A. Green, of 
Rochester, N. Y. : 
You asked me to make a report on cold storage 
apples. I mail you to-iay a small-sized Bald¬ 
win apple which came from our cold storage 
house three weeks ago (May 5), and which has 
since been kept in an ordinary house cellar. 
Notice the quality which, I think, is as good as 
any Baldwin I ever ate. Also, you will probably 
notice that the core has a brownish tint. I 
noticed this a month ago in cold storage apples, 
and was fearful that this was an indication that 
the apples would rot at the core. Such, however, 
was not the case, since I have not found a single 
specimen rotting at the core. I have a few bar¬ 
rels yet in cold storage, which I am experiment¬ 
ing with, intending to keep them there for several 
months. 
The apple was as sound as an apple 
could be and the quality much the same 
as a winter Baldwin—possibly not quite 
so j uicy. 
Transplanting Small Evergreens 
in Late Fall —All experienced nursery¬ 
man agree that late fall is not the 
best time for transplanting evergreens. 
Spring is regarded as the best time, and 
even late summer is preferred to late 
fall. This preference has to do with 
evergreens from, say, two to three feet 
high and upwards. IIow about little 
evergreens from three to four inches up 
to a foot? To answer this question, we 
put the little trees to be transplanted to 
a severe test. They were ordered by 
mail from Robert Douglas & Sons, Wau¬ 
kegan, Ill., and were received at the 
Rural Grounds not until the middle of 
November. The ground was so frozen 
that it was necessary to use a pick in 
some places to loosen the soil. They 
were planted in one long row about six 
inches apart, and the soil about them 
covered with a mulch of manure. These 
little trees were the following : 36 White 
pines four inches high ; 13 Pinus ponde- 
rosa, five inches high ; 52 Blue spruce 
(Picea pungens), five inches high ; Doug¬ 
las spruce, eight to ten inches high ; 51 
Abies ooncolor, six inches high ; 50 seed¬ 
lings of Douglas spruce, six inches high ; 
7 Douglas Arbor vitae about 10 inches 
high ; 1 Douglas Golden juniper, 10 in¬ 
ches high ; 7 European larches, 18 inches 
high. Of these, all lived and are now 
growing freely except the following : 
Three Arbor vitae, five Abies concolor, 
So that out of a total of 225 trees, but 
eight died. 
Certainly this is very instructive, and 
valuably so, since it is far more con¬ 
venient to most farmers to order and 
plant such trees late in the fall after the 
main crops are harvested than in the 
spring, when there is always a pressure 
of important work. 
It is generally thought that the Euro¬ 
pean larch would not live unless trans¬ 
planted in early spring. 
We secured also a dozen of the Hardy 
catalpa, C. speciosa, about a foot high. 
All are alive. 
It is true that these little trees give 
more trouble in one way than larger 
trees. It is best to plant them in nursery 
rows or plots, and so cultivate them for 
two years. Then they may be trans¬ 
planted to their permanent places. The 
larger trees may, of course, be planted 
at once, where they are to remain. 
Minnewaski or Minnewaska — We 
have received the following from Wm. 
H. S. Wood, of this city : 
I have noticed recently a communication in Tue 
I t. N.-Y. respecting the proper spelling of “Minne¬ 
waska,” In which it is claimed that the terminal 
letter should be “i” instead of “ a.” In a com¬ 
munication recently received from my friend, Mr. 
Albert II. Smiley, of Mohonk Lake, and of Minne¬ 
waska, Ulster County, N. Y., he states that, years 
ago, a Kingston paper, in speaking of his pur¬ 
chase of the property which he has brought into 
such public notice, erroneously spelt the name 
with a terminal “ i,” and has ever since persisted 
in the error, and that that is the only authority 
that Messrs. Caywood have for the spelling 
which they say they “ prefer.” Up to the time of 
the erroneous spelling referred to, Mr. Smiley 
says, the word was always spelled with a termina 
“ a,” and that he considers it the only correct 
spelling of this Indian word. Unless some one 
has some better reason for spelling it with an 
“i” instead of “ a,” than simply “ preference,” 
it seems to me that it would be better to retain 
the original spelling. 
It is rather a nice question. Suppose 
Mr. Caywood had named the blackberry 
he originated Waskaminne, would any 
one have challenged his right to do so ? 
Mr. A. W. Smith, of Americus, Ga., is 
a great admirer of the new Japan morn¬ 
ing glorys. From his own experience, 
he knows that there are superior and 
inferior strains. He has 20,000 running 
feet of trellis given to these vines, and 
“ such a show can be seen nowhere else 
on earth.” He has no seeds for sale.... 
N. Y.STATE FAIR, 
SYRACUSE, N. Y. 
August 23 to 28, 1897. 
$25,000 in Premiums. New Buildings. 
New Water Plant. Great Attractions. 
Premium Lists now Ready. Apply to 
JUS. B. DOCHARTV, Sec’y, Albany, N. Y. 
Special Railroad Facilities, Reduced Rates and 
all exhibits unloaded from cars on Fair Grounds 
Irresponsible Agents. 
They are always ready to guarantee you against 
all claims for infringement. Fence buyers should 
remember that other gentleman (?) who was ready 
to give a warrantee deed of the whole earth, and 
buy the Coiled Spring article, of the ubm.lute 
owners, the 
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ADAM 
THE FENCE MAN 
Makes Woven Wire 
Fence that “Stands 
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I Farm Fence Made. ____ _ 
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WHO’S SHELLABERfiER 7 
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the best and cheapest fencing in existence for all pur¬ 
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GENERAL AGENTS 
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225 Dearbors Street. Chicago. 
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