494 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
July 24 
HOPE FARM NOTES. 
GROWING POTATOES BY MAC 31NKRY 
I am wearied seeing- my men try to raise poia- 
toes wholly by hand labor. Is there any way by 
which a good crop may be secured, the work being 
entirely done by horses and machinery from start 
to finish ? We have machinery to plant and 
gather. Have we anything to weed and hill 
them up ? c. A. s. 
Vancouver, B. C. 
In reply to these questions, we will 
tell just exactly how our potatoes at 
Hope Farm were grown this year. The 
ground was an old field that had been in 
corn and Lima beans, the soil being hard 
and cloddy. This was first worked up 
carefully with a Cutaway harrow. This 
tool requires two horses, and the driver 
rides upon a comfortable seat. A good 
team will tear up between four and five 
acres of such land in a day with this 
tool. After working with the Cutaway, 
the land was plowed with a swivel or 
side hill plow which turned all the fur¬ 
rows one way. While this plowing with 
the Cutaway was not absolutely neces¬ 
sary, we preferred to do it. By deep 
plowing, we turned the loose soil torn 
up by the Cutaway, down to the bottom 
furrows, and made a deep and porous 
bed which has remained mello w and open 
all through the season. After plowing, 
the ground was worked twice with the 
Acme harrow and once with a harrow 
with slanting teeth, both of which per¬ 
mit a driver to ride. The seed was cut 
by hand, although we might have used 
a potato cutter and thus performed this 
operation by machine. 
The potatoes were planted in drills 
six feet apart, using the Improved Rob¬ 
bins potato planter. The field had been 
already set to currants, blackberries and 
raspberries in rows six feet apart, and 
the planter was run between the rows 
of small fruits. This machine opened 
the furrows, dropped the fertilizer and 
mixed it with the soil, dropped the seed 
15 inches apart, covered it, raised a little 
ridge over the furrow and packed it 
down. Two men were required to 
manipulate this machine; one sat in 
front to drive the horses, and the other 
sat behind filling in wherever the plant¬ 
ing device failed to pick up a seed piece. 
We were able to plant something over 
four acres a day, even in this fruit field 
where careful driving was necessary and 
frequent turnings were made. 
After planting, the field was left until 
the potatoes broke through. If we had 
owned a Breed’s weeder, we would have 
started four days after planting, and 
run lightly up and down along the rows. 
This would have scratched out and 
destroyed millions of little weeds and 
saved hand hoeing almost entirely. As 
it is, we did not touch the crop until the 
plants were about two inches high. 
Then we began work with the Iron Age 
riding cultivator. This cultivator re¬ 
quires two horses which are spread far 
apart so that one horse walks on each 
side of the row. The teeth are under 
perfect control. The operator by use of 
either hand or feet, can move the mid¬ 
dle teeth nearly a foot from side to side, 
so that he can work close up to the 
plants or dodge them when the rows are 
not straight or a single plant is out of 
line. The teeth at work between the 
rows, are also under perfect control, 
and can be raised or lowered with very 
little labor. We can easily cover eight 
to 10 acres a day with this implement, 
and a light boy or woman can drive it 
without fatigue, and thus permit the 
men to do heavier or more important 
work. We have cultivated our potatoes 
on an average, once each week and only 
one hand hoeing has been required, and 
this could have been largely prevented, 
had we used a harrow or Breed’s weeder 
before the plants came up. 
The potato bugs were killed with a 
Paris-green gun, which drives the dry 
Paris-green, either pure or mixed with 
plaster, in a dust directly upon the vines. 
We can cover an acre an hour without 
any difficulty. If a large area of pota¬ 
toes is to be grown and there is any ob¬ 
jection to the hand labor of the Paris- 
the bush so as to prolong its fruiting 
season. We shall, certainly, set more 
Columbians. Kansas for black and 
Loudon for red, are excellent market 
raspberries. In setting out currants last 
spring, we decided to take Mr. Willard's 
advice and use only Wilder and Prince 
Albert for reds. The Wilder '• hangs 
on ” like the Columbian raspberry, and 
gives a longer fruiting season than Fay. 
W. D. Barnes tells me that he continues 
to pick Wilder for some time after the 
Fays are all gone. We have a few 
bushes of White Imperial. About the 
finest currant jelly that can be made 
consists of four parts White Imperial 
with one part Fay or Wilder to give it a 
darker color._ H. w. c. 
Live Stock Matters 
AILING ANIMALS. 
ANSWERS BY DR F L KII.BORNE. 
A Cow That Drank Bordeaux Mixture 
M. J/., Medway, Mass.—I have a cow which got 
to a barrel of Bordeaux Mixture to-day (six 
pounds blue vitriol to 50 gallons) and drank 
about four gallons of the clear liquid which re¬ 
mains above the sediment. I did not know what 
to do for her, but have given her 1 J 4 pound of 
salts. I do not know that a reply can reach me in 
time to do any good this time, but the informa¬ 
tion will be convenient to have. How serious a 
poison is the mixture, and what should be the 
treatment ? 
The medicinal dose of blue vitriol 
(sulphate of copper) for cattle is one- 
fourth to one-half ounce. A cow could, 
probably, take a single dose of two or 
three ounces without serious injury. 
Larger quantities than that would be 
liable to cause fatal inflammation of the 
stomach and intestines. With cattle or 
sheep, a much larger dose of poison can 
be taken with impunity when deposited 
in the paunch or first stomach, than when 
passed directly on to the third stom¬ 
ach. Id swallowing liquids, ruminants. 
(Continued on next page.) 
CREAM SEPARATORS. 
De Laval “ Alpha” and‘Baby” Separators. 
First—Best—Cheapest. Ail Styles—Sizes. 
Save S10 per cow per year. Send for Catalogue. 
Prices, $50 to $800. 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO., 
Randolph and Canal Sts., 
CHICAGO. 
74 Cortlandt Street, 
NEW YORK. 
flu st Have Butter. 
People must have bread and butter in 
this country, espe¬ 
cially the butter— 
and they insist on 
having the butter 
of good quality. 
The best plan for 
the man who wants 
to supply the mar¬ 
ket with butter is 
| to get a Safety 
__ Hand Separator 
into his dairy room. It is a requisite 
which cannot be omitted. 
P. M. SHARPLES, 
West Chester, Pa 
Elgin, Ill. 
Rutland, Vt. 
No. 
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39 Railroad Street, Cortland, N. Y. 
THE PERFECTION 
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AND AERATOR. Latest 
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and prices. 
L. U. LEWI 8 , 
50 Main St., Cortland.N.Y 
green gun, tbe Peppier sprayer can be 
used, with which two horses will spray 
25 acres in one day. Some of our 
readers have used the Paris-green gun 
on riding cultivators like the Iron Age. 
By means of a sprocket wheel, they 
have connected the wheel of the gun 
with the wheel of the cultivator and 
trained the gun directly over the vines, 
in this way dusting the poison on by 
horse power. 
We shall dig our potatoes by hand or 
put on the shovels at the rear of the 
Iron Age cultivator and plow them out 
in this way. It is thus possible to do 
practically all the work of growing pota¬ 
toes, except that of picking the tubers 
after digging, by horse power. The 
outfit of tools, including a good digger, 
will cost about $160, so that it will be 
necessary to raise potatoes on a large 
scale, in order to obtain the interest on 
this investment. We find that the dig¬ 
ging is easier when the potatoes are 
slightly hilled, though iu a very dry sea¬ 
son, the yield will not be so large It is 
hard to get a potato plow that will do 
good work when potatoes are planted 
deep and worked level. 
X X t 
The house flies at Hope Farm are, 
certainly, of thoroughbred stock if 
ability to make human life miserable 
counts in their pedigree. We drove them 
out of the house until our arms ached. 
Then the Madame took the price of three 
bushels of early potatoes and started to 
fortify against them. For $1 34 she 
bought fine wire netting enough to tack 
over the lower sash in 10 windows, while 
$1 28 bought a door frame and the wire 
for it. She tacked the whole thing up 
in half a day, and thus protected the 
lower story of the house. The flies were 
thick inside, so doors and windows were 
closed and a good fire of sulphur started. 
In an hour, she expected to find the flies 
all dead, but strange to say, not one 
seemed to be injured by the fumes. 
When the door was opened they made a 
rush for the outside—which is just 
where they belong. Buhach dusted into 
the air will bring nearly all the flies 
down to the floor, but our experience is 
that they revive in less than an hour, 
and are about as lively for mischief as 
ever. Good wire screens, with an 
occasional “driving out,” will be our 
remedy for house flies. 
X X X 
We have been busy rooting young 
strawberry plants for fall setting. Our 
strawberries were set out in April in 
rows six feet apart, between rows of 
early potatoes. The potatoes are now 
dug and the plants are making runners. 
We had a soaking rain on July 13, but 
for the week previous, the ground was 
so dry that runners would not root. In¬ 
stead of potting plants, we make a small 
hole with the trowel, put in a quantity 
of rich soil and manure and soak in well 
with water. Then set the runner in 
this hole and bring earth up about it. 
This gives us all the benefits of potting, 
and when the ground is in proper con¬ 
dition, the little plants will be put 
where they belong with a Richards’s 
transplanter. Some of our Parker Earle 
plants are making a surprising number 
of runners. Our varieties for next year’s 
fruiting are Parker Earle, Bubach, 
Gardner, Haverland, Glen Mary and 
Tennessee Prolific. We expect to cover 
a field now in Crosby sweet corn with 
such plants as we have described. The 
fiDe rain of J uly 13 has soaked the ground 
so that it will not be necessary to water 
the runners. 
X X X 
We have had a small crop of the 
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NOTHING BUT CRAIN 
INSURES 
$3.50 PER 100 LBS. FOR MILK 
Looks big. doesn’t it ? But It’s true. That is just 
what milk brings when sold as Neufcliatel Cheese. 
We toll you how to make them for 25 cents. Send 
postal note for formula. 
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THE BEST GRINDER. 
Farmers now prefer French Buhr Mills, which 
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HEEBNERS 
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