1897 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
623 
Hope Farm Notes. 
(continued.) 
larger growth ;in the same length of time, than 
they did before. If the frost hold off long enough, 
they will still mature a heavy crop of seed. Those 
Large Early Black peas are surely the “ Business 
pea,” and will give the maximum amount of 
mature vines and peas, and satisfaction, in the 
minimum space of time and expense. You do 
not state when the crop was removed, but it is 
probable that the growth will be much heavier 
than you could secure from Crimson clover this 
fall. For this reason, they are a much better 
crop to precede strawberries or any other crop 
that must be planted very early in the spring. 
They are grand as a preparatory crop for early 
potatoes. A good point about cow peas is, that, 
if you plant them, you are sure of a crop—even 
on poor soil—and, of course, .a much better crop 
on good soil. I never knew a failure—unless by 
planting too early. They are a hot-weather crop, 
and must not be planted until frosts are past, 
and the soil has become warm. 
Some of your subscribers who bought seed of 
me, have written to know when to plow them 
under, and how to do it, as their vines are so 
rank that plowing under effectually, seems im¬ 
possible. I have had best results from plowing 
under in the fall when the first pods begin to 
ripen. They have then attained their greatest 
development of leaves and vines. Before plow¬ 
ing, roll the vines down perfectly flat with a 
heavy field roller, driving exactly as you intend 
to plow it. Then use a large plow (I use a No. 40 
Oliver) and a heavy chain to drag all the vines 
under. Plow eight or nine inches deep. By 
plowing under in the fall, the vines become well 
rotted during winter, hence more available for 
an early crop, than if plowed in spring. 
Some of your readers may desire to save their 
own seed, and will want to know how to do it. I 
have tried various ways of harvesting the seed 
crop, but find by far the most satisfactory way is 
to hire the pods picked from the vines in the 
field, by hand. My help, who do this work, are 
all colored women and their chi dren. I aim to 
pick all the vines over twice, the first time when 
about one-half the pods are ripe and dry, and 
last, when all have ripened. I pay 30 cents per 
100 pounds for picking the dry pods. In this way, 
I secure seed of the best possible quality, free 
from dirt and rubbish, and still have all the vines 
and leaves where I want them to plow under. 
We formerly beat out the peas from the pods with 
flails, by hand, but found it slow and expensive. 
We now use a hulling machine or sheller, which 
runs by hand, separates the peas from the hulls 
perfectly, without splitting or breaking them, 
and fans them up beautifully ready for market, 
all at one operation, and at the rate of five to 
seven bushels per hour. 
We do not want to plow the vines under 
until next spring. We shall let them 
grow until frost, and then they will lie 
on the ground all winter. In the spring, 
we expect to chop them up with a Cut¬ 
away and then plow the ground. 
trouble, undoubtedly, lies either in the 
food or surroundings, and when the 
cause is ascertained and removed, the 
trouble will cease. 
Live Stock Matters 
AILING ANIMALS. 
ANSWERS BY DB. F. L. KILBOBNE. 
Swelling on Cow's Knees; Bitter Milk. 
F. J. f)., Highland Park. {No State) .—My Jersey 
cow has soft lumps on her knees, one the size of 
a two-quart pail. What will take them off ? They 
seem to be full of water. She failed in her milk 
about four months after calving ; it was clotted 
and thick, and when set for cream, it tasted 
bitter, had a strong smell, and would not come to 
butter. She does not get over it, and it is six 
weeks since. She is in good condition and good 
feed. Would it be best to get rid of her, or do you 
think that she will be all right another year ? She 
still gives four quarts of milk, and is four months 
from calving. 
The swellings were, probably, caused 
by the bruising and continual irritation 
from kneeling on a hard floor. Draw off 
the liquid with a small trocar and can¬ 
nula. In the absence of a small veterin¬ 
ary trocar, the trocar usually accompany¬ 
ing the aspirators commonly used by 
physicians will answer the purpose very 
nicely ; the instrument should be steril¬ 
ized each time before using, by holding 
in boiling water two or three minutes. 
Make the puncture near the lower border 
of the sac, the more readily to draw off 
the contents. After emptying the sac, 
paint the skin over the whole swelling 
with the compound tincture of iodine, 
and repeat the application every four or 
five days. If the sac fill again, as it 
usually will for a time, draw off the 
contents every week or 10 days. 
The hitter taste to the milk is, usually, 
due to the presence of micro-organisms, 
which are commonly taken in with im¬ 
pure water ; contamination may, also, 
result from uncleanliness, foul surround¬ 
ings, or even from infected hay, straw 
or other food. Another cow placed 
under the same conditions would be 
liable to have the same trouble. Ex¬ 
amine the drinking water and make sure 
that it is pure, and that the cow does 
not have access to stagnant water or 
impure food materials of any kind. 
Change the pasture, or make a complete 
change in the <Jiet if necessary. The 
Chronic Cough in a Colt. 
W. H. L., Garnett, S. G .—My colt, when about 
two months old, had distemper, got on well, and 
discharged from the nose and under the throat. 
Ever since then it has had a cough and discharge 
from the nose. It is now 17 months old. I think 
it is catarrh, but I don’t know. I have never 
done anything for the colt. I was advised to let 
it alone, but it does not seem to get any better. 
Steam the head daily, preferably at 
evening, by holding the nose over a 
bucket of boiling water for 15 minutes. 
Take an ordinary grain bag that is free 
from dust, and cut it open at the bottom. 
Hold one end over the colt’s nose, while 
the other end is drawn over the bucket 
of water. This will confine the steam 
so that the colt will readily inhale it. 
A few drops of spirits of turpentine may 
be added to the water to advantage just 
before the steaming. Give one of the 
following powders in the feed night and 
morning: Sulphate of copper, three 
ounces ; powderednux vomica. 1% ounce; 
gentian, six ounces ; mix and make into 
24 powders. If there be marked im¬ 
provement, repeat the course of pow¬ 
ders after 10 days. But if there be little 
or no improvement, try instead one 
dram iodide of potash once daily, to be 
given either in the drinking water or in 
a little ground feed. 
The Symptoms of Tuberculosis. 
■J. E., Artesia, Fla .—I have a very fine cow, at 
least she was until she commenced going down. 
She is five years old, and has had three calves. 
She always kept very fat, but was still & good 
milker. Two months ago, she began falling off, 
and will not eat much. I have changed her food 
often, but she won’t pick up. She doesn’t look 
sick, but is getting poorer. What are the symp¬ 
toms of tuberculosis? The cow has a slight 
cough, but doesn’t cough often. 
The symptoms of tuberculosis are so 
variable, that it is impossible briefly to 
give symptoms from which a positive 
diagnosis could be made in a large num¬ 
ber of cases. The symptoms are often 
so slight, or the lesions so masked, that 
even an expert cannot make a diagnosis 
from a physical examination. The most 
common symptoms at the outset of the 
disease are a rough, staring coat; grad¬ 
ual emaciation or falling off in condition 
without apparent cause ; a dry, hacking 
cough is often present, but it may be 
almost entirely absent; when present, 
it is most noticeable just after drinking 
or eating dry fodder, or when exercised 
or excited in any way. The symptoms 
in this case are very suggestive of tuber¬ 
culosis, yet it may be simply a case of 
chronic indigestion. If possible, I would 
have the cow examined by a competent 
veterinarian, and if a positive diagnosis 
cannot be given from a physical examina¬ 
tion, subject her to the tuberculin test. 
In the meantime, it would be a safe pre¬ 
caution not to use the milk until steril¬ 
ized by scalding or by heating to a tem¬ 
perature of 180 degrees F. for, at least, 
10 minutes. If unable to have the cow 
properly examined, try the following 
powders : sulphate of soda and powdered 
gentian root, of each one pound ; ginger, 
eight ounces ; powdered nux vomica, 
four ounces ; mix, make into 30 powders, 
and give one powder in the feed twice 
daily. If no improvement follow the 
use of the powders, there is a strong pre¬ 
sumption that the cow is tuberculous. 
SEPARATOR SKIM-MILK. 
WHAT IS IT GOOD FOB? 
We began using the U. S. separator 
the first of this year ; we had previously 
used the Cooley creamer, feeding calves 
and pigs with the skim-milk. We were 
sometimes troubled with scours in 
calves, but after changing to separator 
milk, had no more trouble from that 
source. We teach our calves to drink as 
soon as they are strong enough, often do 
not let them suck the cow at all. The 
first week, we give whole milk ; as soon 
as they drink well, add a small amount 
of separator milk, and increase this and 
diminish the whole milk until, at three 
weeks, they are entirely on skim-milk. 
Mix one part oil meal, two parts wheat 
bran, one part ground oats, give the calf 
a very little at first, and increase as the 
calf grows. Give the meal dry and just 
after feeding the milk. Feed the milk 
warm just from the separator. For pigs, 
we use corn meal and bran. f. l. i>. 
I consider separator skim-milk com¬ 
plete feed for growing pigs and grow¬ 
ing calves, not calves that are being 
fattened for the butcher, but those 
that are being raised. When I have 
a plenty, I feed it to them sometimes 
until they wean themselves. I am 
feeding some now to one that is a year 
old this month. I once fattened a hog 
op this milk without any other feed, and 
it made Dice pork, but I wouldn’t recom¬ 
mend that as a rule ; but growing pigs, 
I don’t think, need anything with it. 
We run the milk through the separator 
as soon as we are done milking, then feed 
the skim-milk right away, so they get it 
warm except the noon feed, and that the 
pigs have to take cold in warm weather. 
In cold weather, it has to be warmed 
some for small pigs. The calves get it 
only twice a day, as often as we sepa¬ 
rate. When we have a surplus, we use 
it for mixing dough for hens, using it 
cold in summer and warmed in cold 
weather ; but I am not so sure about the 
returns in this case, although they like 
it very much. a. h. y. 
Moosup Valley, R. I. 
Since I commenced using a separator, 
I have fed $he skim-milk to calves and 
Digs with very good results. For calves, 
I believe it to be worth more than milk 
when the cream is raised by the gravity 
system, for, while there is much less 
butter fat, the milk is fed new. and of 
uniform warmth, which is almost impos¬ 
sible when the milk is warmed arti¬ 
ficially. My method has been with 
calves to feed either ground oats or 
mixed feed, keeping it in a box where 
they can have access to it all the time, 
and let them have all they will eat till 
they will eat one quart per day ; then 
regulate the quantity to the require¬ 
ments of the animal. I change the feed 
gradually from new to skim-milk, not 
feeding wholly skim till the calf is, at 
least, two weeks old. by which time it 
will, usually, take some feed. For pigs. 
I feed sweet or sour, warm or cold in 
summer, in winter, not cold. I think if 
one does not mind the work, the most 
money can be got from the skim-milk to 
make Dutch cheese and feed it to hens, 
a^ it is a first-class egg producer. A d. 
East Sullivan, N H. 
The nearest thing to a certain Cough Cure, is Dr. 
D. Jayne's Expectorant; and it is deceptively cheap; 
it takes so little of it to do the work. 
For Headache, take Jayne's Painless Sanative 
Pills — Adv. 
| Money talks ! We guarantee that 
| Tuttle’s 
1 ir • 
i Elixir 
$ 
(IS will cure anything that a liniment can 
4) c _y re ~# IO ° reward for you if it doesn’t. 
I" 
tl) 
Reference , publisher of this paper. 
Send for circulars and full particulars to 
DR. S. A. TUTTLE, 27 Beverly St., Boston. 
Vl/ 
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POULTRY LECTURES 
In any part of the country, a specialty. 8 AMUEL 
CU 6 HMAN (formerly with B. 1. Experiment Station), 
Pawtuckbt. B. I. 
THE BEST HORs¥ 
being a willing worker is most 
! likely to suffer from sore back 
Vor shoulders. BICKMOB,E’S 
’GALL CUBE will cure him 
of saddle sores or collar or 
harness gall while he works 
Guaranteed to do it. Equal- 
u _ ly good for sores in mun. Ask 
«e Sure And v/orkThe Horse £ui r be d maned*?™ for 10 cent!*! 
Bickmore Gall Cure Co. Bos 709 Old Town, Me. 
^ Why keep your live stock in misery when ^ 
Moore’s GALL POWDER 
will quickly cure Galls, Chafes, Cuts, Sores, 
Thrush, &c., while atwork? You make no 
mistake in sending to MOORE BROS., Alba¬ 
ny, N. Y.,fora 50 c. package, prepaid by mail. 
Circulars free. 
Guernseys. 
225 purebred Guernseys of the best American and 
Island breeding. Butter average, whole herd, 318 
pounds per head. No catalogue. Come and make 
your own selection. 
BliLBRSLIB STOCK FARM, 
KHINKOLIITF, N. V. 
It Is UNLAWFUL to color oleomargarine, but it is 
LAWFUL to use bulls of 
WIHswood Herd 
Guernsey Cattle. 
A choice hull calf, yearling heifer, and a few cows 
WILLS A. SEWARD. Budd's Lake, N. J. 
JERSEY CATTLE FOR SALE. 
R F SHANNON J 907 Liberty 8 t., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
I > OnnnnUII, ) Farm,Edgeworth.P.F.W.&C.R.R 
/CHENANGO VALLEY STOCK FARMS, Greene, N. 
„ Y.—Dutch Belted and Jersey Cattle; Dorset and 
Rambonillet Sheep; Poland-China Jersey Red and 
Suffolk Pigs; White and Bronze Turkeys. Peafowls 
and Blooded Chickens. J. D. VAN VALKENBURGH. 
FOR R AT C ho| o 0 SHROPSHIRKS-both sexes, 
‘ JnljU all ages. Apnly J. C. DUNCAN, Supt. 
Wa-wa-nund. Lewiston, N. Y. 
Two Poland-China Sows 
bred for fall farrow, for sale at $15 each A bargain. 
F. H. GATES & 80NS, Chittenango. N. Y. 
0 UR entire stock of Barred, Buff & White P. Rocks 
and 200 Selected Pekin Dncks; mnst be sold Prices 
cut In two. Ground m»at, $2 per 100 lbs. 8 tamp for 
catalogue. Brookslde Poultry Farm, Columbus. N. J 
BROWN LEGHORNS 
-Cockerels and Trios. T. G. 
Ashmead, Williamson, N.Y. 
X T DON’T PAY 
to keep hens and lieo in the mime coop. You 
can separate them with LAMBERT’S 
DEATH TO LiCE, a cheap and effective 
remedy for all poultry vermin. It soon 
turns loss to profit and saves poultrykeepors 
muny times the cost. Catalogue Free. 
Sample box 10 e<>nts postpaid. 100 ozs. by express, $LU0. 
O. J. LAMBERT, Box 307 APPONAUC, R. I. 
CALCITE FOR POULTRY. 
Bone Meal. Crushed Oyster Shells, Crushed Flint, 
Granulated Bone. Ground Beef Scraps. Send for Price 
List. VORK CHEMICAL WOKKS, TOUK, PA. 
Great Egg M AKERS 
M ANN’S Green Bone Cutter 
ANN’SH.ramte Crystal Grit 
will make hens lay lots of eggs. They prove 
the victory of science over guesswork. Suo- 
,ccss is certain. Hens lay twice the eggs when 
fed green bone and grit. 
MANN’S BONE CUTTERS 
have a world wide fame. Sent C.O.D. or on 
1 rial. II'. cat I’g. free If name this paper. 
F.W.MANN CO..Milford.Mass. 
INCUBATORS, 8 elf-Recrulating. Catalogue free. 
S. SINGER, Cardington, Ohio. 
The Monarch Incubator. 
Most practical machine in the market. All large 
New Lngiand poultry growers use them, many 
firms using from 15 to 25 of the 600 egg size. 
IOOO barrels of dressed 
poultry marketed each 
season, from within a few 
miles of our factory. All 
- hatched in Monarch 
Incubators. Send stamp for illustrated catalogue. 
IAMES RANKIN. SOUTH EASTON, MASS. 
POULTRY , ,... 
* POULTRY LINE, Fencing, Feed, Incubat- J 
4 ors. Live Stock, Brooders-anything—it's 5 
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We keep every. J 
thing in the w 
♦ our business. Call or let us send you our J 
4 illustrated catalogue -it’s free for theask- T 
4 ^ mg—it’s worth having. T 
O Excelsior Wire & Poultry Supply Co. 
<> 28 Yosey Street, New York Cuy. ^ 
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4 
<> 
NEWTON’S 
LATEST IMPROVED 
DEHORNERS 
Save time and money by dehorning 
your cattle. Write us for special 
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H. H. BROWN MFG. CO. 
DECATUR. IL.JU 
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For a knife that will cut a horn wi'hout C 
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— DEHORNER— 
It is humane, rapid and durable. Fully - 
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THYMO-CRESOL 
A handy, safe, sure 
cure for Scab, Lice, 
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TICKS 
STOP™ HOCS ROOTINC! 
If you want to be SURE of stopping them, get the Wolverine Hog 
Ringer and Kings. For sale by all hardware stores, or we will 
send by mail, one Double Kiuger and IOO Kings on receipt of 
75 cents in stamps. Address HKESON BROS & CO., 
Patentees and Manufacturers, Tecumseh, jVI icii. 
PROSPECTIVE PURCHASERS 
are informed that we have been fa¬ 
vored with instructions to sell 
r _ . - Percherons, Shetland Ponies, 
Jerseys, Jersey Grades, Normandies, Holsteins, Short-horns and South-Downs . We will 
take pleasure also in purchasing any other animals you may require ou your farm 
v , A i“ ERIC m A X LIVE-STOCK COMPANY, 24 State Street, New York^Ctty. 
45^ Refers by permission to Thx Rural New-Yorker. * 
