652 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
October 2 
AMONG THE MARKETMEN. 
WHAT I SEE AND HEAR. 
A dairy paper recently contained an adver¬ 
tisement for 500 to 1,000 poundB dally of fresh pot 
cheese, to be delivered In this city. It was speci¬ 
fied that the cheese must be “ very dry (not boiled 
or cooked).” Good pot cheese is appreciated by 
many city people, and with the constantly im¬ 
proving facilities for distribution, there ought to 
be an outlet for considerable quantities. 
X t X 
To one accustomed to ordinary factory cheeses, 
the big Swiss cheeses that come to this market 
are imposing affairs. The boxes usually con¬ 
taining them look like very short sections of big 
hogsheads. Dealers say that they commonly 
weigh about 180 pounds each, though often some¬ 
what less. Many of the wholesalers cut them up 
in pieces to suit the needs of the small grocers 
and restaurant keepers who use them. 
X t X 
John Bull is getting plenty of good California 
fruit this year to keep company with his Chicago 
beef and Minnesota wheat. The St. Paul left New 
York September 15, with over 4,000 packages on 
board. She arrived in Southampton September 
22, and nine hours after she was docked, the fruit 
was delivered in Covent Garden Market, London, 
and was sold early next morning. The pears 
sold for about $1.12 to $1.50 per half box; blue 
plums for $1.30 to $1.55, and yellow plums for $2 
to $3 per half box. The reports say that the mar¬ 
ket was somewhat depressed on account of the 
quantity received. The Teutonic, which sailed 
the same day as the St. Paul, arrived at Liver¬ 
pool the same day with about 5,000 packages on 
board. 
t X t 
A commission merchant told me recently of the 
sharp way in which a poultryman got hold of a 
certain grocery trade for his eggs. He shipped 
good eggs, put up in neat crates of a certain 
color. The commission merchant got up a good 
trade for them, and the peculiar color of the 
crates became recognized among his customers. 
This alone was enough to sell the eggs. Then, 
after they had become familiar, the shipper came 
to the city and began a systematic canvass 
among the users of these eggs, for orders to ship 
direct, and the commission merchant who had 
been the means of introducing these eggs to his 
best customers, was left in the lurch. The ques¬ 
tion which naturally arises, is, ‘‘Was it a square 
thing to do ? ” 
X X t 
Many shippers of live poultry, especially those 
who send in small lots by express, are making 
the same old mistakes. Too heavy crates are 
used,thus involving unnecessary express charges. 
The fowls are crowded too much, and many of 
the crates are too low, so that the birds are un¬ 
comfortable; an uncomfortable fowl is a losing 
venture, wherever it may be, and there is great 
loss of weight in fowls crowded into small and 
uncomfortable coops. The coops should be as 
light as consistent with safety, high enough for 
the fowls to stand up in, and not be overcrowded. 
Food and water should be provided, and they 
should not be shipped so as to arrive late in the 
week. All the large western shippers now use 
the patent shipping cars in which the fowls can 
be fed and watered on the road, a man accom¬ 
panying them for that purpose. 
X X t 
This is about the time of year that the chest¬ 
nut fraud begins to put in his work. The first 
few bushels of chestnuts in market usually sell 
for high prices. For some reason, the fake com¬ 
mission merchants usually choose this crop to 
swindle shippers. They write alluring letters 
telling of the phenomenally high prices for which 
the first shipments usually sell, and of their 
special facilities for securing these prices. When 
they receive shipments, they sometimes forget to 
make any returns at all; but sometimes they see 
a chance for larger plunder, and make returns 
at high prices for the first lots, with in¬ 
structions to hurry forward other shipments be¬ 
fore the price declines. The returning of such 
high prices usually brings them larger ship¬ 
ments, and it is then that their memories fail, 
and no remittance is made. I have known of 
cases where these frauds returned, for the first 
small shipments, prices fully 50 per cent higher 
than those for which they actually sold the goods. 
The result was that they were almost swamped 
with goods, while reputable merchants who 
would not stoop to such tricks, were receiving 
small supplies. The former got back their first 
overpayments, with heavy interest added. This 
is one of the tricks by which these sharpers 
fleece the unsuspecting shipper. One must 
be on guard against them. 
SCIENCE FROM THE STATIONS. 
REVIEWS OF IMPORTANT BULLETINS. 
The following bulletins have recently been re¬ 
ceived. Readers desiring copies of them, should 
write to the directors of the various stations at 
the addresses given below : 
The Soy Bean as a Forage Crop.—Farmers’ 
Bulletin No. 58, United States Department of Agri¬ 
culture, Washington, D. C. 
Most Profitable Use of Commercial Manures, by 
Prof. Paul Wagner, of Germany, a special bul¬ 
letin from the Massachusetts Experiment Station, 
Amherst. 
Vegetables.—Bulletin No. 49, West Virginia, 
Station, Morgantown. 
Bulletin No. 48.—Report of the Entomologist of 
the Louisiana Station, Baton Rouge. 
The Culture of the Sugar Beet in Nebraska.— 
Bulletin No. 44, Suggestions for Chicory Culture. 
Bulletin No. 49, and Windbreaks. Bulletin No. 
48, all from the Nebraska Station, Lincoln. 
The San JosG Scale in Virginia.—Bulletin No. 
60, from the Virginia Station, Blacksburg. 
Tuberculosis in Cattle, special bulletin of the 
Ontario Department of Agriculture, Toronto, Ont. 
The Maintenance of Fertility.—Bulletin No. 80, 
from the Ohio Experiment Station, Wooster. 
Comfortable Low-Cost Barns. —In Bulletin No. 
142, of the North Carolina Experiment Station 
(Raleigh) a correspondent asks how to build a 
barn for two horses and two cows, with their 
coarse feed, for $25—lumber, $10 per 1,000, and 
shingles, $1.50. Prof. Emery figures out a lumber 
and hardware bill for $32.23, which he says will 
make a stable 20 x 30 feet, with 12-foot posts. The 
bulletin also contains several other plans for 
barns of low cost, in which our southern readers 
will be interested. We take from the Bulletin 
two pictures (Figs. 274 and 275), showing methods 
of building feed boxes. Fig. 275 shows a tilting 
box which may be tipped inside or out for feeding 
or cleaning. Fig. 274 shows a stationary box of 
good design. 
Ensilage vs Corn Fodder. —Bulletin 122 of the 
New Jersey Station (New Brunswick) deals with 
a subject of great importance to many dairymen. 
There has long been much controversy as to 
whether the ensilage made from an acre of corn 
really contains a greater amount of feeding value 
than the dry stalks properly cured on a similar 
acre. Prof. Voorhees has given this subject very 
careful study. Two acres of corn were taken, 
from one of which the stalks were cut directly 
into the silo in the usual way. On the other acre, 
the stalks were cut and shocked, hauled to the 
barn after curing, and cut to the same size as 
were the stalks used in the silo. The acre of en¬ 
silage yielded 1114 tons of green fodder, and it 
cost $11.22 to get it into the silo. The acre of fod- 
ing. Briefly stated, a careful synopsis of the re¬ 
sults shows that the feeding value of the dry 
matter in the ensilage was greater than that of 
the dry fodder corn. The yield of milk where the 
ensilage was fed, was 12 4-5 per cent greater, and 
the yield of butter fat, over 10 per cent greater. 
The changes that occurred in the silo are not so 
destructive to feeding value as those which 
occurred in the process of curing corn fodder. 
The ensilage was practically all eaten, while over 
12 per cent of the dry stalks was left by the cows. 
Of course, if the stalks had been fed whole, the 
proportion of loss against the dried fodder would 
have been very much greater. The chief reason 
why ensilage gives better results seems to be due 
to the fact that it is more digestible. It is on 
much the same principle that pasture grass will 
give better results than the same grass cut and 
dried. In the one case, a larger amount of nutri¬ 
ment is dissolved and digested by the animal 
than in the other. We think that many of our 
readers will be interested in obtaining the bul¬ 
letin and studying it carefully. The facts brought 
out here certainly show the superiority of ensil¬ 
age over dry fodder. Another advantage of the 
silo which is not here mentioned, is the fact 
that it saves storage room. There are many 
large dairy barns in the country that were built 
before silos came into general use. These barns 
were provided with immense storage rooms for 
hay which nearly doubled the cost of construct¬ 
ing them. In modern dairy barns, these great 
hay mows are almost entirely done away with, 
for the silo will provide an equal amount of food 
in about one-tenth of the space required for the 
hay. 
THE ORANGE COUNTY, N. Y., FAIR. 
This fair was held at Middletown September 
14-17. This fair has always had a sort of itin¬ 
erary, spending two or three years in a place. 
It was finally decided for a permanent location 
to purchase the Campbell track and a few addi¬ 
tional acres just outside the corporate limits of 
the city and along the line of the trolley road, 
which has built a short spur direct to the gates. 
After hard, vigorous work, the grounds and 
buildings were put in shape just in time for the 
fair. Tne management, too eager to make money, 
put the entrance fee at 50 cents, and 25 cents for 
women. This produced a great deal of dissatis¬ 
faction. It was argued that five would come at 25 
cents, where two would come at 50 cents. The 
management, however, have done one thing that 
is to be highly commended, and that is to have 
a “children’s day,” during which all the school 
children in the city and the county as well, are 
admitted free. About 4,000 children came in on 
Wednesday. The exhibition was good in some 
parts and woefully short in others. There was 
quite a display of cattle—Guernseys, Dutch 
Belted, and many grades. There was a fair ex¬ 
hibit of hogs of three or four breeds, but the 
great exhibit in the hog line that attracted a 
throng was made by Dr. S. H. Talcott, superin¬ 
tendent of the State Hospital; it was 16 Chester 
White pigs, nine months old. They were all of 
a size, so clean that they looked as though they 
had been scrubbed, and they were simply im¬ 
mense in size, so that many wondered how they 
could be made to grow to that size in so short a 
time. 
The exhibit of farm produce was fair; that of 
grapes was nice, but not extra large. C. C. Corby, 
of Montclair, N. J., received 42 first and 24 second 
premiums. W. B. Brown, of Newburg, took 10 
first and four second premiums. 
Farm implements made a very meager show. 
The H-O Company, of New York, had an ex¬ 
hibit of their feeds, and O. W. Mapes, exhibited 
his balanced poultry food. To prove the value of 
this food, he exhibited his young mother hen that 
commenced laying at three months old, and 
hatched nearly a dozen bright, healthy chicks, at 
five months old; all the mother and brood have 
ever had to eat, is this balanced food. si. n. c. a. 
You will get a nev; notion 
of what a lamp-chimney can 
be, when you use a Macbeth ; 
der corn yielded 4.1 tons of dry fodder, which cost 
$10.31 when hauled to the barn and run through 
a fodder cutter. About four per cent of the ensil¬ 
age was lost by rotting upon the surface, at the 
sides and bottom, while about 13 per cent of the 
coarser parts of the dry fodder was left uneaten 
by the stock. In making a feeding test, different 
lots of cows were used. To one lot, the following 
ration was fed: 30 pounds ensilage, four pounds 
wheat bran, one pound corn meal, three pounds 
dried brewers’ grains, one pound linseed meal. 
After 12 days’ feeding on this ration, the same 
quantity of grain was fed, but instead of ensilage, 
enough of the corn fodder to give an equal amount 
of dry matter. The cows received first one ration, 
and then the other in periods of 12 days of feed- 
SPECIAL SALE. 
and of what it can do, when 
you get the right one. 
Get the Index. 
Write Macbeth Pittsburgh Pa 
G-MILL. 
J83T Please 
For fail informs- 
tion about this, also 
best llorse-l’ower, 
Thresher, Clover- 
huller, Dos - power, 
live Thresher a n d 
Binder, Feed-mill, 
Saw-machine (circu¬ 
lar and drag). Land- 
roller, Steam-engine, 
Ensilage and Fodder- 
Cutter, Round-silo, 
R, Cobleskill, N. Y. 
to purchase. 
DELAWARE STATE FAIR. 
The 20th anniversary exhibition of the Delaware 
State Agricultural Society was held at Dover, 
September 13 to 16. To the great credit of the 
energetic new secretary, Mr. A. N. Brown, of 
Wyoming, Del., it can be said that he has thor¬ 
oughly purged the fair from all gambling fakirs 
and objectionable side shows, which have hither¬ 
to had full license here, to the great disgust of 
all the better class of people. Special premiums 
offered by prominent business men, for various 
exhibits, were a strong feature and brought out 
much competition. 
The display of fruit and vegetables was very 
fine, and would be a credit to any State. Mr. J 
W. Killen showed 88 varieties of table vegetables, 
65 of apples, 20 of peaches, nine of pears, two of 
quinces, 17 of grapes, and four of plums. He 
also won many special premiums on exhibits not 
included above. Mr. Killen is a specialist in 
edible nuts, having about all varieties that can 
be successfully grown on this peninsula. Mr. W 
T. Case made the largest display of peaches, 
having 31 varieties. He also won the special 
premiums offered for “ best basket of yellow 
(Continued on next page). 
A woman’s best 
jewels are her | 
babes. A healthy, 
happy child is wo¬ 
manhood’s most 
appropriate orna¬ 
ment. A childless 
woman is to be pit- /’ 
ied, even though / 
she be the posses¬ 
sor of other jewels that are priceless. A 
womanly woman knows this and would sac¬ 
rifice all the diamonds of all the nations for 
the clinging, confiding touch of baby hands. 
Thousands of women lead childless, love¬ 
less lives because of ill-health. They do not 
understand the duties that they owe to them¬ 
selves. They neglect the most delicate and 
important parts of woman’s organism. They 
suffer untold agonies from weakness and dis¬ 
ease of the organs that make motherhood 
possible, and never know the thrilling touch 
of baby fingers. They imagine their cases 
hopeless. 
In this they are mistaken. Dr. Pierce’s 
Favorite Prescription is a sure, safe, swift 
cure for all weakness and disease of the or¬ 
gans distinctly feminine. It acts directly 
and only on these organs. It prepares a 
woman for motherhood. It allays all dis¬ 
comfort during the expectant period. It 
insures the baby’s health and makes its 
coming easy ana almost painless. More 
than 90,000 women have testified in writing 
to its value. All good druggists sell it. 
Mrs. Rebecca Gardner, of Grafton, York Co, 
Va., writes: “ I was so sick with dyspepsia that I 
could not eat anything for over four months. I 
had to starve myself, as nothing would stay on my 
stomach. I tried almost everything that people 
would tell me about, and nothing did me any 
good. I weighed only 80 pounds. F took two bot¬ 
tles of the ‘Golden Medical Discovery’ and, 
thank God, and your medicine, I am as well as I 
ever was, and now weigh its pounds. I have a 
bottle of your ‘ Favorite Prescription ’ now, and 
that Is a wonderful medicine for female weakness. 
Praise God that he created such a man as you." 
Business is business. No time for head¬ 
aches. Constipation causes them. Doctor 
Pierce’s Pleasant Pellets cure them by cur¬ 
ing the cause. One little “Pellet” is « 
gentle laxative, and two a mild cathartic. 
RIFEIHYDRAULIC ENGINE 
Will pump more water than any 
hydraulic ram. 
Pumps 30 feet high for each foot of 
fall. Minimum fall, 18 
inches. Maximum eleva¬ 
tion, 575 feet. 
WON’T WATER LOG. 
NEVER STOPS. 
Power Specialty^CO., 126 Liberty Street. New York. 
Thai’s what happened to the man who bought 
- STAR DRILLING MACHINE because 
they drill faster and at lesB expense than 
any machine made. Either steam or horse 
power. Operator can pull tool*, sand 
pump, reverse and stop engine with¬ 
out removing from his position at well. 
No springs, no cogs, longer stroke 
and more of them than any other 
machine. Oatalogue of machines 
and full line of tools and supplies 
.... ........ .. sent on application. Write for it. 
STAR DRILLINQ MACHINE CO. AKRON,O.orST. LOUIS, MO. 
^Use Our 
wenDrills 
And make no failures. Posi¬ 
tively the LATEST and BEST. 
Many kinds and sizes. WRITE 
US WHAT YOU REQUIRE. 
LOOMIS & NYMAN, IBB’ 
We are in receipt of price-list of 
“ special sale ” of fruit trees from Call’s 
Nurseries, Perry, O. For the sake of 
encouraging fall setting of fruit trees 
and at the same time reducing the large 
stock of extra fine trees now on hand, 
Mr. Call is making this “special sale” 
at prices so low that our readers will find 
it a rare chance to secure the best of 
stock at prices that are low enough to 
please everybody. Write them for price¬ 
list of Special Sale.— Adv. 
rnURABILITY.i 
is the most desirable quality in a tank. 
These possess it in a high degree. They 
are made in any size with capacity from 
2 hbls. to 180 bbls. They are so made that 
they cannot leak. Especially desirable for 
use in buildings. Not injured from freez¬ 
ing. We can’t tell you all about them 
here. Better write for prices, &c., to 
Kelly Foundry & Mch. Co., 27 Purl St. Goshen, Ind 
Hujtr men 
