8i4 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
December 11 
BACTERIA AND THEIR RELATION TO 
THE CARE OF MILK AND CREAM. 
Part VI. 
The first three methods of preserving 
milk are commendable and. right in 
every way. The last or chemical method 
of adding preservatives to the milk is, 
to say the least, open to great objection, 
and their use is quite generally forbid¬ 
den by law ; nevertheless Preservaline 
continues to be generally advertised. 
There are a great variety of chemical 
substances which could be added to 
milk which would prevent the growth 
of all germ life. Saltpeter, potassium 
bichromate, carbolic acid and corrosive 
sublimate—the last, especially, a most 
virulent poison—are only a few of the 
chemicals which would be good preserva¬ 
tives. Fortunately, most of them, if 
added in sufficient amount to accomplish 
the object sought, would betray their 
presence by the taste or, perhaps, by 
promptly killing the user. So at pres¬ 
ent, there are, probably, only three sub¬ 
stances which are generally used to pre¬ 
serve milk. These are boracic acid or, 
when in combination with soda, borax ; 
salicylic acid or salicylate of soda, and 
formaline. 
Borax is familiar to every one at the 
blacksmith shop. Salicylic acid can be 
obtained from willow leaves, and from 
wintergreen, but is prepared commer¬ 
cially from carbolic acid. These three 
chemicals, at least, have the necessary 
qualifications, that their taste is not 
noticeable ; that they are not poisonous 
in small amounts, and that they do pre¬ 
vent germ growth even when present 
in small quantities. 
But at best, this method of preserving 
milk is but a lazy makeshift for care. 
If it is absolutely necessary to preserve 
milk for a long time, Pasteurization or 
sterilization should be resorted to. It 
seems to be the general opinion of 
physicians that, while no noticeable ill 
effects may result in adults from the 
use of milk containing a small amount 
of these substances, yet it may be a 
very serious matter when used in milk 
designed for infant feeding, not only be¬ 
cause the baby’s stomach is more sus¬ 
ceptible than that of a grown person, 
but also, because the child takes a much 
larger amount of the chemical poison in 
proportion to its weight. It is one of 
the crying needs of the times that some¬ 
thing be done to keep down the appalling 
death rate among bottle babies ; there 
can be no doubt but impure milk and 
milk in which Preservaline is made to 
take the place of cleanliness, has much 
to do with these deaths. 
These articles are an effort to discuss, 
in a very primary way, a few phases of 
bacteriology, and to encompass, in a few 
columns, what might well fill as many 
volumes. jabbd van wasknkn .tr 
(Concluded.) 
HOPE FARM NOTES. 
On the lower part of the farm, is a 
damp swamp of about five acres. A 
spring higher up keeps it moist. Some 
day, we hope to ditch it, clear off the 
bushes, lime it and get it into Timothy. 
That is several years ahead, however. 
At present, it has little apparent value. 
We have been cutting the coarse, hard 
grass, and hauling it to the strawberry 
beds, where it will be used for mulching 
when the ground freezes solid. We find 
plenty of black muck in the swamp. We 
hope to haul a good many loads of this 
muck, and turn it into manure. At pres¬ 
ent, it is too sour to put into the 
ground. It must be cooked. 
X i X 
Otjr plan is to mix part of our manure 
with it and make a compost-heap. We 
first burn over a part of the swamp 
Then we knock over the hummocks with 
a grub hoe, chop them up and, with a 
good share of the muck around them, 
haul to a dry place on the upper part 
of the farm. A layer about a foot deep 
is made, and over this, we put enough 
basic slag to give it the color. Then on 
goes a thin coating of horse manure and 
a little clear hen manure, then more 
muck, more slag, more manure and so 
on. The object is to start up a hot 
fermentation. The lime in the slag and 
the manure will start it about as kind¬ 
ling will start a fire in the stove. We 
want the pile to heat and steam and rot 
all through the winter so that, in the 
spring, the muck will be broken up or 
cooked 1 We call that swamp a bank. 
For many years, all the neighbors on 
higher ground have been sending part 
of their fertility down to us. It is in . 
the swamp now, but so sour and tough 
that it pays no dividends. We must cook 
it or unlock it in the compost heap. Hen 
manure right from the roosts, without 
plaster on it, will be excellent for use 
in that compost heap. 
X X X 
The old barn on Hope Farm is a hole- 
ly place. There are cracks around the 
doors and holes in the sides. We make 
the animals as comfortable as possible 
by bringing them close together on one 
side of the barn and covering all holes 
and cracks near them. A thickness of 
tough building paper tacked on the in¬ 
side of the joists with leaves or sawdust 
packed between this and the outside, 
makes a very warm partition. We have 
bought a good many loads of boxes from 
the grocer during the summer. It is 
wonderful how handy such boards are 
in patching up cracks and holes. The 
stock will go into winter quarters in good 
condition. The horses are fed on sweet- 
corn stalks and bran. They eat these 
stalks much cleaner than the cow does ; 
in fact, their manure is almost as fine 
as where the hay is fed, while the cow 
manure is full of long stalks. 
X X X 
The boys killed two shoats recently, 
the two dressing 131 pounds. They sold 
(Continued on neat page). 
Even baby un¬ 
derstands that it 
is not right that 
mother should be 
always sickly, 
nervous, fretful 
and cross. Eaby 
wonders what is 
the matter. Baby 
would willingly 
help if he could. 
It lies with the 
woman herself to help herself. No one else 
can do it. She can help herself if she will. 
If a woman will take proper care of her 
womanly self; if she will use the right rem¬ 
edy for weakness and disease of the organs 
that bear the burdens of maternity, she 
will soon be healthy, vigorous and amiable. 
She will be able to help baby, instead of 
leaving baby to try and help her. 
A wonderful remedy for weakness and 
disease of the organs that make wifehood 
and motherhood possible is found in Dr. 
Pierce’s Favorite Prescription. It acts di¬ 
rectly on these organs. It makes them 
strong and healthy. It has transformed 
thousands of suffering, pain-rackcd women 
into healthy, happy wives and mothers. It 
allays inflammation, soothes pain, and 
steadies and invigorates the nerves. It pre¬ 
pares for wifehood and motherhood. It in¬ 
sures inherently healthy children. All 
good druggists sell it. There is nothing 
” just the same” or “just as good.” The 
druggist who teljs you there is, is either 
mistaken or dishonest. 
Mrs. Joseph Simmons, of Hazelgreen, Grant 
Co., Wib., writes: “Inclosed find 31 cents in 
postage stamps, for which please send me the 
'Medical Adviser’ in cloth cover. I have used 
jrour Dr. Pierce’s Favorite Prescription, and his 
* Golden Medical Discovery’ and ‘Pellets’ and 
have reoeived a great deal of benefit from them.' 
When a story writer puts in a doctor he is 
always said to “Look wise.” Over one 
million people have looked wise and. acted 
wisely. They have bought Dr. Pierce’s 
Common Sense Medical Adviser. Of these 
wise folks, 680,000 of them paid $1.50 a copy 
for the book. It was cheap at that. It is a 
book of 1008 pages, with 300 illustrations. 
Think of that. A medical book too. Every¬ 
body knows how expensive a medical edu¬ 
cation is. Now there is a great edition of 
this book, that is being given away. You 
pay the cost of mailing, that’s all. You send 
21 one-cent stamps for the book in strong 
manilla covers. If you desire a fine em¬ 
bossed French cloth cover, send 31 one-cent 
stamps. Address, World’s Dispensary Med- 
ioal Association. Buffalo. N. Y. 
Anythin- in the line of economy 
appeal.; to the farmer, and an arti¬ 
cle that an- be used for a hundred 
different purposes outfit to be in¬ 
vestigated. 
That article seems to be Nepon- 
set Waterproof Red Rope Fabric, 
which can be used for covering 
roofs, sides, and walls of houses, 
barns, hen-houses, green-houses, 
hotbeds, haystacks, wagon covers, 
etc. It is water-proof, wind-proof, 
and frost-proof. It takes the place 
of back plaster in dwelling-houses 
and clapboards and shingles on 
outhouses; insures warmth and 
dryness wherever used, and is 
inexpensive. 
Neponset Black Building Paper 
for inside lining is odorless, clean, 
water-proof, and economical. 
Full particulars and 
samples free. Write 
F. W. Bird & Son, 
East Walpole, Mass. 
For sale by Dealers 
in Hardware, Lum¬ 
ber, and Building 
Supplies. 
EVERYBODY SAYS SO 
—that is everybody who has any knowledge of 
the subject—that the STAR DRILLINC 
MACHINES are the moat vapid, strong aad 
^durable machines made. Over 100 unsolicited 
testimonials offered in proof of thi.clafm 
> Here are some of the reasons. No »prlnic*. 
no cog gearing, louder alrokn, more vtrokc. 
to the minute, mounted on heat wagot- 
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: holler*, drills with cable and solid tool. 
1 newspuddinc and pipe driving ai 
_Hfetachment. Catalogue sent FREE 
STAR DRILLING MACHINE CO., AKRON. O.or ST. LOUIS.MO. 
Use Our 
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And make no failures. Posi¬ 
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Many kinds and size s. W RITE 
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LOOMIS & NYMAN, WA"' 
WROUGHT STEEL 
SLED 
RUNNERS 
WILL NOT BREAK. 
Frost does not hurt them. 
GUARANTEED 
to carry all that 2 horses 
can pull. Will track 
with regular bob-sled 
track. Can be 
attached to any 
farm wagon in 
15 minutes, or 
you can make a bob¬ 
sled with them the 
name aa with any 
other runner. 
One set, 4 runners,with tire 1 9-16 in. wide, $ 7.00 
One set, 4 runners, with tire 2 inches wide, $ 8.00 
One set, 1 runners, with tire 3 inches wide, $ 9.00 
One set, 4 runners, with tire 4 inches wide, $10.00 Weight, 2*0 Ihe, 
One eel, I runners, with tire 6 inches wide, $11.00 Weight, 32) lbs. 
•Soles 1.2 Inch Chick. CaN 81111’ PROMPTLY. 
Will fit any 
Wagon. 
Weight, 170 lbs. 
Weight, 200 ibs. 
Weight, 240 Ibs. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL 00., Cor. 5th & Ohio Sts., ftulncy, Ill. 
Ice Plows 
$16.50. Circulars Free. 
H. PRAY, Clove, N. Y. 
Oak-tanned leather‘Harness 
Send your address with l-cent stamp for Illustrated Catalogue, 
ail kinds of Sinrle and Double Custom-Made Harness, sold direct to 
the consumer at wholesale prices. WE CAN SAVE YOU MONEY. 
KING HARNESS CO., No 9 Church St., Qwego, N.Y* 
CREAM SEPARATORS. 
De Laval “ Alpha ’’ and •* Baby ” Separators. 
First-Best—Cheapest. All Styles—Sizes. 
Prices, $50 to $800. 
Save.$10 per cow per year. Send for catalogue. 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR C0.$ 
Randolph and Canal Sta., I 74 Cortlandt Street, 
CHICAGO. | NEW YORK. 
SIMPLEST ! 
CHEAPEST ! 
BEST ! 
nil AU DIB hi automatic milk 
On Am nun coolerhaerator 
Our free book, “ Milk,” for the asking. 
CHAMPION MILK COOLER CO. 
No. 39 Railroad Street, Cortland, N. Y. 
Newton's fTfE - 
Improved IT 1 1 Ik 
Holds them firmly, draws 
them forward when lying 
down, pushes back when 
standing, gives freedom 
of head, keeps them clean 
E. C. NEWTON CO. 
Batavia,HI. Catalogue Fro’’ 
For * knife that Will out a horrt without I 
crushing, because it cute from ° four < 
1 « I<W at once get. ... - 
THE KEYSTONE 
—DEHORNER—■ 
It is humane, rapid and durable. Fully ^ 
warranted. Highest award at World's V 
Fair. Descriptive circulars LF’K/EBJ. + 
A. C. BROSIUS, Cochranville. Pa. A 
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^SEE THAT HOOK? 
VITOS TMI 
IMPROVED 
CONVEX 
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any sire, shape 
or kind of ho.. 
homer will do this. 
DEHORNER 
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COOK Your FEED and Sava 
Half the Cost— with the 
PROFIT FARM BOILFR 
With Dumping Caldron. Bmp 
ties Us kettle In one minute. The 
simplest and best arrangement foi 
cooking food for stock. Also make 
Dairy and Laundry Stoves, 
Water and Steam Jacket Ket¬ 
tles, Hog Scalders, Caldrons, 
etc. |y Send for circulars. 
D. R. SPERRY & Co.. Batavia. I1L 
MMISJ 
SMOKE YOUR MEAT WITH 
lOWISERS LHUID EXTRACTof SMOKE 
.Circu lar.E.KRAUSER& BRD.M11T0N.PA 
m DIICV DEC and how to make money 
DUO I DEC with it as taught by 
GLEANINCS IN BEE CULTURE. It is a handsome illustrated maga¬ 
zine and we send free sample copy with Kook on Ilee Culture and 
Kook on lice Supplies to all who name this paper in writing. 
THE A. I. ROOT CO.. MEDINA. OHIO 
DOGS FOR SALE. 
All varieties of Thoroughbred Sporting, Uunting, 
House and Watch Dogs. Trained, untrained and 
pups. 8end stamp and state kind wanted. 
JAMES BETTIS, - Winchester III. 
CARET FARM KENNEF8. 
Gan You Talk Business? 
Can you talk It to your neighbors! Can you talk 
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winter. Pleasant, respectable and honorable em¬ 
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Exclusive territory to good men. Address. 
A. D., P. O. Box 301, Indianapolis, Indiana. 
$870.00 A YEAR AND ALL EXPENSES 
paid to intelligent and ambitious young men to travel 
and appoint agents for our publications. Address 
THE BELL PUBLISHING CO., Dtpt. K , Phila., Pa 
FOR SALE-AT A BARGAIN. 
One of the best farms in South Dakota. Two miles 
from station and market. 215 acres ($18.50 per acre) 
80 under cultivation. Two-story frame house, large 
barn, timber, running spring water. A butter-maker 
could do exceptionally well, as there is a good home 
market. $800 down, balance on easy terms No agents 
Full particulars on addressing the owner. 
DH. J. N. TILDKN, Peeksklll, N. Y. 
FARMS FOR SALE. 
If you wish to buy a farm, write to the undersigned. 
You can get what you want, either improved, part 
improved, or without improvement Tobacco farms 
or grain farms In New York State or Pennsylvania. 
Prices and terms to suit the times. 
O. PATT1SON, Executor, Elkland, Pa. 
All rcucu WANTED to sell to dealers. $100 
monthly and expenses. Experience 
“unnecessary. Enel, stamp. Acme Cigar Co.,Chicago 
TjrrirP Whiskers, Plays, Tricks and Novelties. Ill. 
VV IlliJ) c a t. free. C. E. Marshall Mfr., Lockport.N.Y 
The Thriee-a-Week World 
gives you all the news of the whole world 
every other day. It is the next thing to a 
great daily paper—18 pages a week, 156 papers 
a year. It Is Independent, fearless and al 
ways with the plain people as against trusts 
and monopolists. We can send It in combina¬ 
tion with The.Rural New-Yorker, both one 
vear, for only $1.65 
THINK OF . 
a 
THE COWS 
There is no work on the farm that pays better for thought¬ 
ful management. You may have had much experience in 
|the feeding, breeding and management of a dairy. Your 
knowledge and experience would be worth much to others, 
and it must be true that others have knowledge and ex¬ 
perience that can be worth much to you. If vou are interested 
in your own success and desire to manage your cows so that 
they bring you the largest possible returns, make up your 
mind now to subscribe for Hoard’s Dairyman. It puts you 
in touch with the most successful dairymen In the United 
States. What these practical men know and their experi¬ 
ences you will find in Hoard’s Dairyman, and it makes a 
20- page weekly, that costs the reader but $1.00 to January 1, 
jggg jf taken in connection with The Rural New-Yorker, 
both’papers can be secured to January 1, 1899, at the low combination price of $1 65. 
■IAIBDIC nilBVUIII is in every sense of the word a journal for the farmer who 
nUAnil W UAIn I IflAll desires to make a profit from his cows. It handles this part 
of the farm work thoroughly.'.fromjthe raising of the crops to the delivery of the product, milk-or 
butter, o A year’s reading 4 will convince you that you cannot afford to be without it. It is the leading 
dairy journal published In the-English language. 
