1897 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
{LEGHORN HENS THAT LAY. 
(CONTOnJKD.) 
the incubated chicks receive, makes 
them gentler and less nervous.” 
“ You think, then, that the wildness 
can be bred out of the Leghorn ? ” 
“ To a certain extent, yes.” 
“But does not that change diminish 
their capacity for laying eggs ? ” 
“ Not in the least. On the other hand, 
my opinion is that it increases such 
capacity.” 
“You know that some authorities 
claim that the nervousness of the Jersey 
cow is an indication of her ability to 
produce butter fat. Some authorities 
claim that the same thing is true of the 
hen. If you destroy her nervousness, 
you injure her egg capacity, they say.” 
"As I look at it, this nervousness is 
no proof that the hens are better layers, 
only that they are more active. Possibly 
the shape, size and, to a certain extent, 
the character of the hen can be changed 
by successive generations of incubation.” 
“ You find that your hens are as active 
for scratchiog and running about as the 
nervous Leghorn ? ” 
“ They might possibly be if allowed 
to roam at will; but as I have them 
confined constantly in yards, they proba¬ 
bly do not show so much energy.” 
“ How many eggs per hen do you sell 
during the year ? ” 
“I shall have to estimate the num¬ 
ber. I should say about 14 dozen each. 
This does not include the eggs used in 
the family, or those that are cracked and 
broken.” 
“ Are your houses much the same as 
those used by Mr. Wyckoff ? ” 
“ No, his houses seem to me too long 
and narrow. I prefer a house more 
nearly square, and more roomy. I like 
a wide house, as it gives us a chance to 
walk around and pass by the hens with¬ 
out going so close to them that they are 
frightened. Many of the poultrymen in 
our part of the country have adopted 
the plan of putting a loft of straw over¬ 
head. Boards or joists are put across 
the top of the house so as to make a 
small loft, and this is stuffed with straw. 
We find that it makes the house warmer 
in winter and cooler in summer. It 
absorbs moisture, and is, in every way, 
an excellent thing.” 
“ What proportion of pullets do you 
keep in your flock ? ” 
“About five-sixths pullets and the 
others yearlirg3. When the hens are 
two years old, they are sold in the fall. 
I prefer pullets because they lay more 
eggs in the early fall and winter months, 
and that is the time that I must have 
eggs for my fancy market.” 
“ At what age do your pullets ordin¬ 
arily begin laying ? ” 
“ From five to six months of age, 
usually, but sometimes earlier. I do not 
much believe in the ‘precocious’ pullet, 
so called, as I think a hen should have 
good size and vigor before beginning to 
lay ” 
“ How does your system of feeding 
differ from winter to summer ?” 
“It does not to any great extent; in 
fact, it is nearly the same the year ’round 
when I am feeding fjr eggs. My system 
of feeding was described on page 767, of 
The R. N.-Y. I feed as much meat in 
summer as I do in winter, unless I have 
plenty of milk. I have not found that 
milk or anything else will entirely take 
the place of meat in a hen’s ration. I 
do not think that linseed meal, even in 
large quantities, will give as good re¬ 
sults as meat. In fact, there is no vege¬ 
table combination that will fully take its 
place, as I am sure that meat is more 
easily digested, and a laying hen manu¬ 
facturing an egg in 24 hours, must have 
her food in a soluble form.” 
“How often do you clean your houses ?” 
“ Once in one or two weeks, depend¬ 
ing somewhat upon circumstances. The 
manure is generally spread upon the 
fruit ground as it is taken from the 
house. We find that this suits us very 
well. W hen piled by itself, the ammonia 
is likely ^to escape from it.” 
“ Have you found that winter eggs, as 
a rule, are fertile ?” 
“ No, we have been unable to obtain 
good hatches from our winter eggs, even 
when the hens were mated and fed with 
the greatest care. We cannot hope to 
obtain good hatches of vigorous stock 
until the hens are able to run out and 
exercise. The southern breeders, of 
course, are able to obtain fertile eggs at 
almost any time, as their hens run out 
almost constantly, and thus obtain all 
the exercise they need.” 
“ What proportion of your Leghorn 
hens become broody ? ” 
“That depends largely upon their 
age. The older the Leghorn, the more 
often she wants to sit. Our pullets 
hardly ever want to sit. When fed 
plenty of meat, they keep on laying 
during the season until they are ready 
to moult.” 
“ You, evidently, believe in the hen ? ” 
“ Yes, indeed I do. I believe that if 
a hen is well managed, she can be made 
about the most profitable stock that can 
grow on a small place. A man must, 
however, study his business and evolve 
or breed to a class cf hens peculiarly 
suited to his conditions. This can be 
done if a man will select the type he 
wants, and select the breed for it per¬ 
sistently.” _ 
AILING ANIMALS. 
ANSWERS BY DR. F. L. KILBORNK. 
Abortion and Foot Rot. 
S., Kembleville, Pa. —1. What is good for a heifer 
which lost her first calf? 2. Also, for a cow with 
a foul claw; her legs are swelled to her body. 
1. If the abortion was accidental, there 
is, probably, no treatment required. 
Should there be a vaginal discharge, in¬ 
ject daily until the discharge ceases, 
with a solution of one part of mercuric 
chloride in 10,000 parts of water (mer¬ 
curic chloride seven grains, water about 
one gallon) The heifer should not again 
take the bull within three months after 
the abortion, or for at least a month 
after all discharge ceases. 2. See “Foot 
Rot in Cows,” page 252, of The R. N.-Y. 
for April 10, for the general treatment 
of foot rot. In addition, it may be desir¬ 
able in this case to bathe the swollen 
leg daily with hot water, or to apply a 
bran or flaxseed poultice until the swell¬ 
ing is reduced. 
Horse with Colic and Indigestion. 
C. W. 11., Waterford , N. J .—My horse’s urine is 
very scanty, tnick, and a light yellow color. At 
times, he seems to be in great pain, is violent, 
sometimes lies down, but gets up almost im¬ 
mediately, and sweats profusely. During these 
spells, he eats about as usual. After a time, the 
pain appears to pass away, and he becomes 
quiet. He is eight or nine years old, in good 
order, and not working at present. I feed good 
clover hay, corn and bran. What shall I do for 
him ? 
If the pains were due to gravel or sup¬ 
pression of urine,-relief would come only 
after the passage cf urine ; but if the 
pains cease without urination, and the 
absence of the straddling gait and strain¬ 
ing to urinate, they are evidently due to 
spasmodic colic or indigestion. Try the 
following powders: Sulphate of soda 
and powdered gentian, of each one 
pound ; nitrate of potash, eight ounces ; 
powdered nux vomica, four ounces ; mix 
and make into 32 powders. Give a 
powder in the feed night and morning. 
If another attack of the colic occur, give 
one ounce each of sulphuric ether and 
sweet spirits of niter in one pint of cold 
water, and repeat every two hours until 
relieved. If overfeeding the horse, re¬ 
duce his feed. Give only a moderate 
allowance of hay. The corn should not 
form more than one-fourth, by weight, 
of the grain ration. It would be still 
better if the corn could be replaced by 
ground oats. For the evening feed, give 
a bran mash until the trouble ceases, or 
the bowels become quite loose. Arrange 
a small compartment in the feed box, or 
a separate box in which to keep salt, 
where the horse can eat of it at his 
pleasure. Rub the loins with ammonia 
liniment (strong aqua ammonia one part, 
sweet oil *two parts, j a well shaken to¬ 
831 
gether), and repeat two or three times 
at intervals of two to three weeks. 
A Colt with Worms. 
Guernseys. 
./. B., Thoina8vllle , N. C .—My two-year-old mare 
has been passing worms more or less constantly 
for nearly six months; they are from one to 
about four inches in length. She does not eat 
heartily, is poor, and what she does eat does not 
seem to do her much good. On her hind legs 
near her hoofs, she has something like the 
scratches, that has been thpre for only a few 
weeks It is quite sore. What shall I give her, 
both for worms, and to strengthen her and in¬ 
crease her appetite ? 
Give the colt three tablespoonfuls of 
the oil of turpentine, well shaken up in 
one pint of raw linseed oil, in the morn¬ 
ing, on an empty stomach. Feed only 
sloppy bran mashes duriDg the day, and 
at night, give four drams each of aloes 
and ginger, either in ball or by drench. 
Then give one of the following powders 
in the feed twice daily : Dry sulphate of 
iron and powdered nux vomica, of each 
two ounces ; ginger, four ounces ; gen¬ 
tian, eight ounces ; mix. and make into 
16 powders. The powders may be re¬ 
peated after an interval of one week, or 
preferably, followed by a course of 
arsenic—one tablespoonful of Fowler’s 
solution of arsenic given in the feed 
once daily and continued for three or 
four weeks, after which the powders 
may be repeated if desirable. Repeat 
the course of turpentine and oil after 
three weeks if worms are still being 
passed. For the scratches, apply ben- 
zoated oxide of zinc ointment at Dight. 
rubbing it well into the skin so as to 
break up and remove the scabs as fast 
as softened by the ointment. Do not 
wash the heels, but if soiled or wet, rub 
dry and clean with a coarse cloth and 
the hands. 
Jayne’s Expectorant isn’t recommended to cure 
everything; but it does cure Bronchitis, Whooping- 
Cough and Croup.— Adv. 
Horse Owners! Use 
225 purebred Guernseys of the best American and 
Island breeding. Butter average, whole herd, 318 
pounds per head. No catalogue. Come and make 
your own selection. 
ELLERSLIE STOCK FARM, 
KUiNECLIFF, H. Y. 
JERSEY CATTLE FOR SALE. 
R C CUAKbnM ) 907 Liberty 8t., Pittsburgh, Pa 
. I. OnANIIUN, j Farm.Edgeworth.P.F.W.&C.R.B 
^ _ I An extra lot of thoroughbred 
■ vll OolU Ayrshire Bull Calves, of the 
choice-t breeding, from great milkers and good but¬ 
ter-makers. D. M. CAMPBELL,, Oneonta, N. Y. 
Reg P Chinas Berkshires 
and Chester Whites. Choice 
service rtoars and bred Sows, 
for 30days, to reduce stock 
quick Special cut prices on 
ab ve. Pi.sallaues. Poultry. 
Hamilton & Co. Cochranvllle Chester Co. Pa. 
Cheshires from Foundation Herd 
1 have now shipped 471 times to men l had sold to 
before. Noted for lean meat and rapid growth. 
E. W. DAVB. Torrlngford, Conn, 
mother Good oir'nssrri'jrs 
the kind you are locking for. Also Ka'l Pigs 
F. H. GATES & bO^S, Chittenango. N. Y. 
s Duroc-Jersey Swine New Madison, Ohio. 
C OLLIE PUPS AND BERKSHIRE PIQ8, from 
Registered Stock. Circulars free. 
SILAS DECKER. South Montrose, Pa. 
Maple Farm Duck Yards. 
Tbe largest and finest Pekin Ducks on this 
Continent. We have 2.500 of these mammoth 
birds in our yards. Eggs In season, feriility 
guaranteed. Tne new and illustrated edition of 
our book, “ Duck Culture.” sent as a premium 
with each order for eggs or birds. Price, 25 cents. 
Send for Illustrated Catalogue. 
JaMES RANKfN, South Easton. Mass. 
GOMBAULT’S 
Caustic 
Baisam 
A Safe Speedy and Positive Can 
The Barest, Kent BLISTER ever used. Takes 
the place of all liniments for mild or severe action. 
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Horne* 
and Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY 
DR FIRING- Impossible to produce scar or blemish. 
Every bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction 
Price $1.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or 
lent by express, charges paid, with full directions 
for its use. Send for descriptive circulars. 
THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS CO., Cleveland O. 
Cows barren 3 years 
MADE TO BREED. 
Free. Moore Brothers, Albany, N. Y. 
"BLIZZARD” 
Horse Ice Gaiks. 
Medal awarded at 
World’s Fair. 
Prices to Agents reduced. 
•For particulars address 
S. W. KENT, Meriden, Conn 
NEWTON’S 
LATEST UlPttOVKD 
DEHORNERS 
Save time and money by dehorning 
your cattle. Write us for ipecial 
iuiorination on the inbject, 
H. H. BROWN MFG. CO. 
DBCATCR. ILL* 
START IN BUSINESS 3 
HATCH WITH THE PRAIRIE STATE 
THOUSANDS 
Send for 
PR AIR I K 
Catalogue. 
STATE INC. 
INCUBATOR 
„ 200 FIRST PREMIUMS. 
CO., llomi-r City, Pa. 
LIFE PRODUCERS 
THE SUCCESSFUL INCUBATOR. 
LIFE PRESERVERS 
THE SUCCESSFUL BROODERS. 
All about them in our 128 page 
Catalogue. Sent for 6e, worth a t. 
DES MOINES INCUBATOR CO., Box 90 DES MOINES. IA 
THE IMPROVED 
VICTOR Incubator 
Hatches Chickens by Steam. Absolutely 
self-regulating. The simplest, most 
reliable, and cheapest first-class Hatcher 
, In the market. Circulars FREE. 
GEO. EKTKL CO., QUINCY, ILL. 
skens BY steam- 
With the MOREL 
EXCELSIOR Incubator 
Simple, Per/tel, Self■ Regulat¬ 
ing. Thousands in successful 
operation. Lowest priced 
II rat-class llateher made. 
CEO. II. STAHL. 
to!23 S. fith St. Oiilnnv.TIt. 
PrfiT17P Tark0 Y s from heavy weights; 44*4 lbs. toms. 
IHull/.C Chester White Cbester s-wtne. Sbrop-bire 
Sheep of the best breeting. S. Sprague, fialconer.N.Y. 
C ockerel 8 —25 C. Br. Leghorns. Want rrom. 75o. 
ea. Order qu'ck. T. G. Ashmead, Williamson, N. Y 
nr 1 Til TO I inr A Disinfectant Powder for 
UlA I || IU LI uC Poult-y Vermin Sample 10c. 
Book Fkke. D. J. Lajihert, Box 307, Apponaug. R. I. 
CRUSHED FLINT FOB POULTRY 
Bone Meal, Crushed Oyster Shells.Calotte, Granulated 
Bone, Ground Beef Scraps. Sendfor Price IAst. 
YORK CHEMICAL WORKS. YORK, PA. 
wo Qreat EGG MAKERS 
UCIIU’C GREEN RONE CCTTK.lt, 
BVIAllII O GRANITE CRYSTAL Grit. 
For Poultry. Cash or instalments. 
F. W. MANN CO., Mll.FOKIt. MAsH. 
THE CROWN S?!!« 
bones. For the poultryman. Best in the world. 
Lowest in price. Send for circnlar and testi¬ 
monials. Wilson Bros., EASTON, PA. 
TESTIMONIALS BY THE YARD! 
We have “testimonials by tne yard” 
from users of the Premier Green 
Bone Cutter. A child can run It. 
Self-cleaneridurable. Circular FREE. 
P. A. Webster, Cazenovia, N.Y. 
POULTRY 
We keep every - 
_ _ _ _ _ thing in the 
POULTRY LUTE, Fencing, Feed, Incubat¬ 
ors, Live Stock, Brooders—anything—it’s 
our business. Call or let us send you our , 
illustrated catalogue—it's free for the ask- , 
ing—it’s worth having. 
Excelsior Wire & Poultry Supply Co. 
28 Vesey Street, New York City 
MAKE HENS LAY^HK 51 ^ 
This Priceless Secret of Suececw with Poultry is 
fully told in our New Poultry Hook which is scot 
Free as a Premium with our Poultry Paper S 
thus lor 10 cents. Address. \V. P. CO M Fllutouvllle, Conn* 
THt L Business Hen 
makes money for the business man. We tell 
all about business methods in breeding,sel* 
ling and handling poultry in our New 
Poultry Encyclopedia. Tells about poultry 
and their ailments, giving recipes for diseases, 
etc. Sent postpaid on receipt of 15 cents 
in stamps or money. t$T Write todav. 
THE J. W. MILLER CO., Box 144, Freeport, III. 
IQ MONEY IN POULTRY 
OUR LARCE ’98 CUIDE of 100 
pages explains all. Worth $25.00 
to any one. The largest, finest ami moat complete 
book ever pul,fished in colors. Contains over 17 
new Illustrations, hundreds of valuable reeipesnml 
plans, and HUH TO .11AKK POl I.TRY PAY, Sent 
testpati JOHN BAUSCHER. Jr. 
tor tbeta. Itnx 6<$, KKKhPOlIT, 11,1.S. 
VWWW VWVWWWV WV VWWVVWVA t 
STATE INCUBATOR 
LEADS THE WORLD. 
wwxrwwwwwww 
pRAIRIE 
WE ARE GENERAL AGENTS | 
AND HEADQUARTERS FOR 
THE BEST POULTRY SUP¬ 
PLIES. Circulars on Applica¬ 
tion. HENRY a DRfcEH, 
714Chistnut St., Philadelphia. 
WHILE WE AIM 
to assist the small breeder most, yet we, of course, ask for the business of the larger. Just try and 
see If we cannot save you Time, Trouble and Expense. AMERICAN LIVE-STOCK COMPANY, 
24 StaM'Street, New York. Refers by permission to Thi Rtjjial Njcw-Yorxjsr. 
